yield 详解
转至 https://www.cnblogs.com/maoxiaolv/p/6425875.html
协程
协程:又称微线程,纤程,协程是一种用户态的轻量级线程
协程拥有自己的寄存器上下文和栈。协程调度切换时,将寄存器上下文和栈保存到其他地方,在切回来的时候,恢复先前保存的寄存器上下文和栈。因此:
协程能保留上一次调用时的状态(即所有局部状态的一个特定组合),每次过程重入时,就相当于进入上一次调用的状态,换种说法:进入上一次离开时所处逻辑流的位置。
select 多并发socket 例子
服务端:
import select
import socket
import sys
import queue
server = socket.socket()
server.setblocking(False)
server_addr = ('localhost',9999)
print('starting up on %s port %s' % server_addr)
server.bind(server_addr)
server.listen(5)
inputs = [server,]
outputs = []
message_queues = {}
while True:
print('waiting for next event...')
readable,writeable,exeptional = select.select(inputs, outputs, inputs)
for s in readable: #每个s就是一个socket
if s is server:
conn,client_addr = s.accept()
print('new connection from',client_addr)
conn.setblocking(False)
inputs.append(conn)
message_queues[conn] = queue.Queue()
else:
data = s.recv(1024)
if data:
print("收到来自[%s]的数据:" %s.getpeername()[0],data)
message_queues[s].put(data)
if s not in outputs:
outputs.append(s)
else:
print('客户端断开了',s)
if s in outputs:
outputs.remove(s)
inputs.remove(s)
del message_queues[s]
for s in writeable:
try:
next_msg = message_queues[s].get_nowait()
except queue.Empty:
print("client [%s]" %s.getpeername()[0],'queue is empty..')
outputs.remove(s)
else:
print('sending msg to [%s]' %s.getpeername()[0],next_msg)
s.send(next_msg.upper())
for s in exeptional:
print('handling exception for ',s.getpeername)
inputs.remove(s)
if s in outputs:
outputs.remove(s)
s.close()
del message_queues[s]
客户端: 在range中调整并发客户端数目 当个数为1000时 出现select数目过多问题
import socket
import sys
messages = [b'This is the message.',
b'It will be sent',
b'in parts.']
server_address = ('localhost',9999)
socks = [socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) for i in range(100)]
print('connecting to %s port %s' %server_address)
for s in socks:
s.connect(server_address)
for message in messages:
for s in socks:
print('%s:sending "%s"' %(s.getsockname(),message))
s.send(message)
for s in socks:
data = s.recv(1024)
print('%s:recvived "%s"' %(s.getsockname(),data))
if not data:
print(sys.stderr,'closing socket',s.getsockname)
linux中改socket代开文件句柄数限制
查看:ulimit -n
修改:ulimit -SHn 65535 假如限制数改为65535
selectors模块服务端
import selectors
import socket
sel = selectors.DefaultSelector()
def accept(sock,mask):
conn,addr = sock.accept()
print('accepted',conn,'from',addr)
conn.setblocking(False)
sel.register(conn, selectors.EVENT_READ, read)
def read(conn,mask):
data = conn.recv(1024)
if data:
print('echoing',repr(data),'to',conn)
conn.send(data.upper())
else:
print('closing',conn)
sel.unregister(conn)
conn.close()
sock = socket.socket()
sock.bind(('localhost',9999))
sock.listen(100)
sock.setblocking(False)
sel.register(sock, selectors.EVENT_READ, accept)
while True:
events = sel.select()
for key,mask in events:
callback = key.data
callback(key.fileobj,mask)
selectors模块服务端 封装类版本
import selectors
import socket
class accept_class(object):
def __init__(self):
self.conn = None
self.addr = None
self.mask = None
def accept(self,sock, mask):
conn, addr = sock.accept()
self.conn = conn
self.addr = addr
self.mask = mask
print('accepted', self.conn, 'from', self.addr)
self.conn.setblocking(False)
read1 = read_class()
sel.register(self.conn, selectors.EVENT_READ, read1.read)
class read_class(object):
def __init__(self):
self.conn = None
self.mask = None
def read(self,conn,mask):
data = conn.recv(1000) # Should be ready
print(data)
if data:
print('echoing', repr(data), 'to', conn)
conn.send(data) # Hope it won't block
else:
print('closing', conn)
sel.unregister(conn)
conn.close()
sock = socket.socket()
sock.bind(('localhost', 9999))
sock.listen(100)
sock.setblocking(False)
sel = selectors.DefaultSelector()
accept1 = accept_class()
sel.register(sock, selectors.EVENT_READ, accept1.accept)
while True:
events = sel.select()
for key, mask in events:
callback = key.data
callback(key.fileobj, mask)