Data_Analysis_task3

最新推荐文章于 2020-09-25 16:46:43 发布

zhuo_bao

最新推荐文章于 2020-09-25 16:46:43 发布

阅读量224

点赞数

分类专栏： Data_Analysis

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhuo_bao/article/details/108174529

版权

Data_Analysis 专栏收录该内容

5 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

复习：在前面我们已经学习了Pandas基础，第二章我们开始进入数据分析的业务部分，在第二章第一节的内容中，我们学习了数据的清洗，这一部分十分重要，只有数据变得相对干净，我们之后对数据的分析才可以更有力。而这一节，我们要做的是数据重构，数据重构依旧属于数据理解（准备）的范围。

开始之前，导入numpy、pandas包和数据

# 导入基本库
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# 载入data文件中的:train-left-up.csv
df=pd.read_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/train-left-up.csv')
df.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name
0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris
1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...
2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina
3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)
4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry

2 第二章：数据重构

第一部分：数据规整

2.4 数据的合并

2.4.1 任务一：将data文件夹里面的所有数据都载入，观察数据的之间的关系

#写入代码
df1=pd.read_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/train-left-down.csv')
df1.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name
0	440	0	2	Kvillner, Mr. Johan Henrik Johannesson
1	441	1	2	Hart, Mrs. Benjamin (Esther Ada Bloomfield)
2	442	0	3	Hampe, Mr. Leon
3	443	0	3	Petterson, Mr. Johan Emil
4	444	1	2	Reynaldo, Ms. Encarnacion

df2=pd.read_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/train-right-up.csv')
df2.head()

	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

df3=pd.read_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/train-right-down.csv')
df3.head()

	Sex	Age	SibSp	Parch	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	male	31.0	0	0	C.A. 18723	10.500	NaN	S
1	female	45.0	1	1	F.C.C. 13529	26.250	NaN	S
2	male	20.0	0	0	345769	9.500	NaN	S
3	male	25.0	1	0	347076	7.775	NaN	S
4	female	28.0	0	0	230434	13.000	NaN	S

【提示】结合之前我们加载的train.csv数据，大致预测一下上面的数据是什么

将原有的train.csv拆分成了四个部分

2.4.2：任务二：使用concat方法：将数据train-left-up.csv和train-right-up.csv横向合并为一张表，并保存这张表为result_up

#写入代码
result_up=pd.concat([df,df2],axis=1)#横向合并
result_up.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1.0	0.0	3.0	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2.0	1.0	1.0	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3.0	1.0	3.0	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4.0	1.0	1.0	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5.0	0.0	3.0	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

2.4.3 任务三：使用concat方法：将train-left-down和train-right-down横向合并为一张表，并保存这张表为result_down。然后将上边的result_up和result_down纵向合并为result。

#写入代码
result_down=pd.concat([df1,df3],axis=1)
result_down.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Parch	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	440	0	2	Kvillner, Mr. Johan Henrik Johannesson	male	31.0	0	0	C.A. 18723	10.500	NaN	S
1	441	1	2	Hart, Mrs. Benjamin (Esther Ada Bloomfield)	female	45.0	1	1	F.C.C. 13529	26.250	NaN	S
2	442	0	3	Hampe, Mr. Leon	male	20.0	0	0	345769	9.500	NaN	S
3	443	0	3	Petterson, Mr. Johan Emil	male	25.0	1	0	347076	7.775	NaN	S
4	444	1	2	Reynaldo, Ms. Encarnacion	female	28.0	0	0	230434	13.000	NaN	S

result=pd.concat([result_up,result_down])
result.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1.0	0.0	3.0	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2.0	1.0	1.0	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3.0	1.0	3.0	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4.0	1.0	1.0	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5.0	0.0	3.0	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

2.4.4 任务四：使用DataFrame自带的方法join方法和append：完成任务二和任务三的任务

#写入代码
#合并上半部分
result_up=df.join(df2)
result_up.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

#合并下半部分
result_down=df1.join(df3)
result_down.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Parch	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	440	0	2	Kvillner, Mr. Johan Henrik Johannesson	male	31.0	0	0	C.A. 18723	10.500	NaN	S
1	441	1	2	Hart, Mrs. Benjamin (Esther Ada Bloomfield)	female	45.0	1	1	F.C.C. 13529	26.250	NaN	S
2	442	0	3	Hampe, Mr. Leon	male	20.0	0	0	345769	9.500	NaN	S
3	443	0	3	Petterson, Mr. Johan Emil	male	25.0	1	0	347076	7.775	NaN	S
4	444	1	2	Reynaldo, Ms. Encarnacion	female	28.0	0	0	230434	13.000	NaN	S

#是用DataFrame的append方法跨行合并
result=result_up.append(result_down)
result.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

2.4.5 任务五：使用Panads的merge方法和DataFrame的append方法：完成任务二和任务三的任务

#写入代码
result_up=pd.merge(df,df2,left_index=True,right_index=True)
result_up.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

result_down=pd.merge(df1,df3,left_index=True,right_index=True)
result_down.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Parch	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	440	0	2	Kvillner, Mr. Johan Henrik Johannesson	male	31.0	0	0	C.A. 18723	10.500	NaN	S
1	441	1	2	Hart, Mrs. Benjamin (Esther Ada Bloomfield)	female	45.0	1	1	F.C.C. 13529	26.250	NaN	S
2	442	0	3	Hampe, Mr. Leon	male	20.0	0	0	345769	9.500	NaN	S
3	443	0	3	Petterson, Mr. Johan Emil	male	25.0	1	0	347076	7.775	NaN	S
4	444	1	2	Reynaldo, Ms. Encarnacion	female	28.0	0	0	230434	13.000	NaN	S

result=result_up.append(result_down)
result.head()

	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

【思考】对比merge、join以及concat的方法的不同以及相同。思考一下在任务四和任务五的情况下，为什么都要求使用DataFrame的append方法，如何只要求使用merge或者join可不可以完成任务四和任务五呢？

merge和join只能是横向拼接，所以单独使用merge或join方法不能实现纵向拼接
merge、join、concat都能实现横向拼接，但concat还能通过指定axis的取值实现纵向连接，其他两种方法不行
mergehejoin方法可以用on参数来指定来指定某一个对象作为key实现连接

2.4.6 任务六：完成的数据保存为result.csv

#写入代码
result.to_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/result.csv')

2.5 换一种角度看数据

2.5.1 任务一：将我们的数据变为Series类型的数据

stack: 将数据从”表格结构“变成”花括号结构“，即将其列索引变成行索引。
unstack: 数据从”花括号结构“变成”表格结构“，即要将其中一层的行索引变成列索引。如果是多层索引，则以上函数是针对内层索引（这里是store）。利用level可以选择具体哪层索引。

#写入代码
result.stack().head()

0  PassengerId                          1
   Survived                             0
   Pclass                               3
   Name           Braund, Mr. Owen Harris
   Sex                               male
dtype: object

第二节

# 导入基本库
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# 载入上一个任务人保存的文件中:result.csv，并查看这个文件
result=pd.read_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/result.csv')
result.head()

	Unnamed: 0	PassengerId	Survived	Pclass	Name	Sex	Age	SibSp	Ticket	Fare	Cabin	Embarked
0	0	1	0	3	Braund, Mr. Owen Harris	male	22.0	1.0	A/5 21171	7.2500	NaN	S
1	1	2	1	1	Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...	female	38.0	1.0	PC 17599	71.2833	C85	C
2	2	3	1	3	Heikkinen, Miss. Laina	female	26.0	0.0	STON/O2. 3101282	7.9250	NaN	S
3	3	4	1	1	Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)	female	35.0	1.0	113803	53.1000	C123	S
4	4	5	0	3	Allen, Mr. William Henry	male	35.0	0.0	373450	8.0500	NaN	S

2.4.2：任务二：计算泰坦尼克号男性与女性的平均票价

# 写入代码
df=result['Fare'].groupby(result['Sex'])
df.head()
fs=df.mean()

2.4.3：任务三：统计泰坦尼克号中男女的存活人数

# 写入代码
df1=result['Survived'].groupby(result['Sex'])
ss=df1.sum()

2.4.4：任务四：计算客舱不同等级的存活人数

# 写入代码
df2=result['Survived'].groupby(result['Pclass'])
df2.sum()

Pclass
1    136
2     87
3    119
Name: Survived, dtype: int64

#思考心得
从男女平均票价以及存活人数来看，可以发现平均票价比较高的女性存货数量也比较多，可以猜测票价的高低会影响存活。
从不同等级客舱的存活人数来看，等级最高的存活人数也最多。

2.4.5：任务五：统计在不同等级的票中的不同年龄的船票花费的平均值

# 写入代码
result.groupby(['Pclass','Age'])['Fare'].mean()                            #可以⽤[]选出groupby对象的某个或者某⼏个列

Pclass  Age  
1       0.92     151.5500
        2.00     151.5500
        4.00      81.8583
        11.00    120.0000
        14.00    120.0000
                   ...   
3       61.00      6.2375
        63.00      9.5875
        65.00      7.7500
        70.50      7.7500
        74.00      7.7750
Name: Fare, Length: 182, dtype: float64

2.4.6：任务六：将任务二和任务三的数据合并，并保存到sex_fare_survived.csv

# 写入代码
sex_fare_survived=pd.merge(fs,ss,on='Sex')
sex_fare_survived.head()
sex_fare_survived.to_csv('F:\Datewheel资料\hands-on-data-analysis-master\hands-on-data-analysis-master\第二章项目集合\data/sex_fare_survived.csv')

2.4.7：任务七：得出不同年龄的总的存活人数，然后找出存活人数的最高的年龄，最后计算存活人数最高的存活率（存活人数/总人数）

# 写入代码
sa=result.groupby(['Age'])['Survived'].sum()
sa.head()

Age
0.42    1
0.67    1
0.75    2
0.83    2
0.92    1
Name: Survived, dtype: int64

# 写入代码
#找出存活人数最高的年龄
sa[sa.values==sa.max()]

Age
24.0    15
Name: Survived, dtype: int64

# 写入代码
#计算存活的总人数
result['Survived'].sum()

# 写入代码
result.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 891 entries, 0 to 890
Data columns (total 13 columns):
Unnamed: 0     891 non-null int64
PassengerId    891 non-null int64
Survived       891 non-null int64
Pclass         891 non-null int64
Name           891 non-null object
Sex            891 non-null object
Age            714 non-null float64
SibSp          891 non-null float64
Parch          891 non-null float64
Ticket         891 non-null object
Fare           891 non-null float64
Cabin          204 non-null object
Embarked       889 non-null object
dtypes: float64(4), int64(4), object(5)
memory usage: 90.6+ KB

spercent=sa[sa.values==sa.max()]/result['Survived'].sum()
print('存货人数最高的存活率为：',str(spercent))

存货人数最高的存活率为： Age
24.0    0.04386
Name: Survived, dtype: float64

zhuo_bao

关注

0
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
Data_Analysis_task3

复习：在前面我们已经学习了Pandas基础，第二章我们开始进入数据分析的业务部分，在第二章第一节的内容中，我们学习了数据的清洗，这一部分十分重要，只有数据变得相对干净，我们之后对数据的分析才可以更有力。而这一节，我们要做的是数据重构，数据重构依旧属于数据理解（准备）的范围。开始之前，导入numpy、pandas包和数据# 导入基本库import pandas as pdimport numpy as np# 载入data文件中的:train-left-up.csvdf=pd.read_csv(
复制链接

扫一扫