C#中virtual, override, new的使用

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public virtual void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public override void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

运行结果:

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public virtual void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

这样的写法会有警告:'DerivedClass.SayHello()' 隐藏了继承的成员 'BaseClass.SayHello()'.为了使当前的成员重写父类的实现，请添加override关键字，否则请添加new关键字.运行结果:

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public virtual void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public new void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

这样就没有警告，运行的结果和没加new关键字一样。
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------分--------------------割------------------------线-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public override void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

编译直接出错: DerivedClass.SayHello()': 不能重写继承的 'BaseClass.SayHello()'，因为它没有被标记为virtual, abstract或者override.

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

这样写会有警告:'DerivedClass.SayHello()' 隐藏了'BaseClass.SayHello()'. 如果是为了隐藏请使用new关键字. 运行结果:

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            BaseClass obj1 = new DerivedClass();
            DerivedClass obj2 = new DerivedClass();
            obj1.SayHello();
            obj2.SayHello();
        }
    }

    public class BaseClass
    {
        public void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base class : SayHello");
        }
    }

    public class DerivedClass : BaseClass
    {
        public new void SayHello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived class: SayHello");
        } 
    }

运行结果和没加new关键字一样.

总结一下virtual,override,new的使用方法: 如果父类想让它的方法能在子类中被重写，就必须加virtual关键字。然后在子类中，如果子类想重写父类的方法就必须在方法前添加override关键字，前提是父类已经把该方法声明为virtual,否则子类无法重写该方法. 如果子类不想重写，只是想隐藏父类的方法，那么就可以添加new关键字。虽然不加new关键字，最终的行为也和加new关键字一样，但是我们还是建议在方法前面添加new关键字。这样会让你一眼就知道该方法在父类中也有实现，只是被你隐藏了。

重写:在调用是总是使用在子类中的方法.

隐藏: 会根据你的实际声明的类型来调用方法。