StringTemplate.Net 学习笔记（2）：语法介绍(表格)

表达式元素语法：

Syntax
Description(注：中文部分为个人理解)

<attribute>
Evaluates to the value of attribute.ToString() if it exists else empty string.
调用attribute.ToString()方法，若attribute不存在，则显示空字符串

,
The iteration number indexed from one and from zero, respectively, when referenced within a template being applied to an attribute or attributes.
集合的当前索引值， 从1开始计算， 从0开始计算，如果当前集合为null，则显示空字符串

<attribute.property>
Looks for property of attribute as a property (C#), then accessor methods like getProperty() or isProperty(). If that fails, StringTemplate looks for a raw field of the attribute called property. Evaluates to the empty string if no such property is found.
获取attribute的property属性值,如user.Name

<attribute.(expr)>
Indirect property lookup. Same as attribute.property except use the value of expr as the property_ name. Evaluates to the empty string if no such property is found.
同上，区别在于字段为保留字的情况下使用，如user.("Name")

<multi-valued-attribute>
Concatenation of ToString() invoked on each element. If multi-valued-attribute is missing his evaluates to the empty string.
调用集合中所有非null元素的ToString方法，再把它们连接起来

<multi-valued-attribute; separator=expr>
Concatenation of ToString() invoked on each element separated by expr.
同上，区别在于，连接的时候在相邻的两个元素之间使用了分隔符

<[mine, yours]>
Creates a new multi-valued attribute (a list) with elements of mine first then all of yours.
把mine和yours合并成新的集合，不限于mine、yours两个元素。对于不同类型的mine和yours，都会转换成数组形式。其他用法同上

<template(argument-list)>
Include template. The argument-list is a list of attribute assignments where each assignment is of the form arg-of-template=expr where expr is evaluated in the context of the surrounding template
not of the invoked template.
调用模板，传递参数(若有参数)，template为模板名称，如template()

<(expr)(argument-list)>
Include template whose name is computed via expr. The argument-list is a list of attribute assignments where each assignment is of the form attribute=expr. Example $(whichFormat)()$ looks up whichFormat's value and uses that as template name. Can also apply an indirect template to an attribute.
同上，区别在于模板名称为关键字的时候，如("template")()

<attribute:template(argument-list)>
Apply template to attribute. The optional argument-list is evaluated before application so that you can set attributes referenced within template. The default attribute it is set to the value of attribute. If attribute is multi-valued, then it is set to each element in turn and template is invoked n times where n is the number of values in attribute. Example: $name:bold() applies bold() to name's value.
这是一种循环语法，对集合中每一个元素都应用template模板(若模板有参数则传递参数)

<attribute:(expr)(argument-list)>
Apply a template, whose name is computed from expr, to each value of attribute. Example $data:(name)()$ looks up name's value and uses that as template name to apply to data.
同上，区别在于模板名称为关键字的时候

<attribute:t1(argument-list): ... :tN(argument-list)>
Apply multiple templates in order from left to right. The result of a template application upon a multi-valued attribute is another multi-valued attribute. The overall expression evaluates to the concatenation of all elements of the final multi-valued attribute resulting from templateN's application.
同<attribute:template(argument-list)>，区别在于，对集合中每一个元素都按从左到右的顺序应用了多个模板

<attribute:{anonymous-template}>
Apply an anonymous template to each element of attribute. The iterated it atribute is set automatically.
匿名模板，即内联式的，跟匿名委托有些类似，这是一种循环语法，集合的当前元素名称自动设置为it

<attribute:{argument-name_ | _anonymous-template}>
Apply an anonymous template to each element of attribute. Set the argument-name to the iterated value and also set it.
同上，区别在于，手动设置集合的当前元素名称

<a1,a2,...,aN:{argument-list_ | _anonymous-template}>
Parallel list iteration. March through the values of the attributes a1..aN, setting the values to the arguments in argument-list in the same order. Apply the anonymous template. There is no defined it value unless inherited from an enclosing scope.
多个参数的匿名模板，必须自定义每个集合的当前元素名称

<attribute:t1(),t2(),...,tN()>
Apply an alternating list of templates to the elements of attribute. The template names may include argument lists.
交替调用模板，并应用到attribute如：$list:style1():style2:style3()$,
对第一个元素应用style1，第二个元素应用style2，第三个元素应用style3，依此类推

The first or only element of attr. You can combine operations to say things like first(rest(names)) to get second element.
取得集合的第一个元素

The last or only element of attr.
取得集合的最后一个元素

All but the first element of attr. Returns nothing if $attr$ a single valued.
取得集合中除第一个元素之外的所有元素，如果attribute不是集合，则显示空字符串

returns all but last element
取得集合中除最后一个元素之外的所有元素，其他同上

Returns an iterator that skips any null values in $attr$. strip(x)
=x when x is a single-valued attribute.
取得集合中所有不为null的元素，如果attribute不是集合，则显示attr的值

Return an integer indicating how many elements in length $attr$ is. Single valued attributes return 1. Strings are not special; i.e., length("foo") is 1 meaning "1 attribute". Nulls are counted in lists so a list of 300 nulls is length 300. If you don't want to count nulls, use length(strip(list)).
取得集合的元素个数，即集合的长度

/$ or /<
escaped delimiter prevents $ or < from starting an attribute expression and results in that single character.
对美元号$或尖括号 <进行转义，当它们作为表达式分隔符的时候。默认为$...$，可以设置成一对尖括号> <...>

, , ,
special character(s): space, newline, tab, carriage return. Can have multiple in single <...> expression.
要在表达式中使用空格、换行符、制表符、回车符时，必须对它们进行转义，如输出换行符：，
也可以在单行表达式<...>里输出多个,如：

Unicode character(s). Can have multiple in single <...> expression.
Unicode字符，如，也可以在单行表达式<...>输出多个,如：

, $! comment !$
Comments, ignored by StringTemplate.
注释，分隔符与默认表达式分隔符一致，支持多行注释

条件声明：

Syntax
Description

attribute)> subtemplate
subtemplate2

If attribute has a value or is a boolean object that evaluates to true, include subtemplate else include subtemplate2. These conditionals may be nested.
如果属性有值或者属性为bool值true，则表示达成条件，调用subtemplate模板，否则调用subtemplate2模板，这些条件可以嵌套

x)> subtemplate
y)> subtemplate2
z)> subtemplate3
subtemplate4

First attribute that has a value or is a boolean object that evaluates to true, include that subtemplate. These conditionals may be nested.

attribute)> subtemplate
If attribute has no value or is a bool object that evaluates to false, include subtemplate. These conditionals may be nested.

保留字：

不要使用这些保留字作为属性名称或模板名称(模板组、模板组接口不在此列)

default
first
group
if
implements
interface
last
length
optional
rest
strip
super
trunc
else
endif
elseif

样式真是无语啊，还是不会用这博客！

英文来自：http://www.antlr.org/wiki/display/ST/StringTemplate+cheat+sheet

这个表格更详细：http://www.antlr.org/wiki/display/ST/ST+condensed+--+Templates+and+expressions#STcondensed--Templatesandexpressions-TemplateExpressionsandStatements

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/lwme/archive/2010/04/29/1724186.html