增大redo

近期需要增大生产的联机日志的大小，为防止在生产库出现纰漏，做以下储备
一、redo的设计原则
1、redo的大小
redo的大小主要取决于业务量的大小，即数据库中DML的多少，一般是10~15分钟切换一次最为合适
2、redo的位置
在数据库中一般默认设置3组以上的日志且在同一存储上，若条件允许可以实现：
将每一组日志设置2个member成员，为避免因为存储坏掉而丢失数据，将成员存放在不同的存储上，或至少在同一存储的不同RAID上；
二、redo的操作
在redo的修改中，需要注意几个参数的设置
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n  若设置该参数，在创建日志的时候可以不指定日志的地址，若没有设置DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n，需要检查DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST和DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST，效果和DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n一致
三、redo的管理(摘自官档)
Adding Redo Log File Groups: Examples The following statement adds a redo log file group with two members and identifies it with a GROUP parameter value of 3:


ALTER DATABASE
  ADD LOGFILE GROUP 3 
    ('diska:log3.log' ,  
     'diskb:log3.log') SIZE 50K; 
The following statement adds a redo log file group containing two members to thread 5 (in a Real Application Clusters environment) and assigns it a GROUP parameter value of 4:


ALTER DATABASE  
    ADD LOGFILE THREAD 5 GROUP 4  
        ('diska:log4.log', 
         'diskb:log4:log'); 
Adding Redo Log File Group Members: Example The following statement adds a member to the redo log file group added in the previous example:


ALTER DATABASE   
   ADD LOGFILE MEMBER 'diskc:log3.log'  
   TO GROUP 3; 
Dropping Log File Members: Example The following statement drops one redo log file member added in the previous example:


ALTER DATABASE
    DROP LOGFILE MEMBER 'diskb:log3.log'; 
The following statement drops all members of the redo log file group 3:


ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE GROUP 3; 
Renaming a Log File Member: Example The following statement renames a redo log file member:


ALTER DATABASE   
    RENAME FILE 'diskc:log3.log' TO 'diskb:log3.log'; 
The preceding statement only changes the member of the redo log group from one file to another. The statement does not actually change the name of the file diskc:log3.log to diskb:log3.log. Before issuing this statement, you must change the name of the file through your operating system.


Clearing a Log File: Example The following statement clears a log file:


ALTER DATABASE  
    CLEAR LOGFILE 'diskc:log3.log';


2、RAC的redo
必须声明thread，详见官档
3、DG的redo
alter database add standby logfile group n '' size 1000M;
注意细节，摘自惜分飞http://www.xifenfei.com/4388.html
在DG的环境中，配置的是实时同步，需要增大主库的redo大小和数量，本来很简单的一件事情：
先增大备库的standby redo，删除老的standby redo，然后主库增加redo删除老的redo，备库增加新redo删除老redo，最后主库增加standby redo。
但实施的过程中，遇到了一些细节性的问题，主要是学习到了log_file_name_convert如果不配置，将导致备库redo文件不能删除。
增加standby redo log
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo08.log') size 200M; 
alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo08.log') size 200M
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01156: recovery in progress may need access to files
 
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo09.log') size 200M; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo10.log') size 200M; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 11 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo11.log') size 200M; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 12 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo12.log') size 200M; 
 
Database altered.
删除standby redo log
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00261: log 4 of thread 1 is being archived or modified
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 1: '/data/oradata/wasudb/st_redo04.log'
 
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 5;;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 7;
 
Database altered.
 
--在主库多次执行switch logfile
 
SQL>  alter database drop logfile group 4;
 
Database altered.
主库redo log 管理
增加redo log
SQL> alter database add logfile group 21 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo21.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 22 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo22.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 23 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo23.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 24 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo24.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
删除redo log
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
 
Database altered.
--这里涉及到多次switch logfile,需要确定redo是inactive才能够删除
备库redo log管理
增加redo log
SQL> alter database add logfile group 21 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo21.log') size 200m; 
alter database add logfile group 21 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo21.log') size 200m
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01275: Operation ADD LOGFILE is not allowed if standby file management is automatic.
 
 
SQL>  alter system set standby_file_management=manual;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 21 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo21.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 22 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo22.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 23 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo23.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 24 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo24.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
删除redo log
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
alter database drop logfile group 1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01624: log 1 needed for crash recovery of instance wasudb (thread 1)
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/data/oradata/wasudb/redo01.log'
 
SQL>  ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 1;
 ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19527: physical standby redo log must be renamed
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/data/oradata/wasudb/redo01.log'
 
SQL> show parameter NAME_CONVERT
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
log_file_name_convert                string
 
SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/wasudb','/data/oradata/wasudb' scope=spfile;
 
System altered.
 
SQL>  alter system set db_file_name_convert='/data/oradata/wasudb','/data/oradata/wasudb' scope=spfile;
 
System altered.
 
--重启数据库
 
SQL> show parameter file_name_convert;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string      /data/oradata/wasudb, /data/or
                                                 adata/wasudb
log_file_name_convert                string      /data/oradata/wasudb, /data/or
                                                 adata/wasudb
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
alter database drop logfile group 1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01624: log 1 needed for crash recovery of instance wasudb (thread 1)
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/data/oradata/wasudb/redo01.log'
 
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 1;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 2;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 3;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
 
Database altered.
主库standby redo log管理
增加standby redo
SQL> alter database add logfile group 21 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo21.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 22 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo22.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 23 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo23.log') size 200m; 
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database add logfile group 24 ('/data/oradata/wasudb/redo24.log') size 200m;
 
Database altered.
删除standby redo
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 5;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 7;
 
Database altered.
后续工作
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
 
Database altered.
至此修改dataguard环境中的redo大小和增加redo组数的操作基本完成.在这里主要修正了自己以前对log_file_name_convert的认识，我以前以为如果我的主备库redo对应的目录一致不用配置该参数,今天通过查询MOS发现从10.2开始数据库为了能实现dg的快速切换在mrp启动的时候会去尝试清理备库redo,如果备库没有redo,或者log_file_name_convert配置不正确导致不能正常执行这个清理工作,数据库就会报ORA-19527,特别是在mrp进程启动之时.对于本次出现执行CLEAR LOGFILE命令也出现该问题,确实有点过犹不及了.这里也就是提醒我们:就算redo file,datafile主备位置相同,也建议配置log_file_name_convert和db_file_name_convert参数,提高dg健壮性.


如果在RAC中出现
SQL> alter database mount;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01618: redo thread 3 is not enabled - cannot mount
则说明thread 3 的redo log没有启用 可以通过下面的方式启用
alter database enable thread 3;


本次实施步骤


查看当前日志文件组的状态 
SQL> select GROUP#,MEMBER,STATUS from v$logfile;


    GROUP# MEMBER                                        STATUS
---------- --------------------------------------------- -------
         1 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group1_1
         1 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group1_2
         2 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group2_1
         2 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group2_2
         5 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group5_1
         5 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group5_2
         6 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group6_1
         6 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group6_2
         7 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group7_1
         7 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group7_2
         8 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group8_1
         8 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group8_2
         3 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group3_1
         3 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group3_2
         4 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group4_1
         4 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group4_2
         9 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group9_1
         9 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group9_2
        10 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group10_1
        10 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group10_2
        11 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group11_1
        11 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group11_2
        12 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group12_1
        12 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group12_2
        13 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group13_1
        13 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group13_2
        14 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group14_1
        14 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group14_2
        15 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group15_1
        15 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group15_2
        16 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group16_1
        16 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group16_2
        17 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group17_1
        17 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group17_2
        18 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group18_1
        18 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group18_2
        19 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group19_1
        19 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group19_2
        20 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group20_1
        20 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group20_2
        21 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group21_1
        21 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group21_2
        22 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group22_1
        22 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group22_2
        23 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group23_1
        23 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group23_2
        24 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group24_1
        24 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group24_2
        25 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group25_1
        25 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group25_2
        26 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group26_1
        26 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group26_2
        27 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group27_1
        27 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group27_2
        28 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group28_1
        28 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group28_2
        29 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group29_1
        29 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group29_2
        30 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group30_1
        30 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group30_2
        31 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group31_1
        31 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group31_2
        32 +DATADG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group32_1
        32 +REDODG/czyjdb/onlinelog/group32_2
        


1、创建2个新的日志组 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 33  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 34  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 35  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 36  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 37  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 38  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 39  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 40  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  




2、切换当前日志到新的日志组 
不要使用alter system switch logfile;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;
alter system archive log current;


3、删除旧的日志组
alter database drop logfile group 1; 
alter database drop logfile group 2; 
alter database drop logfile group 3; 
alter database drop logfile group 4; 
alter database drop logfile group 5; 
alter database drop logfile group 6;
alter database drop logfile group 7; 
alter database drop logfile group 8; 
alter database drop logfile group 9;
alter database drop logfile group 10; 
alter database drop logfile group 11;
alter database drop logfile group 12; 
alter database drop logfile group 13;
alter database drop logfile group 14; 
alter database drop logfile group 15; 
alter database drop logfile group 16;
alter database drop logfile group 17; 
alter database drop logfile group 18; 
alter database drop logfile group 19;
alter database drop logfile group 20; 
alter database drop logfile group 21; 
alter database drop logfile group 22; 
alter database drop logfile group 23; 
alter database drop logfile group 24; 
alter database drop logfile group 25; 
alter database drop logfile group 26;
alter database drop logfile group 27; 
alter database drop logfile group 28; 
alter database drop logfile group 29;
alter database drop logfile group 30
alter database drop logfile group 31; 
alter database drop logfile group 32; 




4、操作系统下删除原日志组中的物理文件 
su - grid
asmcmd
cd +REDODG/CZYJDB/ONLINELOG
rm -rf group1*
rm -rf group2*
rm -rf group_1*
rm -rf group_2*
rm -rf group30*
rm -rf group31*
rm -rf group32*
rm -rf group_30*
rm -rf group_31*
rm -rf group_32*
cd +DATADG/CZYJDB/ONLINELOG
rm -rf group1*
rm -rf group2*
rm -rf group_1*
rm -rf group_2*
rm -rf group30*
rm -rf group31*
rm -rf group32*
rm -rf group_30*
rm -rf group_31*
rm -rf group_32*
5、重建日志组1、2、3 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 1  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 2  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 3  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 4  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 5  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 6  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 7  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 8  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 9  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 10  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 11  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 12  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 13  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 14  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 15  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 16  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 17  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 18  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 19  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 20  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 21  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 22  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 23  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 24  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 25  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 26  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 27  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 28  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;  
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 29  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2 GROUP 30  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3 GROUP 31  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 4 GROUP 32  ('+DATADG','+REDODG') size 1024M; 


6、切换日志组 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 
alter system archive log current; 




7、删除中间过渡用的日志组4、5 
alter database drop logfile group 33; 
alter database drop logfile group 34; 
alter database drop logfile group 35; 
alter database drop logfile group 36; 
alter database drop logfile group 37; 
alter database drop logfile group 38; 
alter database drop logfile group 39; 
alter database drop logfile group 40; 


8、到操作系统下删除原日志组4、5中的文件 
su - grid
asmcmd
cd +REDODG/CZYJDB/ONLINELOG
rm -rf group33*
rm -rf group34*
rm -rf group35*
rm -rf group36*
rm -rf group37*
rm -rf group38*
rm -rf group39*
rm -rf group40*
rm -rf group_33*
rm -rf group_34*  
rm -rf group_35*
rm -rf group_36*
rm -rf group_37*
rm -rf group_38*
rm -rf group_39*
rm -rf group_40*


cd +DATADG/CZYJDB/ONLINELOG
rm -rf group33*
rm -rf group34*
rm -rf group35*
rm -rf group36*
rm -rf group37*
rm -rf group38*
rm -rf group39*
rm -rf group40*
rm -rf group_33*
rm -rf group_34*  
rm -rf group_35*
rm -rf group_36*
rm -rf group_37*
rm -rf group_38*
rm -rf group_39*
rm -rf group_40*


9、备份当前的最新的控制文件 
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace resetlogs