Python编码规范踩过的坑

PEP8编码规范

1.try…except…

E722 do not use bare ‘except’, specify exception instead
对于except,按照规范最好不要使用bare except, 而是使用具体的except
例如：

// correct
try:
    user = User.objects.get(pk=user_id)
    user.send_mail('Hello world')
except User.DoesNotExist:
    logger.error('The user does not exist with that ID')
//No specification
try:
    user = User.objects.get(pk=user_id)
    user.send_mail('Hello world')
except:
    logger.error('The user does not exist with that ID')

2.whitespace

E226 missing whitespace around arithmetic operator
当使用算术运算符或者分隔符后要注意符号周围的空格。例如：

// correct
list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
for i in range(len(list) / 2):
	print(list)
//No specification
list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
for i in range(len(list)/2):
	print(list)

3.indent

E125

E125 continuation line with same indent as next logical line
有时候为了追求上下行对齐，在换行后，延续行与下一个逻辑行具有相同的缩进时会引发该错误。

// correct
if user is None and user.admin or \
        user.name == 'Blue':
    ohter = 'hah'
//No specification
if user is None and user.admin or \
    user.name == 'Blue':
    ohter = 'hah'

E131

E131 continuation line unaligned for hanging indent

// correct
if user is None and user.admin or \
        user.name == 'Blue' or \
        user.age == '17':
    ohter = 'hah'
//No specification
if user is None and user.admin or \
    user.name == 'Blue' or \
    	user.age == '17':
    ohter = 'hah'

E111&E117

E111 indentation is not a multiple of four
E117 over-indented

// correct
def testRun(self):
	pass
//No specification 
def testRun(self):
	 pass //缩进问题，不是四的倍数将会报E111的error,同时由于缩进超过4，报E117的error.

E114

E114 indentation is not a multiple of four (comment)
该error同E111,不同的时针对的是comment

// correct
def testRun(self):
	# comment
//No specification 
def testRun(self):
	 # comment

4.\ 与 ()

在python中如果一句写不下可以使用换行符或者()但是不能两个一起用

// correct
if user is None and user.admin or \
        user.name == 'Blue':
    ohter = 'hah'
//No specification
if (user is None and user.admin or \
    	user.name == 'Blue'):
    ohter = 'hah'

5. and与or

and与or一般常用与条件判断中，如果想要达到预期效果需要小心使用

// print的结果为yes
a = 3
b = 2
if a == 3 or a == 2 and b == 1：
	print('yes')
else:
	print('no')
//print的结果为no
a = 3
b = 2
if (a == 3 or a == 2) and b == 1：
	print('yes')
else:
	print('no')

6. list 相关

6.1 list元素一行写不下时

// correct
list = [
		1,2,3,
		4,5,6
]
//No specification 
//将会引发The backslash is redundant between brackets (E502)错误
list = [1,2,3,\
		4,5,6]

6.2 list存在子列表时，进行去[]合并

// 第一种方法
list = [
		[1,2,3],
		[4,5,6]
]
list_test = []
for i in range(0, 2):
	list_test.extend(list[i])
print(list_test) //[1,2,3,4,5,6]
//第二种方法
list = [
		[1,2,3],
		[4,5,6]
]
list_test = []
list_test = reduce(lambda x, y: x.extend(y) or x, list)
print(list_test)//[1,2,3,4,5,6]

7. PEP8对于单行编码数量要求

PEP8中对于python单行编码要求不能超过120个characters.
否则会报错(x为实际单行编码数量)：
E501 line too long (x > 120 characters)

8. bank line

E301 expected 1 blank line, found 0
一个函数的结束和一个函数的开始应该有一个空白行，举例如下：

// correct
def testRun(self):
	pass

def testInit(self):
	pass
//No specification 
def testRun(self):
	pass
def testInit(self):
	pass

持续更新中。。。。。