转自:http://blog.csdn.net/feng88724/article/details/7013675
在讲这次错误之前,先看一下下面这段代码。 【◆以下解析方法是错误的×】
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import android.util.Log;
public class XmlHandler extends DefaultHandler{
private final String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
/**XML文件中标签定义*/
private final String TAG_Article = "Article";
private final String TAG_ArticleID = "ArticleID";
private final String TAG_Title = "Title";
private final String TAG_Date = "Date";
private final String TAG_SmallPictures = "SmallPictures";
private final String TAG_LargePictures = "LargePictures";
private final String TAG_Category = "Category";
private static final String TAG_HeadNote = "HeadNote";
private static final String TAG_SubTitle = "SubTitle";
private static final String TAG_Source = "Source";
//当前正在解析的TAG
private String currentName;
//单个文章
private News news = null;
//文章列表
private List<News> newsList = null;
//解析开始时间
private long start_time;
private boolean flag = false;
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
super.characters(ch, start, length);
if(!flag) {
return;
}
// 取值
String value = new String(ch, start, length);
Log.d(TAG, "Element: " + currentName + " Element Value: " + value);
if(value != null) {
if(TAG_ArticleID.equals(currentName)) {
news.setArticleId(value);
} else if(TAG_Title.equals(currentName)) {
news.setTitle(value);
} else if(TAG_Date.equals(currentName)) {
news.setDate(value);
} else if(TAG_Category.equals(currentName)) {
news.setCategory(value);
} else if(TAG_SmallPictures.equals(currentName)) {
news.setSmallPicture(value);
} else if(TAG_LargePictures.equals(currentName)) {
news.setLargePicture(value);
} else if(TAG_HeadNote.equals(currentName)) {
news.setHeadNote(value);
} else if(TAG_SubTitle.equals(currentName)) {
news.setSubTitle(value);
} else if(TAG_Source.equals(currentName)) {
news.setSource(value);
}
}
}
@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
super.startDocument();
start_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
newsList = new ArrayList<News>();
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
this.currentName = localName;
flag = true;
if(TAG_Article.equals(localName)) {
news = new News();
}
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
flag = false;
if(TAG_Article.equals(localName)) {
newsList.add(news);
}
}
@Override
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
super.endDocument();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.d(TAG, "Parse List's Xml Cost: " + (end - start_time) + " !!");
}
}
Baidu 或者 Google 一下 “Android Sax 解析” , 给出的Sample无一例外都是如此。 坑爹啊... 甚至连有些书籍中都是这么写的, 比如《Android开发入门与实践》。(本书亲自确认过,其他书情况不详)
没错, 一般情况下,这么写是可以的, 而且在大多数情况下解析出来也是正确的。 但是就是偶尔会出错, 这个时候通常你都莫不着头脑, 怎么回事? 数据没错啊,解析部分代码貌似也没问题.. 真是奇了怪了。 其实问题都出在上面那段代码上!!
大家都认为 SAX 解析过程大致如下:
startDocument -> startElement -> characters -> endElement -> endDocument
没错,就是这样, startElement 读取起始标签, endElement 读取结束标签,characters 呢?当然是读取其值, 这没错,但是大家都天真的以为 characters 只执行一次,并且一次就读取了全部内容。错就错在这!
其实characters 是很有可能会执行多次的,当遇到内容中有回车,\t等等内容时,它很有可能就执行多次。 有的人可能会说,那我没有这些是不是就只执行一次了? 看下我实测结果:
测试用XML如下:
<News>
<Article>
<ArticleID>1000555</ArticleID>
<Title><![CDATA[ 郑州“亚洲第一桥”通车6年成危桥 ]]></Title>
<Date>2011-11-25 14:23:52</Date>
<SmallPictures>livenews/images/s20.png</SmallPictures>
<LargePictures>livenews/images/l20.png</LargePictures>
<Category>闻天下</Category>
<HeadNote></HeadNote>
<SubTitle></SubTitle>
<Author></Author>
<Source>人民日报</Source>
<Abstract></Abstract>
</Article>
<Article>
<ArticleID>1000554</ArticleID>
<Title><![CDATA[ 内地事业单位拟设统一工资制度 ]]></Title>
<Date>2011-11-25 14:22:33</Date>
<Category><![CDATA[ 闻天下 ]]></Category>
<HeadNote></HeadNote>
<SubTitle></SubTitle>
<Author></Author>
<Source></Source>
<Abstract></Abstract>
</Article>
<Article>
<ArticleID>1000553</ArticleID>
<Title></Title>
<Date>2011-11-25 14:21:23</Date>
<SmallPictures>livenews/images/s21.png</SmallPictures>
<LargePictures>livenews/images/l21.png</LargePictures>
<Category><![CDATA[ 星娱乐 ]]></Category>
<HeadNote></HeadNote>
<SubTitle></SubTitle>
<Author></Author>
<Source><![CDATA[ 凤凰网综合 ]]></Source>
<Abstract></Abstract>
</Article>
<News>
可以很明显的看到,在解析 <ArticleID>1000553</ArticleID> 这一段时, characters执行了两次,将内容"1000553"分两次读取.. 用上面那种方式的最终结果就是 ArticleID = 00553 了。 那如果你的应用需要根据这个id 进一步获取内容岂不是死翘翘了?(比如这边根据id获取新闻详细内容)
好了,废话不多说了,看下正确的写法! 【★以下解析方法才是正确的 √ 】
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import android.util.Log;
public class XmlHandler extends DefaultHandler{
private final String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
/**XML文件中标签定义*/
private final String TAG_Article = "Article";
private final String TAG_ArticleID = "ArticleID";
private final String TAG_Title = "Title";
private final String TAG_Date = "Date";
private final String TAG_SmallPictures = "SmallPictures";
private final String TAG_LargePictures = "LargePictures";
private final String TAG_Category = "Category";
private static final String TAG_HeadNote = "HeadNote";
private static final String TAG_SubTitle = "SubTitle";
private static final String TAG_Source = "Source";
//单个文章
private News news = null;
//文章列表
private List<News> newsList = null;
//解析开始时间
private long start_time;
//(1)
private StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
super.characters(ch, start, length);
//(2)不管在startElement到endElement的过程中,执行了多少次characters, 都会将内容添加到StringBuilder中,不会丢失内容
sb.append(ch, start, length);
}
@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
super.startDocument();
start_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
newsList = new ArrayList<News>();
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
//(3) 开始收集新的标签的数据时,先清空历史数据
sb.setLength(0);
if(TAG_Article.equals(localName)) {
news = new News();
}
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
//(4)原来在characters中取值,现改在此取值
String value = sb.toString();
if(TAG_ArticleID.equals(localName)) {
news.setArticleId(value);
} else if(TAG_Title.equals(localName)) {
news.setTitle(value);
} else if(TAG_Date.equals(localName)) {
news.setDate(value);
} else if(TAG_Category.equals(localName)) {
news.setCategory(value);
} else if(TAG_SmallPictures.equals(localName)) {
news.setSmallPicture(value);
} else if(TAG_LargePictures.equals(localName)) {
news.setLargePicture(value);
} else if(TAG_HeadNote.equals(localName)) {
news.setHeadNote(value);
} else if(TAG_SubTitle.equals(localName)) {
news.setSubTitle(value);
} else if(TAG_Source.equals(localName)) {
news.setSource(value);
}
if(TAG_Article.equals(localName)) {
newsList.add(news);
}
}
@Override
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
super.endDocument();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.d(TAG, "Parse List's Xml Cost: " + (end - start_time) + " !!");
}
}
归纳为三点:
1.startElement的时候, new StringBuilder(); 或者 sb.setLength(0); (我建议后者)
2.characters的时候,sb.append(ch, start, length);
3.endElement的时候,sb.toString(); 此时StringBuilder中的内容才是解析的结果
通过这种方法就不会再有数据离奇丢失的情况了(同时也不需要像错误方法那样再设个currentTag之类的了,逻辑繁杂了,还出错)!
希望大家可以尽早看到这篇文章,不要继续被吭了!!!