xpath+中关于+xmlns+的问题

#include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> #include <libxml/tree.h> #include <libxml/parser.h> #include <libxml/xpath.h> #include <libxml/xpathInternals.h> #if defined(LIBXML_XPATH_ENABLED) && defined(LIBXML_SAX1_ENABLED) static void usage(const char *name); int execute_xpath_expression(const char* filename, const xmlChar* xpathExpr, const xmlChar* nsList); int register_namespaces(xmlXPathContextPtr xpathCtx, const xmlChar* nsList); void print_xpath_nodes(xmlNodeSetPtr nodes, FILE* output); int  main(int argc, char **argv)  {     if((argc < 3) || (argc > 4))      {         fprintf(stderr, "Error: wrong number of arguments.\n");         usage(argv[0]);         return(-1);     }           /* Init libxml */     /*初始化Parser一些工作*/     xmlInitParser();     LIBXML_TEST_VERSION     /* Do the main job */     /*进行xpath查找*/     if(execute_xpath_expression(argv[1], BAD_CAST argv[2], (argc > 3) ? BAD_CAST argv[3] : NULL) < 0)      {         usage(argv[0]);         return(-1);     }     /* Shutdown libxml */ /*释放Parser相关资源*/     xmlCleanupParser();          /*      * this is to debug memory for regression tests      */ /*释放相关内存资源*/     xmlMemoryDump();     return 0; } static void  usage(const char *name)  {     assert(name);          fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <xml-file> <xpath-expr> [<known-ns-list>]\n", name);     fprintf(stderr, "where <known-ns-list> is a list of known namespaces\n");     fprintf(stderr, "in \"<prefix1>=<href1> <prefix2>=href2> ...\" format\n"); } //execute_xpath_expression(argv[1], BAD_CAST argv[2], (argc > 3) ? BAD_CAST argv[3] : NULL) int execute_xpath_expression(const char* filename, const xmlChar* xpathExpr, const xmlChar* nsList)  {     xmlDocPtr doc;     xmlXPathContextPtr xpathCtx;      xmlXPathObjectPtr xpathObj;           assert(filename);     assert(xpathExpr);     /* Load XML document */ /*装载xml文档*/     doc = xmlParseFile(filename);     if (doc == NULL)      {         fprintf(stderr, "Error: unable to parse file \"%s\"\n", filename);         return(-1);     }     /* Create xpath evaluation context */     /*根据doc对象创建相关Context指针*/     xpathCtx = xmlXPathNewContext(doc);     if(xpathCtx == NULL) {         fprintf(stderr,"Error: unable to create new XPath context\n");         xmlFreeDoc(doc);          return(-1);     }          /* Register namespaces from list (if any) */     /*注册命名空间到Context*/     if((nsList != NULL) && (register_namespaces(xpathCtx, nsList) < 0))      {         fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to register namespaces list \"%s\"\n", nsList);         xmlXPathFreeContext(xpathCtx);          xmlFreeDoc(doc);          return(-1);     }     /* Evaluate xpath expression */     /*进行xpath查找*/     xpathObj = xmlXPathEvalExpression(xpathExpr, xpathCtx);     if(xpathObj == NULL) {         fprintf(stderr,"Error: unable to evaluate xpath expression \"%s\"\n", xpathExpr);         xmlXPathFreeContext(xpathCtx);          xmlFreeDoc(doc);          return(-1);     }     /* Print results */ /*打印查找到的nodes*/     print_xpath_nodes(xpathObj->nodesetval, stdout);     /* Cleanup */     xmlXPathFreeObject(xpathObj);     xmlXPathFreeContext(xpathCtx);      xmlFreeDoc(doc);           return(0); } int register_namespaces(xmlXPathContextPtr xpathCtx, const xmlChar* nsList)  {     printf("=======================\n");     printf("====================%s\n", nsList);     xmlChar* nsListDup;     xmlChar* prefix;     xmlChar* href;     xmlChar* next;          assert(xpathCtx);     assert(nsList); //    nsListDup = nsList;     nsListDup = xmlStrdup(nsList);     if(nsListDup == NULL)      {         fprintf(stderr, "Error: unable to strdup namespaces list\n");         return(-1);      }          next = nsListDup;      printf("====================%s\n", next);     while(next != NULL)      {         /* skip spaces */         while((*next) == ' ') next++;         if((*next) == '\0') break;     /* find prefix */     /*分离出前缀*/         prefix = next;         next = (xmlChar*)xmlStrchr(next, '=');         printf("next ================= [%s]\n",next);         if(next == NULL)          {             fprintf(stderr,"Error: invalid namespaces list format\n");             xmlFree(nsListDup);             return(-1);          }         *(next++) = '\0';      /*得到后缀*/     /* find href */         href = next;         next = (xmlChar*)xmlStrchr(next, ' ');         if(next != NULL)          {          *(next++) = '\0';          }     /* do register namespace */     /*根前缀和后缀注册到相关到Context上面*/         if(xmlXPathRegisterNs(xpathCtx, prefix, href) != 0)         {              fprintf(stderr,"Error: unable to register NS with prefix=\"%s\" and href=\"%s\"\n", prefix, href);              xmlFree(nsListDup);              return(-1);          }         printf("====unable to register NS with prefix=\"%s\" and href=\"%s\"\n", prefix, href);     }          xmlFree(nsListDup);     return(0); } void print_xpath_nodes(xmlNodeSetPtr nodes, FILE* output)  {     xmlNodePtr cur;     int size;     int i;          assert(output);     size = (nodes) ? nodes->nodeNr : 0;          fprintf(output, "Result (%d nodes):\n", size);     for(i = 0; i < size; ++i)      {         assert(nodes->nodeTab[i]);     if(nodes->nodeTab[i]->type == XML_NAMESPACE_DECL)      {         xmlNsPtr ns;               ns = (xmlNsPtr)nodes->nodeTab[i];         cur = (xmlNodePtr)ns->next;         if(cur->ns)          {              fprintf(output, "= namespace \"%s\"=\"%s\" for node %s:%s\n",              ns->prefix, ns->href, cur->ns->href, cur->name);         }          else          {              fprintf(output, "= namespace \"%s\"=\"%s\" for node %s\n",               ns->prefix, ns->href, cur->name);         }     }      else if(nodes->nodeTab[i]->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE)      {          cur = nodes->nodeTab[i];                   if(cur->ns) {               fprintf(output, "= element node \"%s:%s\"\n",        cur->ns->href, cur->name);      } else {              fprintf(output, "= ===element node \"%s\" %s\n",        cur->name, xmlNodeGetContent(cur));      } } else {      cur = nodes->nodeTab[i];          fprintf(output, "= node \"%s\": type %d\n", cur->name, cur->type); }     } } #else int main(void) {     fprintf(stderr, "XPath support not compiled in\n");     exit(1); } #endif