c_c++ ：字符处理

头文件： cctype    (ctype.h)

说明： 字符处理库
功能一：字符测试
1> 函数原型均为int isxxxx(int)
2> 参数为int, 任何实参均被提升成整型
3> 只能正确处理处于[0, 127]之间的值
 

功能二：字符映射
1> 函数原型为int toxxxx(int)
2> 对参数进行检测, 若符合范围则转换, 否则不变

For the first set, here is a map of how theoriginal 127-character ASCII set is considered by each function (an x indicatesthat the function returns true on that character)

ASCII values

characters

iscntrl

isspace

isupper

islower

isalpha

isdigit

isxdigit

isalnum

ispunct

isgraph

isprint

0x00 .. 0x08

NUL, (other control codes)

x

0x09 .. 0x0D

(white-space control codes: '\t','\f','\v','\n','\r')

x

x

0x0E .. 0x1F

(other control codes)

x

0x20

space (' ')

x

x

0x21 .. 0x2F

!"#$%&'()*+,-./

x

x

x

0x30 .. 0x39

01234567890

x

x

x

x

x

0x3a .. 0x40

:;<=>?@

x

x

x

0x41 .. 0x46

ABCDEF

x

x

x

x

x

x

0x47 .. 0x5A

GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

x

x

x

x

x

0x5B .. 0x60

[\]^_`

x

x

x

0x61 .. 0x66

abcdef

x

x

x

x

x

x

0x67 .. 0x7A

ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

x

x

x

x

x

0x7B .. 0x7E

{|}~

x

x

x

0x7F

(DEL)