2024牛客寒假算法基础集训营6

A. 宇宙的终结

暴力找 [ 1 , 100 ] [1,100] [1,100]中的三个素数乘积,时间复杂度 O ( n 3 l o g n ) O(n^3logn) O(n3logn)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int pd(int x)
{
    for(int i = 2;i <= sqrt(x);i++)
    {
        if(x % i == 0)
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}
void solve()
{
    int l, r;
    cin >> l >> r;
    for(int i = 2;i <= 100;i++)
    {
        for(int j = i + 1;j <= 100;j++)
        {
            for(int k = j + 1;k <= 100;k++)
            {
                if(pd(i) && pd(j) && pd(k) && i * j * k >= l && i * j * k <= r)
                {
                    cout << i * j * k << '\n';
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    cout << "-1" << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

B. 爱恨的纠葛

先使一个数组有序,然后对于另一个数组中的每个元素,二分找到与它最接近的那个值,时间复杂度 O ( n l o g n ) O(nlogn) O(nlogn)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int a[N], b[N];
void solve()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cin >> a[i];
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cin >> b[i];
    sort(a+1,a+n+1);
    int t1, t2, ans = INF;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        int l = 1, r = n;
        int res = INF, pos;
        while(l <= r)
        {
            int mid = (l + r) / 2;
            if(a[mid] > b[i])
            r = mid - 1;
            else
            l = mid + 1;
            if(abs(a[mid] - b[i]) < res)
            {
                res = abs(a[mid] - b[i]);
                pos = mid;
            }
        }
        if(res < ans)
        {
            ans = res;
            t1 = i;
            t2 = pos;
        }
    }
    swap(a[t1], a[t2]);
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cout << a[i] << " ";
    cout << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

C. 心绪的解剖

1 0 9 10^9 109以内的斐波那契数不超过五十个,可以直接暴力查找,时间复杂度 O ( 50 n ) O(50n) O(50n)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int f[N];
void solve()
{
    int m = 0;
    f[0] = 0;
    f[1] = 1;
    for(int i = 2;i <= 1e6;i++)
    {
        f[i] = f[i - 1] + f[i - 2];
        if(f[i] > 1e9)
        {
            m = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    f[1] = 0;
    int q;
    cin >> q;
    while(q--)
    {
        int n;
        cin >> n;
        int cnt = 0;
        vector<int> ans;
        for(int i = m;i >= 1;i--)
        {
            if(f[i] <= n)
            {
                ans.push_back(f[i]);
                n -= f[i];
                cnt++;
                i++;
            }
            if(cnt == 3)
            break;
        }
        if(n == 0)
        {
            for(auto u : ans)
            cout << u << " ";
            cout << '\n';
        }
        else
        cout << "-1" << '\n';
    }
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

D. 友谊的套路

小红让二追三和被让二追三两种情况的概率之和,时间复杂度 O ( 1 ) O(1) O(1)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
void solve()
{
    double p;
    cin >> p;
    double t1 = 1, t2 = 1;
    t1 = t1 * (1 - p) * (1 - p) * p * p * p;
    t2 = t2 * p * p * (1 - p) * (1 - p) * (1 - p);
    double ans = t1 + t2;
    cout << fixed << setprecision(6) << ans << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

E. 未来的预言

遍历字符串,看哪只队伍先达到预期局数,时间复杂度 O ( x ) O(x) O(x)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
void solve()
{
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    int now = 0;
    for(int i = 2;i < s.size();i++)
    now = now * 10 + s[i] - '0';
    now = now / 2 + 1;
    string ss;
    cin >> ss;
    int t1 = 0, t2 = 0;
    for(int i = 0;i < ss.size();i++)
    {
        if(ss[i] == 'R')
        t1++;
        else
        t2++;
        if(t1 == now)
        {
            cout << "kou!" << '\n';
            cout << t1 + t2 << '\n';
            return;
        }
        else if(t2 == now)
        {
            cout << "yukari!" << '\n';
            cout << t1 + t2 << '\n';
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "to be continued." << '\n';
    cout << t1 + t2 << '\n';
    return;
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

F. 命运的抉择

并查集,从第一个数开始,找其他元素中含有相同因子的数,如果找到则加入并查集,值得注意的是,每次找完某个因子要及时清空,不然最后一起清空的时候会超时,时间复杂度 O ( n l o g n ) O(nlogn) O(nlogn)

(我说比赛的时候时间被卡的这么厉害,原来是我菜)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
vector<vector<int> > p(1e6 + 10);
int a[N];
void solve()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<int> x, y, vis(n + 5);
    vector<vector<int> > pri(n + 1);
    for(int ii = 1;ii <= n;ii++)
    {
        cin >> a[ii];
        if(a[ii] == 1)
        {
            pri[ii].push_back(1);
            p[1].push_back(ii);
            continue;
        }
        int j = a[ii];
        for(int i = 2;i <= j / i;i++)
        {
            if(j % i == 0)
            {
                pri[ii].push_back(i);
                p[i].push_back(ii);
                while(j % i == 0)
                j /= i;
            }
        }
        if(j > 1)
        {
            pri[ii].push_back(j);
            p[j].push_back(ii);
        }
    }
    // for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    // {
    //     for(auto u : pri[i])
    //     {
    //         cout << u << '\n';
    //         for(auto q : p[u])
    //         cout << q << " ";
    //     }
    //     cout << '\n';
    // }
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(1);
    vis[1] = 1;
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        int k = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(auto i : pri[k])
        {
            for(auto j : p[i])
            {
                if(!vis[j])
                {
                    q.push(j);
                    vis[j] = 1;
                }
            }
            p[i].clear();
        }
    }
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        if(vis[i])
        x.push_back(a[i]);
        else
        y.push_back(a[i]);
    }
    if(y.size() == 0)
    cout << "-1 -1" << '\n';
    else
    {
        cout << x.size() << " " << y.size() << '\n';
        for(auto u : x)
        cout << u << " ";
        cout << '\n';
        for(auto u : y)
        cout << u << " ";
        cout << '\n';
    }
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        for(auto u : pri[i])
        p[u].clear();
        pri[i].clear();
    }
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

G. 人生的起落

先构造一个形如 2121212... 2121212... 2121212...的数组,如果达到 k k k个后用 1 1 1填补。如果构造完都没达到 k k k的个数要求或者构造完后总数大于 S S S则不行

构造完之后,记差值 c c c s u m − S sum - S sumS,如果最后一个 2 2 2不在 n n n的位置上,那我们就把 c c c全加在后面的某个 1 1 1上,如果在 n n n的位置上,要看 c c c是否能让每个 2 2 2至少分到 1 1 1,如果可以,那么无论如何也能构造成功,因为平均分给每个 2 2 2后,多出来的部分可以再分摊给里面的 1 1 1,只要保证加完后的 1 1 1不超过其两边的数字即可,时间复杂度 O ( n ) O(n) O(n)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int ans[N];
void solve()
{
    int n, s, k;
    cin >> n >> s >> k;
    int cnt = 0, pos = 1;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        if(k == 0)
        {
            ans[i] = 1;
            cnt++;
        }
        else
        {
            if(i % 2 == 1)
            {
                ans[i] = 2;
                if(i > 1)
                k--;
                if(k == 0)
                pos = i;
            }
            else
            ans[i] = 1;
            cnt += ans[i];
        }
    }
    if(k > 0)
    {
        cout << "-1" << '\n';
        return;
    }
    if(cnt > s)
    {
        cout << "-1" << '\n';
        return;
    }
    if(pos == n)
    {
        int c = s - cnt;
        if(c < n / 2 + 1 && c > 0)
        {
            cout << "-1" << '\n';
            return;
        }
        int tt = c / (n / 2 + 1);
        int sy = c - tt * (n / 2 + 1);
        for(int i = n;i >= 1;i--)
        {
            if(i % 2 == 1)
            ans[i] += tt;
            else
            {
                int jia = min(sy, tt);
                ans[i] += jia;
                sy -= jia;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    ans[pos + 1] += s - cnt;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cout << ans[i] << " ";
    cout << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

I. 时空的交织

分别求出 a a a数组和 b b b数组的最大连续子串和和最小连续子串和,答案就是两两相乘中的最大值,时间复杂度 O ( n ) O(n) O(n)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int a[N], b[N];
void solve()
{
    int n, m;
    cin >> n >> m;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cin >> a[i];
    for(int i = 1;i <= m;i++)
    cin >> b[i];
    int mx1 = a[1], mn1 = a[1];
    int res = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        res += a[i];
        mx1 = max(mx1, res);
        if(res < 0)
        res = 0;
    }
    res = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    {
        res += a[i];
        mn1 = min(mn1, res);
        if(res > 0)
        res = 0;
    }
    //cout << mx1 << " " << mn1 << '\n';
    int mx2 = b[1], mn2 = b[1];
    res = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i <= m;i++)
    {
        res += b[i];
        mx2 = max(mx2, res);
        if(res < 0)
        res = 0;
    }
    res = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i <= m;i++)
    {
        res += b[i];
        mn2 = min(mn2, res);
        if(res > 0)
        res = 0;
    }
    //cout << mx2 << " " << mn2 << '\n';
    int t1 = max(mx1 * mx2, mx1 * mn2);
    int t2 = max(mn1 * mn2, mn1 * mx2);
    cout << max(t1, t2) << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}

J. 绝妙的平衡

如果一个红色节点的孩子中没有白色节点,说明除了它自己以外的子树节点之和为 3 3 3的倍数,如果再加上它自己,那一定不是 3 3 3的倍数,不符合题意

一开始先给所有节点的权值都赋值为 2 2 2,从叶子结点开始,统计当前节点的子树权值之和,如果当前节点为红色,则进行判断

1. 1. 1.子树权值 % 3 = 0 \%3=0 %3=0,符合题意,不做修改

2. 2. 2.子树权值 % 3 = 1 \%3=1 %3=1,把当前节点权值修改为 1 1 1即可

3. 3. 3.子树权值 % 3 = 2 \%3=2 %3=2,把当前节点和它的一个白色节点的孩子都修改为 1 1 1

时间复杂度 O ( n l o g n ) O(nlogn) O(nlogn)

(我说比赛的时候真是脑子抽抽了吧,什么都写不出来)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define YES "YES"
#define NO "NO"
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef __int128 lll;
typedef __uint128_t ulll;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const int N = 2e6 + 10;
const int INF = 1e16;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
mt19937_64 rng(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int n, flag;
string s;
vector<int> G[N];
int a[N];
void dfs1(int now)
{
    int cnt = 0;
    for(auto u : G[now])
    {
        if(s[u] == 'W')
        cnt++;
        dfs1(u);
    }
    if(cnt == 0 && s[now] == 'R')
    flag = 1;
}
int dfs2(int now)
{
    a[now] = 2;
    int tot = a[now];
    for(auto u : G[now])
    {
        tot += dfs2(u);
    }
    if(s[now] == 'R')
    {
        if(tot % 3 == 1)
        a[now] = 1;
        else if(tot % 3 == 2)
        {
            a[now] = 1;
            for(auto u : G[now])
            {
                if(s[u] == 'W')
                {
                    a[u] = 1;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        tot = 3;
    }
    return tot;
}
void solve()
{
    cin >> n;
    cin >> s;
    s = " " + s;
    for(int i = 2;i <= n;i++)
    {
        int u;
        cin >> u;
        G[u].push_back(i);
    }
    dfs1(1);
    if(flag)
    {
        cout << "-1" << '\n';
        return;
    }
    dfs2(1);
    for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
    cout << a[i];
    cout << '\n';
}
signed main()
{
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);
    int t = 1;
    //cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    solve();
    return 0;
}
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