连接池
传统的JDBC操作需要频繁的Connection开启和关闭,这耗费大量的时间和性能,而连接池技术可以很好的改善这一问题。
连接池可以使连接对象重复使用,需要使用时从池子中取出一个空闲的连接对象即可,避免了连接对象的频繁创建,断开时只需要断开与连接池的连接。
我们通过数据源(javax.sql.DataSource)可以管理连接池。
(dataSource.getConnection())
Tomcat-dbcp
tomcat-dbcp:
在tomcat的conf下context.xml文件添加 Resource 标签:
<Resource name="dataSource" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" maxActive="400"
maxIdle="20" maxWait="5000" username="scott" password="tiger" driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"
url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL"/>
参考参数:
然后在web.xml指定Resource
<resource-ref>
<res-ref-name>dataSource</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
Test:
dbcp.jsp---->Servlet(获取Connection,并打印)
dbcp.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="Servlet">获取Connection</a>
</body>
</html>
tomctDbcp 获取Connection
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
public class tomcatDbcp {
public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
//创建Context对象
Context context = new InitialContext();
//扫描Context 前缀"java:comp/env/"
DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) context.lookup("java:comp/env/dataSource");
//获取连接对象
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
return connection;
}
}
Servlet 打印Connection
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.Connection;
import dbcp.tomcatDbcp;
@WebServlet(name = "Servlet" ,value = "/Servlet")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
Connection connection = tomcatDbcp.getConnection();
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println(connection);
connection.close();
out.close();
}catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
dbcp
需要commons-dbcp.jar, commons-pool.jar, commons-logging.jar包
两种实现方式
1.BasicDataSource(硬编码)
BasicDataSource basicDataSource = new BasicDataSource();
basicDataSource.setDriverClassName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
basicDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL");
basicDataSource.setUsername("scott");
basicDataSource.setPassword("tiger");
basicDataSource.setInitialSize(20);
basicDataSource.setMaxActive(10);
Connection connection = basicDataSource.getConnection();
参考方法
2.BasicDataSourceFactory(配置文件)
通过properties文件
driverclassname=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL
username=scott
password=tiger
initialsize=20
maxactive=10
获取连接对象
InputStream inputStream = new dbcp().getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("dbcpconfig.properties");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(inputStream);
DataSource dataSource = BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
c3p0
数据源: ComboPooledDataSource
c3p0.jar, c3p0-oracle-thin-extras.jar, mchange-commons-java.jar
1.硬编码
ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL");
comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
comboPooledDataSource.setUser("scott");
comboPooledDataSource.setPassword("tiger");
comboPooledDataSource.setCheckoutTimeout(20000);
Connection connection = comboPooledDataSource.getConnection();
2.配置文件 c3p0-config.xml
default是默认设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<c3p0-config>
<default-config>
<property name="driverClass">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL</property>
<property name="user">scott</property>
<property name="password">tiger</property>
<property name="checkoutTimeout">20000</property>
</default-config>
<named-config name="zjj">
<property name="driverClass">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:ORCL</property>
<property name="user">scott</property>
<property name="password">tiger</property>
<property name="checkoutTimeout">30000</property>
</named-config>
</c3p0-config>
//ComboPooledDataSource(name);name为xml自定义的name( <named-config name="zjj">)
ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource("zjj");
Connection connection = comboPooledDataSource.getConnection();