MySQL——多表查询

一、创建素材

创建student表

CREATE  TABLE  student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4)  ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50) 
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

创建score表

CREATE  TABLE  score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85)

二、练习

1.查询student表的所有记录

select * from student;

2.查询student表的第2条到4条记录

select * from student where id between 902 and 904;

3.从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

select id,name,department from student;

4.从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息

select * from student where department='计算机系' or department='英语系';

5.从student表中查询年龄30~33岁的学生信息

select * from student where year(now())-birth between 30 and 33;

6.从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

select department,count(1) from student group by department;

7.从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

select c_name,max(grade) from score group by c_name;

8.查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

select c_name,grade from score where stu_id in (select id from studentwhere name='李四');
#内连接
select c_name,grade from score b,student a 
-> where a.id=b.stu_id
-> and a.name='李四';

 select c_name,grade from score b inner join student a on a.id=b.stu_id and a.name='李四';

9.用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

select * from student,score where student.id=score.stu_id;
# select a.name,b.* from student a,(select stu_id,sum(grade) from score group by stu_id) b where a.id=b.stu_id;
#内连接 select a.name,b.* from student a inner join (select stu_id,sum(grade) from score group by stu_id) b on a.id=b.stu_id;

10.计算每个学生的总成绩

select a.name,b.* from student a,(select stu_id,sum(grade) from score group by stu_id) b where a.id=b.stu_id;

11.计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

select c_name,avg(grade) from score group by c_name;

12.查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

mysql> select * from student
    -> where id in(
    -> select stu_id from score
    -> where c_name='计算机' and grade<95);

13.查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

mysql> select * from student
    -> where id in (
    -> select b.stu_id from score b,score c where b.stu_id=c.stu_id and b.c_name='计算机' and
c.c_name='英语');

14.将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

mysql> select * from score where c_name='计算机'
    -> order by grade desc;

15.从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

mysql> select id from student
    -> union select stu_id from score;

16.查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

mysql> select student.id,name,department,c_name,grade from student, score
    -> where (name like '张%' or name like '王%')and student.id=score.stu_id;

17.查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

mysql> select student.id,name,year(now())-birth,department,address,c_name,grade from student, score
    -> where address like '湖南%' and student.id=score.stu_id;