211. 添加与搜索单词 - 数据结构设计（JS实现）

1 题目

设计一个支持以下两种操作的数据结构：
void addWord(word)
bool search(word)
search(word) 可以搜索文字或正则表达式字符串，字符串只包含字母 . 或 a-z 。 . 可以表示任何一个字母。
示例:
addWord(“bad”)
addWord(“dad”)
addWord(“mad”)
search(“pad”) -> false
search(“bad”) -> true
search(".ad") -> true
search(“b…”) -> true
说明:
你可以假设所有单词都是由小写字母 a-z 组成的。

链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/add-and-search-word-data-structure-design

2 思路

这道题还是用字典树的方法来存储单词，每个节点维护一个指针数组，搜索时若遇到小数点，则递归遍历当前数组所有指针进行下一步搜索

3代码

/**
 * Initialize your data structure here.
 */
var WordDictionary = function() {
    this.startIndex = 'a'.charCodeAt();
    this.root = new Node();
};

/**
 * Adds a word into the data structure. 
 * @param {string} word
 * @return {void}
 */
WordDictionary.prototype.addWord = function(word) {
    if (word.length === 0) return;

    let p = this.root;
    for (let letter of word) {
        let index = letter.charCodeAt() - this.startIndex;
        if (!p.list[index]) {
            p.list[index] = new Node();
        }

        p = p.list[index];
    }

    p.word = word;
};

/**
 * Returns if the word is in the data structure. A word could contain the dot character '.' to represent any one letter. 
 * @param {string} word
 * @return {boolean}
 */
WordDictionary.prototype.search = function(word) {
    if (word.length === 0) return false;

    return this.d(this.root, word);

};

WordDictionary.prototype.d = function(p, word) {
   if (!p) return false;
   if (word === '') return !!p.word;
   
   let letter = word[0];
    
   if (letter === '.') {
       for (let i=0; i<p.list.length; i++) {
           if (p.list[i] && this.d(p.list[i], word.slice(1))) {
               return true;
           }
       }
       return false;
   } else {
       let index = letter.charCodeAt() - this.startIndex;
       p = p.list[index];
       return this.d(p, word.slice(1));
   }
}

function Node() {
    this.list = [];
    this.word = null;
}

/**
 * Your WordDictionary object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * var obj = new WordDictionary()
 * obj.addWord(word)
 * var param_2 = obj.search(word)
 */