使用flume
解压apache-flume-1.6.0-bin.tar.gz
然后进入flume的目录,修改conf下的flume-env.sh,在里面配置JAVA_HOME
根据数据采集的需求配置采集方案,描述在配置文件中(文件名可任意自定义)
指定采集方案配置文件,在相应的节点上启动flume agent
配置dir-hdfs.conf 【配置里面参数的后面不能再有注释,否则会被认成配置值,可以另起一行】
#定义三大组件的名称
ag1.sources = source1
ag1.sinks = sink1
ag1.channels = channel1
# 配置source组件
ag1.sources.source1.type = spooldir
ag1.sources.source1.spoolDir = /root/log/
ag1.sources.source1.fileSuffix=.FINISHED
ag1.sources.source1.deserializer.maxLineLength=5120
# 配置sink组件
ag1.sinks.sink1.type = hdfs
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.path =hdfs://hdp-01:9000/access_log/%y-%m-%d/%H-%M
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.filePrefix = app_log
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.fileSuffix = .log
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.batchSize= 100
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.writeFormat =Text
## roll:滚动切换:控制写文件的切换规则
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollSize = 512000 ## 按文件体积(字节)来切
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollCount = 1000000 ## 按event条数切
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollInterval = 60 ## 按时间间隔切换文件
## 控制生成目录的规则
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.round = true
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.roundValue = 10
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.roundUnit = minute
ag1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
# channel组件配置
ag1.channels.channel1.type = memory
ag1.channels.channel1.capacity = 500000 ## event条数
ag1.channels.channel1.transactionCapacity = 600 ##flume事务控制所需要的缓存容量600条event,一般要比batchSize大,而且是整数倍。
# 绑定source、channel和sink之间的连接
ag1.sources.source1.channels = channel1
ag1.sinks.sink1.channel = channel1
启动 bin/flume-ng agent -c conf/ -f dir-hdfs.conf -n agent Dflume.root.logger=INFO.console
-c conf 指定flume自身的配置文件所在目录
-f conf/netcat-logger.con 指定我们所描述的采集方案
-n a1 指定我们这个agent的名字
flume采集配置案例--采集目录中的新文件到HDFS中
采集需求:某服务器的某特定目录下,会不断产生新的文件,每当有新文件出现,就需要把文件采集到HDFS中去
根据需求,首先定义以下3大要素
- 数据源组件,即source ——监控文件目录 : spooldir
spooldir特性:
1、监视一个目录,只要目录中出现新文件,就会采集文件中的内容
2、采集完成的文件,会被agent自动添加一个后缀:COMPLETED
3、所监视的目录中不允许重复出现相同文件名的文件
- 下沉组件,即sink——HDFS文件系统 : hdfs sink
- 通道组件,即channel——可用file channel 也可以用内存channel
配置文件参考上面来改
Channel参数解释:
capacity:默认该通道中最大的可以存储的event数量
trasactionCapacity:每次最大可以从source中拿到或者送到sink中的event数量
keep-alive:event添加到通道中或者移出的允许时间
测试阶段,启动flume agent的命令:
bin/flume-ng agent -c ./conf -f ./dir-hdfs.conf -n agent1 -Dflume.root.logger=DEBUG,console |
-D后面跟的是log4j的参数,用于测试观察
生产中,启动flume,应该把flume启动在后台:
nohup bin/flume-ng agent -c ./conf -f ./dir-hdfs.conf -n agent1 1>/dev/null 2>&1 & |
spoolDir是采集的静态文件,
需求:实时产生实时采集
根据需求,首先定义以下3大要素
- 采集源,即source——监控文件内容更新 : exec ‘tail -F file’
- 下沉目标,即sink——HDFS文件系统 : hdfs sink(离线分析放到hdfs,实时分析放到kafka)
- Source和sink之间的传递通道——channel,可用file channel 也可以用 内存channel
配置文件:
tail-hdfs.conf
用tail命令获取数据,下沉到hdfs
启动命令:
bin/flume-ng agent -c conf -f conf/tail-hdfs.conf -n a1
########
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /root/app_weichat_login.log
# Describe the sink
agent1.sinks.sink1.type = hdfs
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.path =hdfs://hdp20-01:9000/app_weichat_login_log/%y-%m-%d/%H-%M
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.filePrefix = weichat_log
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.fileSuffix = .dat
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.batchSize= 100
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.writeFormat =Text
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollSize = 100
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollCount = 1000000
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.rollInterval = 60
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.round = true
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.roundValue = 1
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.roundUnit = minute
agent1.sinks.sink1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
某些情况下,需要对采集的文件先做处理再统一写到hdfs
这就是两个agent级联
第一级的配置:
从tail命令获取数据发送到avro端口
另一个节点可配置一个avro源来中继数据,发送外部存储
##################
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /root/log/access.log
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hdp-05
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k1.batch-size = 2
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
第二级的配置:
从avro端口接收数据,下沉到hdfs
#####
bin/flume-ng agent -c conf -f conf/avro-m-log.conf -n a1 -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
采集配置文件,avro-hdfs.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
##source中的avro组件是一个接收者服务
a1.sources.r1.type = avro
a1.sources.r1.bind = hdp-05
a1.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = /flume/taildata/%y-%m-%d/
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = tail-
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 24
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 0
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 0
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 50
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 10
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#生成的文件类型,默认是Sequencefile,可用DataStream,则为普通文本
a1.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
发送数据:
$ bin/flume-ng avro-client -H localhost -p 4141 -F /usr/logs/log.10
自定义source
(采集数据的时候tail -F读行是没有记录的,如果agent机器挂了,在启动可能会丢失一段数据,需要自定义source去接着读上次挂机时的偏移量,这个偏移量存储在zookeeper)