package test; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLEncoder; public class HttpURLConnectionTest { public static final String GET_URL = "http://localhost:8080/welcome1"; public static final String POST_URL = "http://localhost:8080/welcome1"; public static void readContentFromGet() throws IOException { // 拼凑get请求的URL字串,使用URLEncoder.encode对特殊和不可见字符进行编码 String getURL = GET_URL + "?username=" + URLEncoder.encode("fat man", "utf-8"); URL getUrl = new URL(getURL); // 根据拼凑的URL,打开连接,URL.openConnection函数会根据URL的类型, // 返回不同的URLConnection子类的对象,这里URL是一个http,因此实际返回的是HttpURLConnection HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) getUrl .openConnection(); // 进行连接,但是实际上get request要在下一句的connection.getInputStream()函数中才会真正发到 // 服务器 connection.connect(); // 取得输入流,并使用Reader读取 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( connection.getInputStream())); System.out.println("============================="); System.out.println("Contents of get request"); System.out.println("============================="); String lines; while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(lines); } reader.close(); // 断开连接 connection.disconnect(); System.out.println("============================="); System.out.println("Contents of get request ends"); System.out.println("============================="); } public static void readContentFromPost() throws IOException { // Post请求的url,与get不同的是不需要带参数 URL postUrl = new URL(POST_URL); // 打开连接 HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) postUrl .openConnection(); // Output to the connection. Default is // false, set to true because post // method must write something to the // connection // 设置是否向connection输出,因为这个是post请求,参数要放在 // http正文内,因此需要设为true connection.setDoOutput(true); // Read from the connection. Default is true. connection.setDoInput(true); // Set the post method. Default is GET connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // Post cannot use caches // Post 请求不能使用缓存 connection.setUseCaches(false); // This method takes effects to // every instances of this class. // URLConnection.setFollowRedirects是static函数,作用于所有的URLConnection对象。 // connection.setFollowRedirects(true); // This methods only // takes effacts to this // instance. // URLConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects是成员函数,仅作用于当前函数 connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true); // Set the content type to urlencoded, // because we will write // some URL-encoded content to the // connection. Settings above must be set before connect! // 配置本次连接的Content-type,配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的 // 意思是正文是urlencoded编码过的form参数,下面我们可以看到我们对正文内容使用URLEncoder.encode // 进行编码 connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); // 连接,从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成, // 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。 connection.connect(); DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(connection .getOutputStream()); // The URL-encoded contend // 正文,正文内容其实跟get的URL中'?'后的参数字符串一致 String content = "firstname=" + URLEncoder.encode("一个大肥人", "utf-8"); // DataOutputStream.writeBytes将字符串中的16位的unicode字符以8位的字符形式写道流里面 out.writeBytes(content); out.flush(); out.close(); // flush and close BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( connection.getInputStream())); String line; System.out.println("============================="); System.out.println("Contents of post request"); System.out.println("============================="); while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } System.out.println("============================="); System.out.println("Contents of post request ends"); System.out.println("============================="); reader.close(); connection.disconnect(); } /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { try { readContentFromGet(); readContentFromPost(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }