cron表达式获取上次执行时间和下次执行时间

1、需求

以上是原型。与前端协商，存储就用cron表达式。

案例如下：

//每天
        String cronExpression = "0 37 13 * * ?";

//周
MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN
        String cronExpression = "0 0 14 ? * TUE";

//月
        String cronExpression = "0 22 15 9 * ?";   

业务逻辑中，当前时间于下次执行时间小于等于一分钟，创建任务。并且需要根据cron表达式知道上一次执行时间。二个时间是作为业务逻辑判断的条件。

2、编码

2.1所需资源

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

2.2 下次执行时间与当前时间小于一分钟

    /**
     * corn near one minutes
     * @param cronExpression  corn
     * @param now  current
     * @return true yes
     */
    private static boolean isNextExecutionWithinOneMinute(String cronExpression, Date now) {
        CronTrigger trigger = new CronTrigger(cronExpression);
        TriggerContext context = new SimpleTriggerContext(now, null, null);
        Date nextExecutionTime = trigger.nextExecutionTime(context);
        if (nextExecutionTime == null) {
            return false;
        }
        Duration durationUntilNextExecution = Duration.between(Instant.ofEpochMilli(now.getTime()), Instant.ofEpochMilli(nextExecutionTime.getTime()));
        //精确到毫秒级，durationUntilNextExecution 刚好一分钟才会返回0，多1毫秒，都是大于0
        return durationUntilNextExecution.compareTo(Duration.ofMinutes(1)) <= 0;
    }

这边的now需要传入，因为需要忽略程序执行的毫秒级，所以需要每次对同一个时间进行操作。传入。

2.3&2.4方法参考此文，但是此文中提供的代码存在问题。

我给予修正了，符合自己的项目需求。

2.3 cron表达式与当前时间得出下次执行时间

    public static long getNextTriggerTime(String cron){
        if(!CronExpression.isValidExpression(cron)){
            return 0;
        }
        CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("Caclulate Date").withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron)).build();
        Date time0 = trigger.getStartTime();
        Date time1 = trigger.getFireTimeAfter(time0);
        return time1.getTime();
    }

2.4 cron表达式与当前时间得出上次执行时间

这边我做了调整。扩展循环次数来确保覆盖足够的周期。

    public static long getLastTriggerTime(String cron){
        if(!CronExpression.isValidExpression(cron)){
            return 0;
        }
        CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("Caclulate Date").withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron)).build();
        Date now = trigger.getStartTime();
        Date nextTime = trigger.getFireTimeAfter(now);

        Date preTime = nextTime;
        for (int i = 0; i < 47; i++) {
            Date temp = trigger.getFireTimeAfter(preTime);
            preTime = temp;
        }


        return preTime.getTime() - (trigger.getFireTimeAfter(preTime).getTime() - nextTime.getTime());
    }

3、测试

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        String cronDay = "0 37 13 * * ?";
        System.out.println("Last execution time _ day " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getLastTriggerTime(cronDay)));
        System.out.println("Next execution time _ day " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getNextTriggerTime(cronDay)));


        String cronWeek = "0 0 14 ? * TUE";
        System.out.println("Last execution time _ week " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getLastTriggerTime(cronWeek)));
        System.out.println("Next execution time _ week " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getNextTriggerTime(cronWeek)));

        String cronMonth = "0 22 15 9 * ?";
        System.out.println("Last execution time _ month " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getLastTriggerTime(cronMonth)));
        System.out.println("Next execution time _ month " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(getNextTriggerTime(cronMonth)));
    }

月周日，都在符合预期。