一、主窗口中的工具栏
1、工具栏的概念和意义
(1)、应用程序中集成各种功能实现快捷键使用的一个区域
(2)、工具栏并不是应用程序中必须存在的组件
(3)、工具栏中的元素可以是各种窗口组件
(4)、工具栏的元素通常以图标按钮的方式存在
2、在Qt中提供与工具栏相关的类的组件
3、在Qt主窗口中创建工具栏
4、QToolBar的关键成员函数
5、QToolBar可以加入任意的QWidget组件
1、初探工具栏
MainWindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QtGui/QMainWindow>
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.h
MainWindow.cpp
#include "MainWindow.h"
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QAction>
#include <QIcon>
#include <QSize>
#include <QPushButton>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
/***********************1、创建工具栏并设置相关属性*********************************/
QToolBar* tb = addToolBar("ToolBar");//注意调用的是成员函数而不是构造函数
tb->setMovable(false);
tb->setFloatable(false);
tb->setIconSize(QSize(20, 20));
/***********************2、创建快捷键并设置相关属性*********************************/
QAction* action = new QAction("", NULL);
action->setToolTip("open");
action->setIcon(QIcon(":/Res/pic/open.png"));//注意添加资源文件的方法
/***********************3、将快捷键添加到工具栏*********************************/
tb->addAction(action);
//工具栏中可以添加组件
QPushButton* Btn = new QPushButton();
Btn->setText("Btn");
tb->addWidget(Btn);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
}
MainWindow.cpp
main.cpp
#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include "MainWindow.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
main.cpp
2、NotePad
MainWindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMenuBar>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QAction>
#include <QString>
#include <QtGui/QMainWindow>
#include <QToolBar>
#include <QIcon>
#include <QSize>
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
private:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
MainWindow(const MainWindow& obj);
MainWindow* operator = (const MainWindow& obj);
bool construct();
bool initMenuBar();//菜单栏
bool initToolBar();//工具栏
bool initFileMenu(QMenuBar* mb);//文件菜单
bool initEditMenu(QMenuBar* mb);//编辑菜单
bool initFormatMenu(QMenuBar* mb);//格式菜单
bool initViewMenu(QMenuBar* mb);//视图菜单
bool initHelpMenu(QMenuBar* mb);//帮助菜单
bool initFileToolItem(QToolBar* tb);
bool makeAction(QAction*& action, QString text, int ket);//菜单项
bool makeAction(QAction*& action, QString tip, QString icon);
public:
static MainWindow* NewInstance();
~MainWindow();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.h
MainWindow.cpp
#include "MainWindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
}
bool MainWindow::construct()
{
bool ret = true;
ret = ret && initMenuBar();
ret = ret && initToolBar();
return ret;
}
MainWindow* MainWindow::NewInstance()
{
MainWindow* ret = new MainWindow();
if((ret==NULL) || (!ret->construct()))
{
delete ret;
ret = NULL;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initMenuBar()//菜单栏
{
bool ret = true;
QMenuBar* mb = menuBar();//一定要注意是menuBar(),这是普通成员函数,不是构造函数
ret = ret && initFileMenu(mb);//传一个参数是为了在initFileMenu()函数将menu加入菜单栏
ret = ret && initEditMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initFormatMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initViewMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initHelpMenu(mb);
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initToolBar()//工具栏
{
bool ret = true;
QToolBar* tb = addToolBar("Tool Bar");
tb->setMovable(false);
tb->setFloatable(false);
tb->setIconSize(QSize(16,16));
ret = ret && initFileToolItem(tb);
return ret;
}
/************************************************文件菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initFileMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("File(&F)");//创建文件菜单,(&F)是为了可以Alt+F打开
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//New
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New(&N)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_N);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Open
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open(&O)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_O);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Save
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save(&S)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_S);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Save As
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As(&A)...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//print
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print(&P)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_P);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Exit
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Exit(&X)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);//将菜单项加入到菜单
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);//将菜单加入到菜单栏
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************编辑菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initEditMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Edit(&E)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Undo
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo(&U)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Z);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Redo
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo(&R)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Y);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Cut
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Cut(&T)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_X);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Copy
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Copy(&C)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_C);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Pase
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Pase(&P)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_V);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Delete
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Delete(&L)",Qt::Key_Delete);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Find
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Find(&F)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_F);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Replace
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Replace(&R)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_H);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Goto
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Goto(&G)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_G);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Select All
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Select All(&A)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_A);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************格式菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initFormatMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Format(&O)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Auto Wrap
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Auto Wrap(&W)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Font
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Font(&F)...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************视图菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initViewMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("View(&V)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Tool Bar
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Tool Bar(&T)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Status Bar
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Status Bar(&S)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************帮助菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initHelpMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Help(&H)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//User Manual
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "User Manual",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//About NotePad
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "About NotePad...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initFileToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
bool ret = true;
QAction* action = NULL;
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New", ":/Res/pic/new.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open", ":/Res/pic/open.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save", ":/Res/pic/save.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As", ":/Res/pic/saveas.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print", ":/Res/pic/print.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo", ":/Res/pic/undo.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo", ":/Res/pic/redo.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString text, int key)//菜单项
{
bool ret = true;
action = new QAction(text, NULL);
if(action != NULL)
{
action->setShortcut(QKeySequence(key));//创建快捷键
}
else
{
ret = false;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString tip, QString icon)
{
bool ret = true;
action = new QAction("", NULL);
if(action != NULL)
{
action->setToolTip(tip);
action->setIcon(QIcon(icon));
}
else
{
ret = false;
}
return ret;
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
}
MainWindow.cpp
main.cpp
#include "MainWindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
{
}
bool MainWindow::construct()
{
bool ret = true;
ret = ret && initMenuBar();
ret = ret && initToolBar();
return ret;
}
MainWindow* MainWindow::NewInstance()
{
MainWindow* ret = new MainWindow();
if((ret==NULL) || (!ret->construct()))
{
delete ret;
ret = NULL;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initMenuBar()//菜单栏
{
bool ret = true;
QMenuBar* mb = menuBar();//一定要注意是menuBar(),这是普通成员函数,不是构造函数
ret = ret && initFileMenu(mb);//传一个参数是为了在initFileMenu()函数将menu加入菜单栏
ret = ret && initEditMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initFormatMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initViewMenu(mb);
ret = ret && initHelpMenu(mb);
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initToolBar()//工具栏
{
bool ret = true;
QToolBar* tb = addToolBar("Tool Bar");
tb->setMovable(false);
tb->setFloatable(false);
tb->setIconSize(QSize(16,16));
ret = ret && initFileToolItem(tb);
return ret;
}
/************************************************文件菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initFileMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("File(&F)");//创建文件菜单,(&F)是为了可以Alt+F打开
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//New
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New(&N)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_N);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Open
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open(&O)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_O);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Save
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save(&S)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_S);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Save As
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As(&A)...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//print
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print(&P)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_P);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Exit
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Exit(&X)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);//将菜单项加入到菜单
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);//将菜单加入到菜单栏
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************编辑菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initEditMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Edit(&E)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Undo
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo(&U)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Z);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Redo
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo(&R)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_Y);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Cut
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Cut(&T)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_X);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Copy
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Copy(&C)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_C);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Pase
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Pase(&P)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_V);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Delete
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Delete(&L)",Qt::Key_Delete);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Find
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Find(&F)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_F);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Replace
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Replace(&R)...",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_H);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Goto
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Goto(&G)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_G);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Select All
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Select All(&A)",Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_A);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************格式菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initFormatMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Format(&O)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Auto Wrap
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Auto Wrap(&W)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Font
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Font(&F)...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************视图菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initViewMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("View(&V)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//Tool Bar
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Tool Bar(&T)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//Status Bar
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Status Bar(&S)",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
/************************************************帮助菜单********************************************************/
bool MainWindow::initHelpMenu(QMenuBar* mb)
{
bool ret = true;
QMenu* menu = new QMenu("Help(&H)");
ret = (menu != NULL);
if(ret)
{
QAction* action = NULL;
//User Manual
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "User Manual",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
menu->addSeparator();
//About NotePad
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "About NotePad...",0);
if(ret)
{
menu->addAction(action);
}
}
if(ret)
{
mb->addMenu(menu);
}
else
{
delete mb;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::initFileToolItem(QToolBar* tb)
{
bool ret = true;
QAction* action = NULL;
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "New", ":/Res/pic/new.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Open", ":/Res/pic/open.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save", ":/Res/pic/save.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Save As", ":/Res/pic/saveas.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Print", ":/Res/pic/print.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Undo", ":/Res/pic/undo.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
ret = ret && makeAction(action, "Redo", ":/Res/pic/redo.png");
if(ret)
{
tb->addAction(action);
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString text, int key)//菜单项
{
bool ret = true;
action = new QAction(text, NULL);
if(action != NULL)
{
action->setShortcut(QKeySequence(key));//创建快捷键
}
else
{
ret = false;
}
return ret;
}
bool MainWindow::makeAction(QAction*& action, QString tip, QString icon)
{
bool ret = true;
action = new QAction("", NULL);
if(action != NULL)
{
action->setToolTip(tip);
action->setIcon(QIcon(icon));
}
else
{
ret = false;
}
return ret;
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
}
MainWindow.cpp
二、小结
(1)、工具栏是集成各种功能实现快捷键使用的一个区域
(2)、Qt中通过QToolBar进行工具栏的创建
(3)、QToolBar可以加入任意的QWidget组件
(4)、QToolBar中的元素通常以图标按钮的方式存在