DAO设计模式

DAO模式的作用

隔离业务逻辑代码和数据访问代码
隔离不同数据库的实现

DAO设计模式的组成

DAO模式的组成部分
DAO接口
DAO实现类
实体类
数据库连接和关闭工具类

 

 示例代码:

对学生表实现逻辑与数据分离

1.建立propertise文件记录数据库连接

//jdbc驱动
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
//数据库及服务器
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/study?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
user=root
pwd=123456

2.建立student实体类:

package com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.vo;

import java.sql.Timestamp;

public class Student {
	private String sno;
	private String sname;
	private String ssex;
	private Timestamp sbirthday;
	private String sclass;
	public String getSno() {
		return sno;
	}
	public void setSno(String sno) {
		this.sno = sno;
	}
	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}
	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}
	public String getSsex() {
		return ssex;
	}
	public void setSsex(String ssex) {
		this.ssex = ssex;
	}
	public Timestamp getSbirthday() {
		return sbirthday;
	}
	public void setSbirthday(Timestamp sbirthday) {
		this.sbirthday = sbirthday;
	}
	public String getSclass() {
		return sclass;
	}
	public void setSclass(String sclass) {
		this.sclass = sclass;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [sno=" + sno + ", sname=" + sname + ", ssex=" + ssex + ", sbirthday=" + sbirthday + ", sclass="
				+ sclass + "]";
	}
	
}

3.建立工具类Util:

建立链接关闭方法

package com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.util;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.util.Util;

public class DbUtil {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException {
		getConnection();
	}
	//关闭数据库相关链接
	public static void closeSql(AutoCloseable...stream){
		for (AutoCloseable closeable : stream) {
			try {
				closeable.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	//获取链接
	public static Connection getConnection() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException{
		//从文件中读取配置信息
		Properties pro = new Properties();
		//该方法是将将properties内的内容读取出来
		InputStream is = DbUtil.class.getResourceAsStream("/db.properties");
		pro.load(is);
                //关闭资源
		Util.closeStream(is);
		//加载驱动
		Class.forName(pro.getProperty("driver"));
		//建立数据库链接
		Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(pro.getProperty("url"),pro.getProperty("user"), pro.getProperty("pwd"));
		return con;
	}
}

basedao设计建立BaseDao

package com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.util;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class BaseDao {
	/*basedao:
	 *queryAll
	 *适用于查询所有表的内容
	 */
          //创建方法泛型,形参sql语句,对象
	public static <T>List<T> queryAll(String sql,Class<T> clazz){
		Connection con = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
		try {
                 //调用方法建立数据库链接
			con = DbUtil.getConnection();
                 //执行查询语句
			ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);
                 //获取结果
			rs = ps.executeQuery();
                 //遍历拿出数据
			while(rs.next()){
				//生成用于存储数据的对象
				Object obj = clazz.newInstance();
				//获取对象的属性列表
				Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
				//遍历,为每一个属性赋值
				for (Field field : fields) {
					//获取属性名
					String fName = field.getName();
					//从结果集中获取该属性名对应字段的值
					Object value = rs.getObject(fName);
					//将值放到对象里
					field.setAccessible(true);//将属性的访问权限暂时改为public
					field.set(obj, value);
				}
				list.add((T) obj);
			}
			
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			DbUtil.closeSql(con,rs,ps);
		}
		return list;
	}
	
}

解疑链接:new和newInstance联系与区别

4.建立测试

package com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.dao;


import java.util.List;


import com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.util.DbUtil;
import com.jdbc_stu.dao_design.vo.Student;

public class StudentDao {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<Student> list = dao.queryAll("select sname,ssex from student");
		System.out.println(list);
	}
}