黑马程序员_面试题(一)交通灯管理系统

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【Road类】：

每个Road对象都有一个name成员变量来代表方向，有一个vehicles成员变量来代表方向上的车辆集合。

在Road对象的构造方法中启动一个线程每隔一个随机的时间向vehicles集合中增加一辆车（用一个“路线名_id”形式的字符串进行表示）。

在Road对象的构造方法中启动一个定时器，每隔一秒检查该方向上的灯是否为绿，是则打印车辆集合和将集合中的第一辆车移除掉。

 

public class Road {

      privateArrayList<String> vehicles = new ArrayList<String>();

      private String name;

    

      public Road(Stringname){

           this.name = name;

           ExecutorServicepool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();

           pool.execute(newRunnable(){

                 public voidrun(){

                      for(inti=1;i<1000;i++){

                           try {

                                 Thread.sleep((new Random().nextInt(10) + 1) * 1000);

                            }catch (InterruptedException e) {

                                 e.printStackTrace();

                            }

                           vehicles.add(Road.this.name + "_" + i);

                      }                   

                 }        

           });

         

          ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);

          timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(

                      newRunnable(){

                           public void run(){

                                 if(vehicles.size()>0){

                                       booleanstatus = Lamp.valueOf(Road.this.name).getStatus();

                                      if(status){

                                            System.out.println(vehicles.remove(0) + " is traversing !");

                                       }

                                  }

                                

                            }

                      },

                      1,

                      1,

                     TimeUnit.SECONDS);

      }

}

 

【Lamp类】：

系统中有12个方向上的灯，在程序的其他地方要根据灯的名称就可以获得对应的灯的实例对象，综合这些因素，将Lamp类用java5中的枚举形式定义更为简单。

每个Lamp对象中的亮黑状态用lighted变量表示，选用S2N、S2W、E2W、E2N这四个方向上的Lamp对象依次轮询变亮，Lamp对象中还要有一个oppositeLampName变量来表示它们相反方向的灯，再用一个nextLampName变量来表示此灯变亮后的下一个变亮的灯。这三个变量用构造方法的形式进行赋值，因为枚举元素必须在定义之后引用，所以无法再构造方法中彼此相互引用，所以，相反方向和下一个方向的灯用字符串形式表示。 

增加让Lamp变亮和变黑的方法：light和blackOut，对于S2N、S2W、E2W、E2N这四个方向上的Lamp对象，这两个方法内部要让相反方向的灯随之变亮和变黑，blackOut方法还要让下一个灯变亮。

除了S2N、S2W、E2W、E2N这四个方向上的Lamp对象之外，其他方向上的Lamp对象的nextLampName和oppositeLampName属性设置为null即可，并且S2N、S2W、E2W、E2N这四个方向上的Lamp对象的nextLampName和oppositeLampName属性必须设置为null，以便防止light和blackOut进入死循环。

public enum Lamp {

     S2N("N2S","S2W",false),S2W("N2E","E2W",false),E2W("W2E","E2S",false),E2S("W2N","S2N",false),

     N2S(null,null,false),N2E(null,null,false),W2E(null,null,false),W2N(null,null,false),    

     S2E(null,null,true),E2N(null,null,true),N2W(null,null,true),W2S(null,null,true);

    

      private Lamp(Stringcomposite,String nextLamp,boolean status){

           this.opposite =composite;

           this.nextLamp =nextLamp;

           this.status =status;

      }

      public booleangetStatus(){

           return status;

      }

      public voidsetStatus(boolean status){

           this.status =status;

      }

      public LampgetNextLamp(){

           return Lamp.valueOf(this.nextLamp);

      }

    

      public voidturnStatus(){

           if (getStatus()) {

                setStatus(false);

                System.out.println(this.name()+"turns from green to red");

                 if (opposite!= null) {//一定要判断，否则进入无限递归

                     Lamp.valueOf(opposite).turnStatus();

                 }

                 if(nextLamp!= null){ //一定要判断，否则进入无限递归

                     Lamp.valueOf(nextLamp).turnStatus();

                 }

                           

           }else{

                setStatus(true);

                System.out.println(this.name()+"turns from red to green");

                 if (opposite!= null) {//一定要判断，否则进入无限递归

                     Lamp.valueOf(opposite).turnStatus();       

                 }

           }

      }

 

      //注释掉的部分是张老师的原来代码，我讲light和blackOut方法整合成了turnStatus函数

     / *public void light(){

         this.status = true;

         if(opposite != null){

             Lamp.valueOf(opposite).light();

         }

        System.out.println(name() + " lamp is green");

       

     }

   

 

     public Lamp blackOut(){

         this.status = false;

         if(opposite != null){

             Lamp.valueOf(opposite).blackOut();

         }      

       

         Lamp tempnextLamp=null;

         if(nextLamp != null){

              tempnextLamp =Lamp.valueOf(nextLamp);

             System.out.println("" + name() + "-------->" +nextLamp);           

             tempnextLamp.light();

         }

         return tempnextLamp;

     }* /

    

      private String opposite=null;

      private String nextLamp= null;

      private boolean status =false;

}

 

【LampController类】：

整个系统中只能有一套交通灯控制系统，所以，LampController类最好是设计成单例。

LampController构造方法中要设定第一个为绿的灯。

LampController对象的start方法中将当前灯变绿，然后启动一个定时器，每隔10秒将当前灯变红和将下一个灯变绿。

public class LampController {

      private LampcurrentLamp;

    

      public LampController(){

           currentLamp =Lamp.S2N;

          currentLamp.turnStatus();

          //currentLamp.light();

         

          ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);

          timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(

                      newRunnable(){

                           public  void run(){

                                currentLamp.turnStatus();

                                 currentLamp = currentLamp.getNextLamp();

                                 //currentLamp = currentLamp.blackOut();

                      }

                      },

                      10,

                      10,

                     TimeUnit.SECONDS);

      }

}

 

【MainClass类】：

l

用for循环创建出代表12条路线的对象。

l

接着再获得LampController对象并调用其start方法。

public class MainClass {

 

      public static voidmain(String[] args) {

           String[] directions= new String[]{

                     "S2N","S2W","E2W","E2S",

                     "N2S","N2E","W2E","W2N",  

                     "S2E","E2N","N2W","W2S"

           };

           for (String str:directions) {

                 newRoad(str);

           }

            new LampController();

      }

}