Description:
TinyURL is a URL shortening service where you enter a URL such as https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl and it returns a short URL such as http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk.
Design the encode and decode methods for the TinyURL service. There is no restriction on how your encode/decode algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a URL can be encoded to a tiny URL and the tiny URL can be decoded to the original URL.
设计一个短域名的编码和解码和解码方法,例如长域名https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl 对应的短域名是 http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk
Solution
用HashMap来保存长域名和短域名之间的映射关系
public class TinyUrl {
private static final String TINY_URL_BASE = "http://tinyurlbase.com/";
private static final String DIC = "0123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm";
private static final int DIC_LENGTH = DIC.length();
/**
* hash字符串的长度
*/
private static final int HASH_LENGTH = 7;
/**
* 保存hash字符串和url之间的映射关系
*/
private Map<String, String> hashToUrl;
private Map<String, String> urlToHash;
Random random;
public TinyUrl() {
hashToUrl = new HashMap<>();
urlToHash = new HashMap<>();
random = new Random();
}
public String encode(String longUrl){
if (urlToHash.containsKey(longUrl)){
return TINY_URL_BASE + urlToHash.get(longUrl);
}
//随机生成hash值
StringBuilder hashBuilder = new StringBuilder();
do{
for (int i = 0; i < HASH_LENGTH; i++){
random.setSeed(System.nanoTime());
hashBuilder.append(DIC.charAt(random.nextInt(DIC_LENGTH)));
}
}while (hashToUrl.containsKey(hashBuilder.toString()));
hashToUrl.put(hashBuilder.toString(), longUrl);
urlToHash.put(longUrl, hashBuilder.toString());
return TINY_URL_BASE + hashBuilder.toString();
}
public String decode(String shortUrl){
int lastBackslashPos = shortUrl.lastIndexOf('/') + 1;
return hashToUrl.get(shortUrl.substring(lastBackslashPos));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TinyUrl tinyUrl = new TinyUrl();
String shortUrl = tinyUrl.encode("https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl");
String longUrl = tinyUrl.decode(shortUrl);
System.out.println(shortUrl);
System.out.println(longUrl);
}
}