Description
Farmer John and Betsy are playing a game with N (1 <= N <= 30,000)identical cubes labeled 1 through N. They start with N stacks, each containing a single cube. Farmer John asks Betsy to perform P (1<= P <= 100,000) operation. There are two types of operations:
moves and counts.
* In a move operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to move the stack containing cube X on top of the stack containing cube Y.
* In a count operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to count the number of cubes on the stack with cube X that are under the cube X and report that value.
Write a program that can verify the results of the game.
moves and counts.
* In a move operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to move the stack containing cube X on top of the stack containing cube Y.
* In a count operation, Farmer John asks Bessie to count the number of cubes on the stack with cube X that are under the cube X and report that value.
Write a program that can verify the results of the game.
Input
* Line 1: A single integer, P
* Lines 2..P+1: Each of these lines describes a legal operation. Line 2 describes the first operation, etc. Each line begins with a 'M' for a move operation or a 'C' for a count operation. For move operations, the line also contains two integers: X and Y.For count operations, the line also contains a single integer: X.
Note that the value for N does not appear in the input file. No move operation will request a move a stack onto itself.
* Lines 2..P+1: Each of these lines describes a legal operation. Line 2 describes the first operation, etc. Each line begins with a 'M' for a move operation or a 'C' for a count operation. For move operations, the line also contains two integers: X and Y.For count operations, the line also contains a single integer: X.
Note that the value for N does not appear in the input file. No move operation will request a move a stack onto itself.
Output
Print the output from each of the count operations in the same order as the input file.
Sample Input
<span style="font-size:14px;">6 M 1 6 C 1 M 2 4 M 2 6 C 3 C 4 </span>
Sample Output
<span style="font-size:14px;">1 0 2 </span>
<span style="font-size:14px;"></span>
<span style="font-size:14px;color:#006600;">题解:题意:n个方块(n<=30000),p组操作(p<=100000),操作有两种,M a b 将含有a的堆放在包含b的堆上,还有一种是 C a统计a下面有多少个方块, 思路:带权并查集,一堆中最顶上的方块作为父节点,用dist[X] 统计X到父亲节点的距离,rank[fa[X]]表示团的大小,两者相减即为答案。</span>
<span style="font-size:14px;"></span><pre class="cpp" name="code">#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> int n; int per[32000]; int dis[32000];//<span style="color:#009900;">dis[x]表示x到父节点的距离 </span>int rank[32000];//<span style="color:#009900;">rank[x]表示以x为根结点的团的大小 </span>void init() { for(int i=0;i<32000;i++) { per[i]=i; dis[i]=0; rank[i]=1; } } int find(int x) { if(x!=per[x]) { int t=per[x]; per[x]=find(per[x]); dis[x]+=dis[t]; } return per[x]; }//<span style="color:#009900;">在找x根节点的同时,也计算出了x到根节点的距离。</span> int main() { char ch; while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF) { init(); while(n--) { scanf("%c",&ch); getchar(); int x,y,a,b; if(ch=='M') { scanf("%d%d",&a,&b); int fx=find(a); int fy=find(b); if(fx!=fy) { per[fy]=fx;//<span style="color:#009900;">让a的根节点成为b的根节点,实现了含有a的堆放在含有b的堆上面。</span> dis[fy]=rank[fx];//<span style="color:#009900;">计算b的根节点到新根节点的距离 </span> rank[fx]+=rank[fy];//<span style="color:#009900;">计算以fx为根节点的团的大小 </span> } } else { scanf("%d",&a); int fa=find(a); printf("%d\n",rank[fa]-dis[a]-1);//<span style="color:#009900;">a的根节点所在的团的大小 减去 a到根节点的个数 减去 1。</span> } } } return 0; }