Docker 命令-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zl_j_c/article/details/128613313

获取容器/镜像的元数据

docker inspect [容器ID]

进入正在运行的容器

docker exec -it [容器ID] /bin/bash

docker attach [容器ID]

容器内拷贝带主机上

docker cp [容器ID]:[容器文件路径] [主机存储路径]
docker cp 747dd11910bf:/home/test.txt /home

提交容器生成一个新的镜像 (commit镜像创建)

docker commit -m="test_commit" -a="zjj" 2cdca6f5c914 commit_nginx:1.0
-m # 提交描述     
-a # 作者
[root@docker home]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
commit_nginx          1.0                 e5777d289799        34 seconds ago      133MB
redis                 6.2                 bc8d70f9ef6c        11 days ago         105MB
php                   7.3.28-fpm          2692864592ed        11 days ago         399MB
nginx                 1.20.0              7ab27dbbfbdf        12 days ago         133MB
mysql                 5.7.34              2c9028880e58        12 days ago         447MB
portainer/portainer   latest              580c0e4e98b0        2 months ago        79.1MB
centos                7                   8652b9f0cb4c        6 months ago        204MB

卷挂载

-v 卷挂载
-e 环境变量配置

docker run -it -v [主机目录]:[容器目录]
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker run -it -v /home/dock_v:/home centos
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# ll
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 4月  25 15:39 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月  27 11:17 dock_v

# 查看挂载信息
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker inspect e68d989665a7

docker volume ls 查看所有挂载的卷

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker volume ls
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     fc49b532a6d1c618c753a9e85600cd3f4f0c5941551dbb46aae325a85be27008

# 写名字的 , 相对路径
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker run -d -P --name nginx03 -v nginx03:/etc/nginx nginx
61d9628a9659e968fbc1fc37804b8dbef1a193d1a77e7601ef983559cb788cb4

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker volume ls
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     fc49b532a6d1c618c753a9e85600cd3f4f0c5941551dbb46aae325a85be27008
local     nginx03

docker volume inspect [卷名字] 查看挂载卷的地址

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ nginx02]# docker volume ls
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     fc49b532a6d1c618c753a9e85600cd3f4f0c5941551dbb46aae325a85be27008
local     nginx03

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ nginx02]# docker volume inspect nginx03
# 没有指定目录情况下默认地址 : /var/lib/docker/volumes/xxx/_data
[
    {
        "CreatedAt": "2021-05-27T14:21:19+08:00",
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx03/_data",
        "Name": "nginx03",
        "Options": null,
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]

--volumes-from 数据卷之间的挂载

# 创建nginx01镜像 和挂载volume_nginx01卷
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker run -d -P -v volume_nginx01:/etc/nginx --name nginx01 nginx
322d4d3ef3b57dfeb6e5858531117e00d5167b90981774a0ddd2bb157cefb5f4

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                     NAMES
322d4d3ef3b5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 seconds ago   Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:49166->80/tcp, :::49166->80/tcp   nginx01

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker volume ls
DRIVER    VOLUME NAME
local     fc49b532a6d1c618c753a9e85600cd3f4f0c5941551dbb46aae325a85be27008
local     nginx03
local     volume_nginx01
# 通过--volumes-from 新建的nginx02 继承 nginx01 数据卷
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ home]# docker run -d -P --volumes-from nginx01 --name nginx02 nginx

Docker网络

创建自己的网络 docker network create

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker network create --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet
1abbcbb263e5c2e7e88380284152b90e57d0d89180a0cc8aa2dc08374adb136b

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME      DRIVER    SCOPE
873c312ecefe   bridge    bridge    local
c544019b10e8   host      host      local
1abbcbb263e5   mynet     bridge    local
362640eea876   none      null      local

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "1abbcbb263e5c2e7e88380284152b90e57d0d89180a0cc8aa2dc08374adb136b",
        "Created": "2021-05-28T16:17:12.163030931+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

使用自己创建的网络

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker run -d -P --name tomcat-net-01 --net mynet tomcat
edd774545b140c32790e3845721b67819c56a1e93527cbe80b8c496fb5e8a434
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker run -d -P --name tomcat-net-02 --net mynet tomcat
32ee18f06c603ecf7fc53528c0dbd5c2649caedbc2a1f61c6dad84dbaeb598a8

# 查看mynet网络
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "1abbcbb263e5c2e7e88380284152b90e57d0d89180a0cc8aa2dc08374adb136b",
        "Created": "2021-05-28T16:17:12.163030931+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {
            "32ee18f06c603ecf7fc53528c0dbd5c2649caedbc2a1f61c6dad84dbaeb598a8": {
                "Name": "tomcat-net-02",
                "EndpointID": "391408f4ed2c0503fce649e8de8bfbd92331afc6fea28539d795321e7f2a8a14",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
            "edd774545b140c32790e3845721b67819c56a1e93527cbe80b8c496fb5e8a434": {
                "Name": "tomcat-net-01",
                "EndpointID": "4a182ccbfd2a62b4314af979ef69d4cf0d6f9371b60b4723d9fc67d69b38c0a9",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "192.168.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

把一个容器链接到网络中 docker network connect [网络名] [容器名]

[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker network connect mynet tomcat01
[root@iZ2zejfv6wfxfponzj4w1zZ ~]# docker exec -it tomcat01 ping tomcat-net-01
PING tomcat-net-01 (192.168.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from tomcat-net-01.mynet (192.168.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms
64 bytes from tomcat-net-01.mynet (192.168.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
^C