C# 根据窗口句柄获取窗口截图

 C# 根据窗口句柄获取窗口截图

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C# 根据窗口句柄获取窗口截图

作者：唐宋元明清的博客

原文链接：    https://www.cnblogs.com/kybs0/p/15768990.html

• 本章介绍如何通过句柄，截取指定窗口内容，以及截取失败的场景。

一、根据窗口句柄获取窗口截图

• 先创建一个测试窗口程序A，显示如下：

• 同时我们把此窗口的句柄显示到一个文本输入框内。

TestBox.Text = new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle.ToString();

• 如上图所示，1774674是此窗口的句柄值。

• 然后，我们新建一个窗口程序B，对窗口A进行截图并展示。

var windowIntPtr = new IntPtr(1774674);
var bitmapImage = GetWindowShotCut(windowIntPtr);
TestImage.Source = bitmapImage;

• 截图方法及详细操作如下：

private BitmapImage GetWindowShotCut(IntPtr intPtr)
{
    var image = WindowCaptureHelper.GetShotCutImage(intPtr);
    var bitmapImage = BitmapConveters.ConvertToBitmapImage(image);
    return bitmapImage;
}

• WindowCaptureHelper代码如下：

public class WindowCaptureHelper
    {
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rectangle rect);
        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hdc);
        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hdc, int nWidth, int nHeight);
        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hdc, IntPtr hgdiobj);
        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern int DeleteDC(IntPtr hdc);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        private static extern bool PrintWindow(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr hdcBlt, int nFlags);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr hwnd);

        public static Bitmap GetShotCutImage(IntPtr hWnd)
        {
            var hscrdc = GetWindowDC(hWnd);
            var windowRect = new Rectangle();
            GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref windowRect);
            int width = Math.Abs(windowRect.Width- windowRect.X);
            int height = Math.Abs(windowRect.Height- windowRect.Y);
            var hbitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hscrdc, width, height);
            var hmemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hscrdc);
            SelectObject(hmemdc, hbitmap);
            PrintWindow(hWnd, hmemdc, 0);
            var bmp = Image.FromHbitmap(hbitmap);
            DeleteDC(hscrdc);
            DeleteDC(hmemdc);
            return bmp;
        }
    }

• BitmapConveters：代码如下：

public class BitmapConveters
    {
        [DllImport("gdi32")]
        static extern int DeleteObject(IntPtr o);
        public static BitmapSource ConvertToBitMapSource(Bitmap bitmap)
        {
            IntPtr intPtrl = bitmap.GetHbitmap();
            BitmapSource bitmapSource = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(intPtrl,
                IntPtr.Zero,
                Int32Rect.Empty,
                BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
            DeleteObject(intPtrl);
            return bitmapSource;
        }
        public static BitmapImage ConvertToBitmapImage(Bitmap bitmap)
        {
            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                bitmap.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Bmp);
                stream.Position = 0;
                BitmapImage result = new BitmapImage();
                result.BeginInit();
                result.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
                result.StreamSource = stream;
                result.EndInit();
                result.Freeze();
                return result;
            }
        }
    }

• 截图后显示如下：

二、窗口截图失败

• 窗口A在特定场景下，我们截到的窗口内容是黑色的：

• 截图获取失败了，窗口A做了什么处理？

• 定位发现是属性AllowsTransparency="True"的锅，搜索了下，网上也有同样的反馈：

Taking a screenshot of windows with AllowsTransparency="True" (microsoft.com)^[1]

c# - Capture transparent WPF Window for streaming - Stack Overflow^[2]

.net - Transparent child window renders as black when screen sharing main window on Microsoft Teams - Stack Overflow^[3]

有个Issue在跟进：    Screen capture semi-transparent windows? · Issue #334 · microsoft/WindowsCompositionSamples (github.com)^[4]

官方大佬说，这是他们的一个BUG。在win10 2004更新版本中，已处理。

不过，我现在是win11，依然还有问题。。。我是在win10上直接更新到win11，可能原来那个win10企业LTSC版本有点老，win11更新只更新了UI？或者win11是基于原来旧分支开发的？等回复中...
Taking a screenshot of windows with AllowsTransparency="True" · Issue #358 · microsoft/WindowsCompositionSamples (github.com)^[5]

github^[6]

参考资料

[1]

Taking a screenshot of windows with AllowsTransparency=True: https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/office/en-US/3368f8f5-efb3-40cc-add5-f5311a74a954/taking-a-screenshot-of-windows-with-allowstransparencytrue

[2]

c# - Capture transparent WPF Window for streaming - Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50888023/capture-transparent-wpf-window-for-streaming

[3]

.net - Transparent child window renders as black when screen sharing main window on Microsoft Teams - Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65514472/transparent-child-window-renders-as-black-when-screen-sharing-main-window-on-mic

[4]

Screen capture semi-transparent windows? · Issue #334 · microsoft/WindowsCompositionSamples (github.com Screen capture semi-transparent windows? · Issue #334: https://github.com/microsoft/WindowsCompositionSamples/issues/334

[5]

Taking a screenshot of windows with AllowsTransparency=True · Issue #358 ·: https://github.com/microsoft/WindowsCompositionSamples/issues/358

[6]

github: https://github.com/Kybs0

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