configParser 模块用于操作配置文件
注:Parser汉译为“解析”之意。
配置文件的格式与windows ini文件类似,可以包含一个或多个节(section),每个节可以有多个参数(键=值)。
为了更好的理解本文,我们先了解一下配置文件的组成及命名:配置文件(INI文件)由节(section)、键、值组成。
样例配置文件example.ini
[book]
title:ConfigParser模块教程
time:2012-09-20 22:04:55
[size]
size:1024
[other]
blog:csdn.net
上面配置文件中用的是冒号,也可以用等号。
example.py代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ConfigParser
import string
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read(u'd:/百度网盘/android/Python/python_example/sample.ini')
print string.upper(config.get("book","title")),
print "by",config.get("book","author"),
print "("+config.get("book","email")+")"
print
print config.get("size","size")
print
print config.sections()
for section in config.sections():
print section
for option in config.options(section):
print " ",option,"=",config.get(section,option)
example.py执行结果
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tmp.py
CONFIGPARSER模块教程 by 大头爸爸 (366500050@qq.com)
1024
['book', 'size', 'other']
book
title = ConfigParser模块教程
author = 大头爸爸
email = 366500050@qq.com
time = 2012-09-20 22:04:55
size
size = 1024
other
blog = csdn.net
写配置文件实例
import ConfigParser
import sys
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.add_section("book")
config.set("book","title","这是标题")
config.set("book","author","大头爸爸")
config.add_section("size")
config.set("size","size",1024)
config.write(sys.stdout)
执行结果
[book]
title = 这是标题
author = 大头爸爸
[size]
size = 1024
ConfigParser方法
1、config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
创建ConfigParser实例
2、config.sections()
返回配置文件中节序列
3、config.options(section)
返回某个项目中的所有键的序列
4、config.get(section,option)
返回section节中,option的键值
5、config.add_section(str)
添加一个配置文件节点(str)
6、config.set(section,option,val)
设置section节点中,键名为option的值(val)
7、config.read(filename)
读取配置文件
8、config.write(obj_file)
写入配置文件
综合实例
#coding=utf-8
import ConfigParser
def writeConfig(filename):
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
# set db
section_name = 'db'
config.add_section( section_name )
config.set( section_name, 'dbname', 'MySQL')
config.set( section_name, 'host', '127.0.0.1')
config.set( section_name, 'port', '80')
config.set( section_name, 'password', '123456')
config.set( section_name, 'databasename', 'test')
# set app
section_name = 'app'
config.add_section( section_name )
config.set( section_name, 'loggerapp', '192.168.20.2')
config.set( section_name, 'reportapp', '192.168.20.3')
# write to file
config.write( open(filename, 'a') )
def updateConfig(filename, section, **keyv):
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read(filename)
print config.sections()
for section in config.sections():
print "[",section,"]"
items = config.items(section)
for item in items:
print "\t",item[0]," = ",item[1]
print config.has_option("dbname", "MySQL")
print config.set("db", "dbname", "11")
print "..............."
for key in keyv:
print "\t",key," = ", keyv[key]
config.write( open(filename, 'r+') )
if __name__ == '__main__':
file_name = 'test.ini'
writeConfig(file_name)
updateConfig(file_name, 'app', reportapp = '192.168.100.100')
print "end__"