Spring5学习笔记（转载）-CSDN博客

【狂神说】Spring5最新完整教程IDEA版参考链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1WE411d7Dv
【狂神说】Java学习完整路线https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv5702420

Spring学习笔记

1、Spring（2020-11-9）

1.1 简介

Spring：春天------>给软件行业带来了春天！
2002，首次推出了Spring框架的雏形：interface21框架！
Spring框架即以interface21框架为基础，经过重新设计，并不断丰富其内涵，于2004年3月24日发布了1.0正式版。
Rod Johnson，Spring Framework创始人，著名作者。很难想象Rod Johnson的学历，真的让好多人大吃一惊，他是悉尼大学的博士，然而他的专业不是计算机，而是音乐学。
Spring理念：使现有的技术更加容易使用，本身是一个大杂烩，整合了现有的技术框架！
SSH：Struct2 + Spring + Hibernate!
SSM：SpringMVC + Spring + Mybatis!

官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework#overview
官方下载地址：https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/
GitHub：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

   
   
   
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1.2 优点

Spring是一个开源的免费的框架（容器）！
Spring是一个轻量级的、非入侵式的框架！
控制反转（IOC），面向切面编程（AOP）！
支持事务的处理，对框架整合的支持！

总结一句话：Spring就是一个轻量级的控制反转（IOC）和面向切面编程（AOP）的框架！

1.3 组成

在这里插入图片描述

1.4 拓展

现代化的Java开发！说白就是基于Spring的开发！

Spring Boot
- 一个快速开发的脚手架。
- 基于SpringBoot可以快速的开发单个微服务。
- 约定大于配置。
Spring Cloud
- SpringCloud是基于SpringBoot实现的。

因为现在大多数公司都在使用SpringBoot进行快速开发，学习SpringBoot的前提，需要完全掌握Spring及SpringMVC！承上启下的作用！

弊端：发展了太久之后，违背了原来的理念！配置十分繁琐，人称：“配置地狱！”

2、IOC理论推导

UserDao 接口

public interface UserDao {
    void getUser();
}

   
   
   
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UserDaoImpl 实现类

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    public void getUser() {
        System.out.println("默认获取用户数据");
    }
}

   
   
   
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UserService 业务接口

public interface UserService {
    void getUser();
}

   
   
   
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UserServiceImpl 业务实现类

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
<span class="token keyword">private</span> UserDao userDao <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">UserDaoImpl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">getUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    userDao<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

测试

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    <span class="token comment">//用户实际调用的是业务层，dao层他们不需要接触！</span>
    UserService userService <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">UserServiceImpl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

在我们之前的业务中，用户的需求可能会影响我们原来的代码，我们需要根据用户的需求去修改原代码！如果程序代码量十分大，修改一次的成本代价十分昂贵！
在这里插入图片描述

我们使用一个Set接口实现，已经发生了革命性的变化！

    private UserDao userDao;
<span class="token comment">//利用set进行动态实现值的注入！</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setUserDao</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>UserDao userDao<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>userDao <span class="token operator">=</span> userDao<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

之前，程序是主动创建对象！控制权在程序猿手上！
使用了set注入后，程序不再具有主动性，而是变成了被动的接收对象！

这种思想，从本质上解决了问题，我们程序猿不用再去管理对象的创建了。系统的耦合性大大降低~，可以更加专注的在业务的实现上！这是IOC的原型！
在这里插入图片描述

IOC本质

控制反转IoC（Inversion of Control），是一种设计思想，DI（依赖注入）是实现IoC的一种方法，也有人认为DI只是IoC的另一种说法。没有IoC的程序中，我们使用面向对象编程，对象的创建与对象间的依赖关系完全硬编码在程序中，对象的创建由程序自己控制，控制反转后将对象的创建转移给第三方，个人认为所谓控制反转就是：获得依赖对象的方式反转了。

采用XML方式配置Bean的时候，Bean的定义信息是和实现分离的，而采用注解的方式可以把两者合为一体，Bean的定义信息直接以注解的形式定义在实现类中，从而达到了零配置的目的。
控制反转是一种通过描述（XML或注解）并通过第三方去生产或获取特定对象的方式。在Spring中实现控制反转的是IoC容器，其实现方法是依赖注入（Dependency Injection，DI）。

3、HelloSpring

新建一个maven项目，编写实体类

public class Hello {
    private String str;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">getStr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> str<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setStr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String str<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>str <span class="token operator">=</span> str<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"Hello{"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
            <span class="token string">"str='"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> str <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">'\''</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
            <span class="token string">'}'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

编写xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<span class="token comment">&lt;!--使用Spring来创建对象，在Spring这些都称为Bean
类型 变量名 = new 类型();
Hello hello = new Hello();

id = 变量名
class = new的对象
property 相当于给对象中的属性设置一个值！
    --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>hello<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.Hello<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>str<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>Spring<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

测试

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取Spring的上下文对象！
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
    <span class="token comment">//我们的对象现在都在Spring中的管理了，我们需要使用，直接去里面取出来就可以！</span>
    Hello hello <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Hello<span class="token punctuation">)</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hello"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hello<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

思考问题？

Hello对象是谁创建的？
Hello对象是由Spring创建的。
Hello对象的属性是怎么设置的？
Hello对象的属性是由Spring容器设置的。

这个过程就叫控制反转：

控制：谁来控制对象的创建，传统应用程序的对象是由程序本身控制创建的，使用Spring后，对象是由Spring来创建的。

反转：程序本身不创建对象，而变成被动的接收对象。

依赖注入：就是利用set方法来进行注入的。

IOC是一种编程思想，由主动的编程变成被动的接收。

可以通过new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext去浏览一下底层源码。

OK，到了现在，我们彻底不用在程序中去改动了，要实现不同的操作，只需要在xml配置文件中进行修改，所谓的IOC，一句话搞定：对象由Spring来创建，管理，装配！

4、IOC创建对象的方式（2020-11-10）

使用无参构造创建对象，默认！

假设我们要使用有参构造创建对象。

下标赋值

<!--第一种方式：下标赋值    -->
<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg index="0" value="狂神说Java"/>
</bean>

   
   
   
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类型

<!--第二种方式：通过类型的创建，不建议使用    -->
<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="lifa"/>
</bean>

   
   
   
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参数名

<!--第三种方式：直接通过参数名来设置    -->
<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User">
    <constructor-arg name="name" value="李发"/>
</bean>

   
   
   
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总结：在配置文件加载的时候，容器中管理的对象就已经初始化了！

5、Spring配置

5.1 别名

    <!--别名，如果添加了别名，我们也可以使用别名获取到这个对象-->
    <alias name="user" alias="userNew"/>

 
 
 
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5.2 Bean的配置

    <!--
    id：bean的唯一标识符，也就是相当于我们学的对象名
    class：bean对象所对应的全限定名：包名+类名
    name：也是别名，而且name可以同时取多个别名
        -->
    <bean id="userT" class="com.kuang.pojo.UserT" name="user2 u2,u3;u4">
        <property name="name" value="黑心白莲"/>
    </bean>

 
 
 
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5.3 import

这个import。一般用于团队开发使用，它可以将多个配置文件，导入合并为一个。
假设，现在项目中有多个人开发，这三个人负责不同的类开发，不同的类需要注册在不同的bean中，我们可以利用import将所有人的beans.xml合并为一个总的！

张三
李四
王五

applicationContext.xml

<import resource="bean.xml"/>
<import resource="bean2.xml"/>
<import resource="bean3.xml"/>

   
   
   
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使用的时候，直接使用总的配置就可以了。

6、依赖注入

6.1 构造器注入

前面已经介绍过，参考4、IOC创建对象的方式

6.2 Set方式注入【重点】

依赖注入：Set注入
- 依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器！
- 注入：bean对象中的所有属性，由容器来注入！

【环境搭建】

复杂类型

public class Address {
    private String address;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">getAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> address<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String address<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address <span class="token operator">=</span> address<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

真实测试对象

public class Student {
<span class="token keyword">private</span> String name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Address address<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> books<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> List<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>String<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> hobbies<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Map<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span>String<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> card<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Set<span class="token generics function"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>String<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> games<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> String wife<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Properties info<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>student<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.Student<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--第一种：普通值注入，value        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>name<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>黑心白莲<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

测试类

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
    Student student <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Student<span class="token punctuation">)</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"student"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>student<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

完善注入信息

    <bean id="address" class="com.kuang.pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="西安"/>
    </bean>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>student<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.Student<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--第一种：普通值注入，value        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>name<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>黑心白莲<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--第二种：        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>address<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>address<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--数组        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>books<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>array</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>红楼梦<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>西游记<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>水浒传<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>三国演义<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>array</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--List        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>hobbies<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>list</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>打篮球<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>看电影<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>敲代码<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>list</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--Map        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>card<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>map</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>entry</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>身份证<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>123456789987456321<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>entry</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>银行卡<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>359419496419481649<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>map</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--Set        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>games<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>set</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>LOL<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>COC<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>BOB<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>set</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--NULL        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>wife<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>null</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--Properties        --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>info<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>props</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>prop</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>driver<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>20191029<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>prop</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>prop</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>url<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>102.0913.524.4585<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>prop</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>prop</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>user<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>黑心白莲<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>prop</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>prop</span> <span class="token attr-name">key</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>password<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>123456<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>prop</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>props</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>property</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

6.3 拓展方式注入

我们可以使用p命名空间和c命名空间进行注入
官方解释：
在这里插入图片描述
使用：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<span class="token comment">&lt;!--p命名空间注入，可以直接注入属性的值：property--&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>user<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.User<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name"><span class="token namespace">p:</span>name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>黑心白莲<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name"><span class="token namespace">p:</span>age</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>20<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!--c命名空间注入，通过构造器注入：constructor-args--&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>user2<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.User<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name"><span class="token namespace">c:</span>name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>狂神<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name"><span class="token namespace">c:</span>age</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>22<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

测试：

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userbeans.xml");
    User user <span class="token operator">=</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>User<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>user<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    User user2 <span class="token operator">=</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>User<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>user2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

注意点：p命名和c命名空间不能直接使用，需要导入xml约束！

       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

 
 
 
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6.4 bean的作用域

在这里插入图片描述

单例模式（Spring默认机制）

<bean id="user2" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" c:name="狂神" c:age="22" scope="singleton"/>

 
 
 
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原型模式：每次从容器中get的时候，都会产生一个新对象！

<bean id="user2" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" c:name="狂神" c:age="22" scope="prototype"/>

 
 
 
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其余的request、session、application、这些只能在web开发中使用到！

7、Bean的自动装配（2020-11-11）

自动装配是Spring满足bean依赖一种方式！
Spring会在上下文中自动寻找，并自动给bean装配属性！

在Spring中有三种装配的方式：

在xml中显式的配置；
在java中显式配置；
隐式的自动装配bean【重要】

7.1 测试

环境搭建：创建项目，一个人有两个宠物！

    <bean id="cat" class="com.kuang.pojo.Cat"/>
    <bean id="dog" class="com.kuang.pojo.Dog"/>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>people<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.pojo.People<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>name<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>小白莲<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>cat<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>cat<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>property</span> <span class="token attr-name">name</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dog<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>dog<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>bean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

7.2 ByName自动装配

        <!--
        byName：会自动在容器上下文中查找，和自己对象set方法后面的值对应的bean id！
            -->
        <bean id="people" class="com.kuang.pojo.People" autowire="byName">
            <property name="name" value="小白莲"/>
        </bean>

 
 
 
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7.3 ByType自动装配

        <!--
        byType：会自动在容器上下文中查找，和自己对象属性类型相同的bean！
            -->
        <bean id="people" class="com.kuang.pojo.People" autowire="byType">
            <property name="name" value="小白莲"/>
        </bean>

 
 
 
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小结：

ByName的时候，需要保证所有bean的id唯一，并且这个bean需要和自动注入的属性的set方法的值一致！
ByType的时候，需要保证所有bean的class唯一，并且这个bean需要和自动注入的属性的类型一致！

7.4 使用注解实现自动装配

jdk1.5支持的注解，Spring2.5就支持注解了！

要使用注解须知：

导入约束

配置注解的支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
	<span class="token comment">&lt;!--开启注解的支持    --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">context:</span>annotation-config</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

@Autowired

直接在属性上使用即可！也可以在set方法上使用！

使用Autowired我们就可以不用编写set方法了，前提是你这个自动配置的属性在IOC（Spring）容器中存在，且符合名字ByName！

科普：

@Nullable 字段标记了了这个注解，说明这个字段可以为null;

 
 
 
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public @interface Autowired {
    boolean required() default true;
}

 
 
 
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测试代码

public class People {
    //如果显式定义了Autowired的required属性为false，说明这个对象可以为null，否则不允许为空
    @Autowired(required = false)
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    private Dog dog;
    private String name;
}

 
 
 
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如果@Autowired自动装配的环境比较复杂，自动装配无法通过一个注解【@Autowired】完成的时候，我们可以使用@Qualifier(value = “xxx”)去配置@Autowired的使用，指定一个唯一的bean对象注入！

public class People {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "cat111")
    private Cat cat;
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "dog222")
    private Dog dog;
    private String name;
}

 
 
 
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@Resource

public class People {
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Resource</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Cat cat<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Resource</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Dog dog<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

小结：

@Resource和@Autowired的区别：

都是用来自动装配的，都可以放在属性字段上
@Autowired通过byType的方式实现，而且必须要求这个对象存在！【常用】
@Resource默认通过byName的方式实现，如果找不到名字，则通过byType实现！如果两个都找不到的情况下，就报错！【常用】
执行顺序不同：@Autowired通过byType的方式实现。

8、使用注解开发

在Spring4之后，要使用注解开发，必须要保证aop的包导入了
在这里插入图片描述
使用注解需要导入约束，配置注解的支持！

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
		<span class="token comment">&lt;!--开启注解的支持    --&gt;</span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">context:</span>annotation-config</span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>beans</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

bean

属性如何注入

//等价于<bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User"/>
//@Component 组件

@Component
public class User {

<span class="token comment">//相当于  &lt;property name="name" value="白莲"/&gt;</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"白莲"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

衍生的注解
@Component有几个衍生注解，我们在web开发中，会按照mvc三层架构分层！
```
dao 【@Repository】
service 【@Service】
controller 【@Controller】

  
  
  
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```
这四个注解功能都是一样的，都是代表将某个类注册到Spring中，装配Bean

自动装配

- @Autowired：自动装配通过类型，名字。如果Autowired不能唯一自动装配上属性，则需要通过@Qualifier(value = "xxx")去配置。
- @Nullable 字段标记了了这个注解，说明这个字段可以为null;
- @Resource：自动装配通过名字，类型。

  
  
  
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作用域

@Component
@Scope("singleton")
public class User {
<span class="token comment">//相当于  &lt;property name="name" value="白莲"/&gt;</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"白莲"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

}

小结
xml与注解：
xml更加万能，适用于任何场合！维护简单方便
注解不是自己类使用不了，维护相队复杂！
xml与注解最佳实践：
xml用来管理bean；
注解只负责完成属性的注入；
我们在使用的过程中，只需要注意一个问题：必须让注解生效，就需要开启注解的支持

    <!--指定要扫描的包，这个包下的注解就会生效-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang"/>
    <!--开启注解的支持    -->
    <context:annotation-config/>

 
 
 
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9、使用Java的方式配置Spring

我们现在要完全不使用Spring的xml配置了，全权交给Java来做！
JavaConfig是Spring的一个子项目，在Spring4之后，它成为了一个核心功能！
在这里插入图片描述
实体类

//这里这个注解的意思，就是说明这个类被Spring接管了，注册到了容器中
@Component
public class User {
    private String name;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"黑心白莲"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//属性注入值</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>name <span class="token operator">=</span> name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> String <span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"User{"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
            <span class="token string">"name='"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> name <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">'\''</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
            <span class="token string">'}'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

配置文件

// 这个也会Spring容器托管，注册到容器中，因为它本来就是一个@Component
// @Configuration代表这是一个配置类，就和我们之前看的beans.xml
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.kuang.pojo")
@Import(KuangConfig2.class)
public class KuangConfig {
<span class="token comment">// 注册一个bean，就相当于我们之前写的一个bean标签</span>
<span class="token comment">// 这个方法的名字，就相当于bean标签中id属性</span>
<span class="token comment">// 这个方法的返回值，就相当于bean标签中的class属性</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Bean</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> User <span class="token function">user</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">User</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 就是返回要注入到bean的对象！</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

测试类

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    <span class="token comment">//如果完全使用了配置类方式去做，我们就只能通过 AnnotationConfig 上下文来获取容器，通过配置类的class对象加载！</span>
    ApplicationContext context <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AnnotationConfigApplicationContext</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>KuangConfig<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    User user <span class="token operator">=</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> User<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

这种纯Java的配置方式，在SpringBoot中随处可见！

10、代理模式（2020-11-12）（2020-11-20）

由于开题答辩耽搁了1个礼拜时间，现在从这回顾继续学习！！！

为什么要学习代理模式？因为这就是SpringAOP的底层！【SpringAOP和SpringMVC】

代理模式的分类：

静态代理
动态代理

10.1 静态代理

角色分析：

抽象角色：一般会使用接口或者抽象类来解决
真实角色：被代理的角色
代理角色：代理真实角色，代理真实角色后，我们一般会做一些附属操作
客户：访问代理对象的人！

代码步骤：

接口

//租房
public interface Rent {
    public void rent();
}

 
 
 
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真实角色

//房东
public class Host implements Rent{
    public void rent() {
        System.out.println("房东出租房子！");
    }
}

 
 
 
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代理角色

public class Proxy implements Rent{
    private Host host;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token function">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Host host<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>host <span class="token operator">=</span> host<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">rent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    host<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">seeHouse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">fee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//看房</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">seeHouse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"中介带着看房子！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//签合同</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"和中介签署租赁合同！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//收费用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">fee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"中介收取费用！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

客户端访问代理角色

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //房东要出租房子
        Host host = new Host();
//        host.rent();
    <span class="token comment">//代理，中介帮房东出租房子，并且代理角色一般会有一些附属操作！</span>
    Proxy proxy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//不用面对房东，直接找中介租房即可！</span>
    proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

代理模式的好处：

可以使真实角色的操作更加纯粹！不用去关注一些公共的业务
公共角色就交给代理角色！实现了业务的分工！
公共业务发生扩展的时候，方便集中管理！

缺点：

一个真实角色就会产生一个代理角色，代码量会翻倍，开发效率会变低~

10.2 加深理解

代码步骤：

接口

public interface UserService {
    public void add();
    public void delete();
    public void update();
    public void query();
}

 
 
 
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真实角色

//真实角色
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("增加了一个用户！");
    }
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"删除了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"修改了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">query</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"查询了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

代理角色

public class UserServiceProxy implements UserService{
    private UserServiceImpl userService;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setUserService</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>UserServiceImpl userService<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>userService <span class="token operator">=</span> userService<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"add"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"delete"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"update"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">query</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">query</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String msg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"[Debug] 使用了一个"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>msg<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"方法"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

客户端访问代理角色

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserServiceImpl userService = new UserServiceImpl();
    UserServiceProxy proxy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">UserServiceProxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setUserService</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>userService<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

聊聊AOP

在这里插入图片描述

10.3 动态代理

动态代理和静态代理角色一样
动态代理的代理类是动态生成的，不是我们直接写好的！
动态代理分为两大类：基于接口的动态代理，基于类的动态代理
- 基于接口 — JDK动态代理【我们在这里使用】
- 基于类：cglib
- java字节码实现：javassist

需要了解两个类：Proxy：代理；InvocationHandler：调用处理程序。

代码步骤：

接口

public interface Rent {
    public void rent();
}

 
 
 
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3

真实角色

public class Host implements Rent{
    public void rent() {
        System.out.println("房东要出租房子！");
    }
}

 
 
 
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2
3
4
5

ProxyInvocationHandler类

//我们会用这个类，自动生成代理类！
public class ProxyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {
    //被代理的接口
    private Rent rent;
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setRent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Rent rent<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>rent <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//生成得到代理类</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Object <span class="token function">getProxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> Proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">newProxyInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClassLoader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
            rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getInterfaces</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//处理代理实例，并返回结果</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Object <span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object proxy<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Method method<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Throwable <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token comment">//动态代理的本质，就是使用反射机制实现！</span>
    Object result <span class="token operator">=</span> method<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">,</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">seeHose</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">fee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> result<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">seeHose</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"中介带着看房子！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">fee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"中介收取费用！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

测试

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //真实角色
        Host host = new Host();
    <span class="token comment">//代理角色：现在没有</span>
    ProxyInvocationHandler pih <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ProxyInvocationHandler</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token comment">//通过调用程序处理角色来处理我们要调用的接口对象！</span>
    pih<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setRent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>host<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Rent proxy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Rent<span class="token punctuation">)</span> pih<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//这里的proxy就是动态生成的，我们并没有写</span>
    proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

在此，我们可以提炼出ProxyInvocationHandler作为工具类

//用这个类自动生成代理类！
public class ProxyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {
<span class="token comment">//被代理的接口</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> Object target<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">setTarget</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object target<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>target <span class="token operator">=</span> target<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//生成得到代理类</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Object <span class="token function">getProxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> Proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">newProxyInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClassLoader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
            target<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getInterfaces</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//处理代理实例，并返回结果</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> Object <span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object proxy<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Method method<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Throwable <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>method<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    Object result <span class="token operator">=</span> method<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> result<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String msg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"[Debug] 使用了一个"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>msg<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"方法"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

动态代理的好处：

可以使真实角色的操作更加纯粹！不用去关注一些公共的业务
公共角色就交给代理角色！实现了业务的分工！
公共业务发生扩展的时候，方便集中管理！
一个动态代理类代理的是一个接口，一般就是对应的一类业务
一个动态代理类可以代理多个类，只要是实现了同一个接口即可！

11、AOP

11.1 什么是AOP

AOP（Aspect Oriented Programming）意为：面向切面编程，通过预编译方式和运行期动态代理实现程序功能的统一维护的一种技术。AOP是OOP的延续，是软件开发中的一个热点，也是Spring框架中的一个重要内容，是函数式编程的一种衍生范型。利用AOP可以对业务逻辑的各个部分进行隔离，从而使得业务逻辑各部分之间的耦合度降低，提高程序的可重用性，同时提高了开发的效率。
在这里插入图片描述

11.2 AOP在Spring中的作用

提供声明式事务；允许用户自定义切面

横切关注点：跨越应用程序多个模块的方法或功能。即是，与我们业务逻辑无关的，但是我们需要关注的部分，就是横切关注点。如日志，安全，缓存，事务等等…
切面（ASPECT）：横切关注点被模块化的特殊对象。即，它是一个类。
通知（Advice）：切面必须要完成的工作。即，它是类中的一个方法。
目标（Target）：被通知对象。
代理（Proxy）：向目标对象应用通知之后创建的对象。
切入点（PointCut）：切面通知执行的“地点”的定义。
连接点（JointPoint）：与切入点匹配的执行点。

在这里插入图片描述
SpringAOP中，通过Advice定义横切逻辑，Spring中支持5种类型的Advice：

即AOP在不改变原有代码的情况下，去增加新的功能。

11.3 使用Spring实现AOP

【重点】使用AOP织入，需要导入一个依赖包！

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>

 
 
 
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方式一： 使用Spring的API接口【主要是SpringAPI接口实现】

在service包下，定义UserService业务接口和UserServiceImpl实现类

public interface UserService {
    public void add();
    public void delete();
    public void update();
    public void select();
}

 
 
 
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public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("增加了一个用户！");
    }
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">delete</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"删除了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"更新了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">select</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"查询了一个用户！"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

在log包下，定义我们的增强类，一个Log前置增强和一个AfterLog后置增强类

public class Log implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
<span class="token comment">//method: 要执行的目标对象的方法</span>
<span class="token comment">//args：参数</span>
<span class="token comment">//target：目标对象</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">before</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Method method<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> agrs<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object target<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Throwable <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"的"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>method<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"被执行了"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

public class AfterLog implements AfterReturningAdvice {
<span class="token comment">//returnValue： 返回值</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">afterReturning</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object returnValue<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Method method<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Object target<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Throwable <span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"执行了"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>method<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"方法，返回结果为："</span><span class="token operator">+</span>returnValue<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

最后去spring的文件中注册 , 并实现aop切入实现 , 注意导入约束，配置applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<span class="token comment">&lt;!--注册bean--&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>userService<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>log<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.log.Log<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>bean</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>afterLog<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>com.kuang.log.AfterLog<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!--方式一：使用原生Spring API接口--&gt;</span>
<span class="token comment">&lt;!--配置aop:需要导入aop的约束--&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>config</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--切入点：expression：表达式，execution(要执行的位置！* * * * *)--&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>pointcut</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>pointcut<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">expression</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>execution(* com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>

    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--执行环绕增加！--&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>advisor</span> <span class="token attr-name">advice-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>log<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">pointcut-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>pointcut<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>advisor</span> <span class="token attr-name">advice-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>afterLog<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">pointcut-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>pointcut<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>config</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</beans>

测试

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    <span class="token comment">//动态代理代理的是接口：注意点</span>
    UserService userService <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>UserService<span class="token punctuation">)</span> context<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBean</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userService"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    userService<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

// userService.select();
}
}

方式二： 自定义类来实现AOP【主要是切面定义】

在diy包下定义自己的DiyPointCut切入类

public class DiyPointCut {
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("======方法执行前======");
    }
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">after</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"======方法执行后======"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

去spring中配置文件

    <!--方式二：自定义类-->
    <bean id="diy" class="com.kuang.diy.DiyPointCut"/>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>config</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!--自定义切面，ref 要引用的类--&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>aspect</span> <span class="token attr-name">ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>diy<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token comment">&lt;!--切入点--&gt;</span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>pointcut</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>point<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">expression</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>execution(* com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token comment">&lt;!--通知--&gt;</span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>before</span> <span class="token attr-name">method</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>before<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">pointcut-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>point<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>after</span> <span class="token attr-name">method</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>after<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">pointcut-ref</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>point<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>aspect</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span><span class="token namespace">aop:</span>config</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

测试

方式三： 使用注解实现！

在diy包下定义注解实现的AnnotationPointCut增强类

//声明式事务！
@Aspect //标注这个类是一个切面
public class AnnotationPointCut {
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Before</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"execution(* com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">before</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"====方法执行前===="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token annotation punctuation">@After</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"execution(* com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">after</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"====方法执行后===="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//在环绕增强中，我们可以给定一个参数，代表我们要获取处理切入的点；</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Around</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"execution(* com.kuang.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">around</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ProceedingJoinPoint jp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> Throwable<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"环绕前"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    Signature signature <span class="token operator">=</span> jp<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">// 获得签名</span>
    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"signature:"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    Object proceed <span class="token operator">=</span> jp<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">proceed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//执行方法</span>

    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"环绕后"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    System<span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>proceed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

在Spring配置文件中，注册bean，并增加支持注解的配置。

    <!--方式三：使用注解-->
    <bean id="annotationPointCut" class="com.kuang.diy.AnnotationPointCut"/>
    <!--开启注解支持！ JDK(默认是 proxy-target-class="false")  cglib（proxy-target-class="true"）-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

 
 
 
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测试

12、整合Mybatis（2020-11-21）

步骤：

导入相关jar包
- junit
- mybatis
- mysql数据库
- spring相关
- aop织入器
- mybatis-spring整合包【重点】在此还导入了lombok包。
- 配置Maven静态资源过滤问题！

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring操作数据库的话，还需要一个spring-jdbc
               -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.10</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>build</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>resources</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>src/main/java<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.properties<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.xml<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>build</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

编写配置文件
测试

12.1 回忆mybatis

编写pojo实体类

@Data
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

 
 
 
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编写实现mybatis的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

编写UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> selectUser();
}

 
 
 
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编写UserMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<span class="token comment">&lt;!--sql--&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>select</span> <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>selectUser<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">resultType</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>user<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    select * from mybatis.user
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>select</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

</mapper>

测试

@Test
public void selectUser() throws IOException {

String resource = “mybatis-config.xml”;
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

List<User> userList = mapper.selectUser();
for (User user: userList){
System.out.println(user);
}

sqlSession.close();
}

12.2 Mybatis-Spring

什么是MyBatis-Spring？

MyBatis-Spring 会帮助你将 MyBatis 代码无缝地整合到 Spring 中。

文档链接：http://mybatis.org/spring/zh/index.html

如果使用 Maven 作为构建工具，仅需要在 pom.xml 中加入以下代码即可：

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>

 
 
 
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整合实现一：

引入Spring配置文件spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

</beans>

配置数据源替换mybaits的数据源

    <!--DataSource:使用Spring的数据源替换Mybatis的配置 c3p0 dbcp druid
    我们这里使用Spring提供的JDBC：-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>

 
 
 
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