JPA的注解的基本使用

1、persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" 
 version="1.0"> 

 <persistence-unit name="jpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> 
	 <properties> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect" /> 
	
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value=" " /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=" " /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxx:1521:xxx" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="5" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size" value="20" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="10" /> 
	
	 	<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /> 
	 	<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false" /> 
	 </properties> 
 </persistence-unit> 
</persistence>

2 实体类

package entity;
//认准是这个包
import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.EnumType;
import javax.persistence.Enumerated;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Lob;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import javax.persistence.Transient;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_person")
public class Person {
	

	

	private Integer id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private Date birthday;//1988-12-24
	
	private Gender gender=Gender.MAN;//设置默认值
	
	private String info;
	
	private Byte[] file;//二进制文本
	
	private String imagePath;
	
	
	
	
	//此无参构造器必须要有
	public Person() {}
	
	public Person(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	//(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)数据库id自增长的方式生成主键
	@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@Column(length=10,nullable=false,name="personName")
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE) @Column(nullable=false)
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	
	//@Enumerated(EnumType.ORDINAL) 此种注解在数据库中保存索引值，即0,1,2..
	
	//此种注解在数据库中保存字符串，易于理解，可读性高;     保存枚举类型时一定要设置非空约束
	@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) @Column(length=5,nullable=false) 
	public Gender getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(Gender gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	
	@Lob   //大文本字段注解
	public String getInfo() {
		return info;
	}

	public void setInfo(String info) {
		this.info = info;
	}
	
	//@Basic(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)  代表立刻加载
	@Lob @Basic(fetch=FetchType.EAGER) //代表延时加载,也就是当我们不需要访问此属性时，读取时不会从数据库中抓取此属性值
	public Byte[] getFile() {
		return file;
	}
	
	public void setFile(Byte[] file) {
		this.file = file;
	}
	
	@Transient //不作为持久化字段，也就是说不和数据库建立映射关系
	public String getImagePath() {
		return imagePath;
	}

	public void setImagePath(String imagePath) {
		this.imagePath = imagePath;
	}
}

枚举类

package entity;

public enum Gender {
	MAN,//索引值为0
	WOMEN//索引值为1
}

3、 测试类的测试方法

@Test
	public void mytest(){
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("jpa");
		factory.close();
	}

4 、pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.xxxxx.mvc</groupId>
  <artifactId>jpa</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>jpa Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
  		<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
  		<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
  		<version>3.6.8.Final</version>
  		<type>jar</type>
  		<scope>compile</scope>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
  		<artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId>
  		<version>3.5.6-Final</version>
  		<type>jar</type>
  		<scope>compile</scope>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
  		<artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.0.Final</version>
  		<type>jar</type>
  		<scope>compile</scope>
  	</dependency>
  	<!--  -->
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
  		<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
  		<version>3.4.0.GA</version>
  		<type>jar</type>
  	</dependency>
  	<!-- mysql驱动
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>mysql</groupId>
  		<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  		<version>5.1.18</version>
  		<type>jar</type>
  		<scope>compile</scope>
  	</dependency>
  	 -->
  	 <!-- oracle驱动 -->
  	<dependency>
    	<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
    	<artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
    	<version>10</version>
	</dependency>
	
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>jpa</finalName>
  </build>
</project>