一 初识spring boot

最近刚好有地方需要使用到spring boot，因此就花了些时间学习了一下。为了巩固记忆，就写下来。

那么运行一个最简单的spring boot项目需要做些什么呢?

首先我们搭建一个idea的spring boot工程

File -> New -> Project -> Spring Initializr

然后点击Next，在下一页中可以选择修改Group 和 Artifact

任然点击Next，选择Web 中的Web，本窗口可以选择需要的spring boot版本

最后点击Next再点击Finish一个spring boot工程就建好了,此时的pom.xml因该如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.wd</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo_springboot</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>demo_springboot</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

这时我们在按照下图的层次结构建立bean、controller、service、dao(注意启动类SpringbootApplication.java要与各层同一级别，否则拦截不到请求)

创建HelloWorldController.java使用@RestController注解

package com.wd.demo_springboot.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

//RestController的意思是controller里面的方法都是以json的格式输出，不需要在写jackjson的配置了。
@RestController
public class HelloWorldController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    private String hello1() {
        return "Hello World";
    }

}

有@SpringBootApplication注解的即启动类，运行DemoSpringbootApplication.java

package com.wd.demo_springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoSpringbootApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoSpringbootApplication.class, args);
	}
}

运行成功后打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/hello会得到下图结果

这里我还扩充一个热部署，主要是每每我们修改或新增文件时，都需要重新启动工程，而配置了热部署后，每当文件改变会在后台自动帮我们更新，这无疑会大大提高开发效率。热部署的配置需要在pom.xml中做出如下改变：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 热部署：当修改和创建了文件以后都需要重启项目。为了不频繁的重启，我们可以使用热部署 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<fork>true</fork>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>