ListView item布局layout_width和layout_height属性

1. 首先了解些关于布局的知识：
   LayoutParams类：LayoutParams are used by views to tell their parents how they want to be laid out，是告诉父布局它想如何展示；其属性match_parent, warp_content都是相对于父布局来说的，父布局在 measure 子布局的时候首先会获取子布局的LayoutParams： LayoutParams p = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();之后结合父布局的widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec得到childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec之后调用child.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec);对child进行measure；

2. ListView通过getView函数获得item view，具体是通过函数：public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot);的调用来生成view；

3. inflate函数有三种调用方式：

   1.view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_item, viewGroup, false);
   2.view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_item, null);
   3.view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_item, viewGroup, false);

   对于listview支持两种1和2；
   对于方式3是不支持的，如果使用这种调用方式，程序会出错，在inflate执行到下面的addview时出错：

   if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
       root.addView(temp, params);
   }

   root就是ListView也就是AdapterView，很遗憾不支持addview；

   throw new UnsupportedOperationException("addView(View, LayoutParams) "
               + "is not supported in AdapterView");

   所以只能使用方式1和2；
   这里的讲解可以参考这里

4. 使用方式1，那么item的顶层布局的layout_width和layout_height都将失效，请无视它们吧，运行时啥作用也不会起；原因看下面代码 ①：

   final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);
   
   ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
   
   if (root != null) {
     ......
       // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
       params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
       if (!attachToRoot) {
           // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
           // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
           temp.setLayoutParams(params);
       }
   }
   
   ......
   // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
   // to root. Do that now.
   if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
       root.addView(temp, params);
   }
   
   // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
   // top view found in xml.
   if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
       result = temp;
   }
   ......
   return result;

   如上final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);这里新鲜 出炉的view的layoutParams是null；而如果root == null，则temp.setLayoutParams(params);不 会执行，result = temp;之后就返回了，listview在measure的时候对LayoutParams为null这种情况作 了判断：
   ListView的layout_height为warp_content时：

   private void measureScrapChild(View child, int position, int widthMeasureSpec) {
       LayoutParams p = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
       if (p == null) {
           p = (AbsListView.LayoutParams) generateDefaultLayoutParams();
           child.setLayoutParams(p);
       }

   ListView的layout_height为match_parent时，执行layout()时进行了判断：

    private void setupChild(View child, int position, int y, boolean flowDown, int childrenLeft,
                           boolean selected, boolean recycled) {
       ......
       AbsListView.LayoutParams p = (AbsListView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
       if (p == null) {
           p = (AbsListView.LayoutParams) generateDefaultLayoutParams();
       }
   }

   再来看下generateDefaultLayoutParams函数：

   @Override
   protected ViewGroup.LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
       return new AbsListView.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
               ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 0);
   }

   ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT就不用看了，很多时候没啥用，这也是root为null时我们的 item布局总是能横向铺满的原因了；

5. root不为null的情况，则执行params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);这里就获得了当初设置的layout_width和layout_height;之后执行了temp.setLayoutParams(params);用于addview以及addViewInner；所以item顶层width或height的具体数值，如：100dp是有作用的；

6. 很遗憾，item的布局顶层以及之下的match_parent或者warp_content都没啥作用，因为ListView的childHeightSpec 完全是由子view的LayoutParams决定的；除非子view自己争气挣点高度空间，否则高度就是0，比如放个view，高度match_parent，布局预览的时候好好的，运行的时候就消失了，因为高度是0；例外是父层布局有具体的高度，则其子view的match_parent和warp_content仍然有意义；想一想也是这个道理，ListView本来的高度就是不固定，你match_parent，想match到哪里去；照例找下代码的证据：

   private void setupChild(View child, int position, int y, boolean flowDown, int childrenLeft,
                           boolean selected, boolean recycled) {
       ......
       AbsListView.LayoutParams p = (AbsListView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
       ......
       int lpHeight = p.height;
       int childHeightSpec;
       if (lpHeight > 0) {
           childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(lpHeight, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
       } else {
           childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
       }
       child.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec);
   }

   private void measureScrapChild(View child, int position, int widthMeasureSpec) {
       LayoutParams p = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
       ......
       int lpHeight = p.height;
       ......
       if (lpHeight > 0) {
           childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(lpHeight, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
       } else {
           childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
       }
       child.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec);
   }

   MATCH_PARENT值是-1WRAP_CONTENT值是-2，所以lpHeight < 0将执行childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);对于子view来说，就是看它自己的本事，自己有多大占多大；MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED可以传递，子view如果还是match_parent或者warp_content，那还会执行childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);

对于view的绘制流程讲解，推荐看这里