- Spring 2.5
- ActiveMQ 5.4.0
- Tomcat 6.0.30
下面通过学习与配置,实现消息服务的基本功能:发送与接收。Spring对JMS提供了很好的支持,可以通过JmsTemplate来方便地实现消息服务。这里,我们的消息服务不涉及事务管理。下面简单说明实现过程:
先看一下,我们最终的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容,如下所示:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core.xsd">
- <bean id="listenerContainer"
- class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
- <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property>
- <property name="destination" ref="messageQueue"></property>
- <property name="messageListener" ref="receiveMessageListener"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
- <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="messageQueue" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
- <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="receiveMessageListener"
- class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener"></bean>
- <bean id="messageSender" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.MessageSender">
- <property name="jmsTemplate" ref="jmsTemplate"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
- <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property>
- <property name="defaultDestination" ref="messageQueue"></property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="sendMessageController"
- class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController">
- <property name="messageSender" ref="messageSender" />
- <property name="successView" value="/success" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="urlMapping"
- class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
- <property name="mappings">
- <props>
- <prop key="/sendMessage.do">sendMessageController</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="viewResolver"
- class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" />
- <property name="viewClass"
- value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
- <property name="prefix" value="/" />
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
我们使用Spring的org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer来收集消息,通过设置一个消息监听器,具体实现类为org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener,代码如下所示:
- package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
- import javax.jms.JMSException;
- import javax.jms.Message;
- import javax.jms.MessageListener;
- import javax.jms.TextMessage;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- public class ReceiveMessageListener implements MessageListener {
- private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ReceiveMessageListener.class);
- public void onMessage(Message message) {
- if (message instanceof TextMessage) {
- TextMessage text = (TextMessage) message;
- try {
- LOG.info("Received message:" + text.getText());
- } catch (JMSException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
上面,对发送的消息进行监听,并接收处理,我们只是简单地打印出一条日志内容。
对于listenerContainer,还需要注入连接工厂connectionFactory和消息目的destination这两个属性:connectionFactory我们使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory,并通过JNDI服务,绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory上;而destination属性通过使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue消息队列,也是通过JNDI服务绑定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue上。所以,在Tomcat的conf/context.xml中的<Context>元素里面加上如下配置:
- <Resource name="myJMS/ConnectionFactory"
- auth="Container"
- type="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory"
- description="JMS Connection Factory"
- factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
- brokerURL="vm://shirdrnUrl"
- brokerName="MyActiveMQBroker"/>
- <Resource name="myJMS/MessageQueue"
- auth="Container"
- type="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue"
- description="My Message Queue"
- factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory"
- physicalName="MyMessageQueue"/>
我们通过使用JmsTemplate来实现消息的发送,所以实现的发送类要将JmsTemplate注入进去,实现代码如下所示:
- package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
- import javax.jms.JMSException;
- import javax.jms.Message;
- import javax.jms.Session;
- import javax.jms.TextMessage;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
- import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
- public class MessageSender {
- private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(MessageSender.class);
- private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
- public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) {
- this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate;
- }
- public void sendMessage(final String message) {
- LOG.info("Send message: " + message);
- jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {
- public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
- TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage(message);
- return textMessage;
- }
- });
- }
- }
上面基于Spring的MessageCreator来创建消息,通过调用JmsTemplate的send方法发送出去。
对于Web,我们使用了Spring MVC,通过实现一个控制器org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController来控制页面消息的发送及其视图的派发。我们实现的SendMessageController类继承自MultiActionController,可以在一个控制器中实现多个Action,代码实现如下所示:
- package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;
- public class SendMessageController extends MultiActionController {
- private String successView;
- private MessageSender messageSender;
- public ModelAndView sendMessage(HttpServletRequest request,
- HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
- Map<String, Object> retMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- String message = request.getParameter("message");
- messageSender.sendMessage(message);
- return new ModelAndView(successView, retMap);
- }
- public String getSuccessView() {
- return successView;
- }
- public void setSuccessView(String successView) {
- this.successView = successView;
- }
- public MessageSender getMessageSender() {
- return messageSender;
- }
- public void setMessageSender(MessageSender messageSender) {
- this.messageSender = messageSender;
- }
- }
上面调用模型层(Model)的MessageSender来实现发送消息的处理逻辑,如果发送成功,视图派发到successView指定的页面。可以看到,最前面我们给出的Spring配置内容分为三组,最后一组是对控制器的配置:
viewResolver 视图解析器配置,可以将控制器中指定前缀(/)解析为后缀是.jsp的页面,例如/success解析为/sucess.jsp
urlMapping 请求URL与控制器的映射,例如对于满足/sendMessage.do模式的请求,都会被指派给sendMessageController去处理
sendMessageController 控制器实现类,里面的方法名称可以自定义,但要在org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping中的mappings属性中配置映射
然后,我们需要一个web部署描述文件,web.xml文件配置内容,如下所示:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>
- classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
- </param-value>
- </context-param>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>
- org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
- </servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>
- classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml
- </param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
另外,我们还要实现一个页面,提供输入发送消息的表单,提交后交给后台处理,成功发送后跳转到一个成功页面。表单输入页面为index.jsp,如下所示:
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
- + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
- + path + "/";
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <base href="<%=basePath%>">
- <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- <!--
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css">
- -->
- </head>
- <body>
- <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black">
- <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post">
- <table align="center">
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">
- 消息发送控制台
- </th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- 消息内容:
- </td>
- <td>
- <input type="text" name="message">
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2">
- <input type="reset" value="清除">
- <input type="submit" value="发送">
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </form>
- </div>
- </body>
- </html>
成功页面为success.jsp,就是给一个成功的提示信息,如下所示:
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
- + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
- + path + "/";
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <base href="<%=basePath%>">
- <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- <!--
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css">
- -->
- </head>
- <body>
- <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black">
- <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post">
- <table align="center">
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">
- 消息发送报告
- </th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td colspan="2">
- 状态:发送成功
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td align="center" colspan="2">
- <a href="index.jsp" mce_href="index.jsp">返回</a>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </form>
- </div>
- </body>
- </html>
至此,我们可以将实现的简单web工程发布到Tomcat容器,然后启动Tomcat服务器,通过页面可以发送消息,并通过日志查看,实际消息发送和接收的情况。