HttpClient通过RetryHandler实现超时重试

java项目中使用apache httpclient进行数据传输、访问，目前程序中涉及到需要callback操作，product需要被动的接收consume的处理状态，为了最大程度的能够callback成功因此consume在http调用出现问题（如：服务不可用、异常、超时）情况下需要进行重试（retry request），在这里我列举出我找到的retry方案，有些成功有些不成功。

我是用的httpclient版本是4.5.2。关于retry功能我在网上也找了不少的资料，但是都不是我对应的httpclient版本，大多是过时的。

在httpclient版本4.5.2提供了以下几种retry方案：

StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler

这种方案没有测试通过，StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler实际上是DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler的子类，这是官方提供的一个标准的retry方案，为了保证幂等性约定resetful接口必须是GET, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS, and TRACE中的一种，如下，是我定义的httpclient pool，

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients
                .custom()
                .setRetryHandler(new StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler())
                .setConnectionManager(cm)
                .build();
        return httpClient;

    }
 
 
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如下测试代码：

@Test
    public void test6(){
        HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");
        try {
            rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
        }finally{
            HttpUtil.close(rsp);
        }
    }


 
 
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运行测试，当url错误、后台报错、后台超时等情况的时候不能进行retry，因此放弃了此方案。

DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler

这种方案没有测试通过，和上面的StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler类似，它提供了一种默认的retry方案，并没有像StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler一样约定接口必须是冥等的，如下，是我定义的httpclient pool，

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients
                .custom()
                .setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler())
                .setConnectionManager(cm)
                .build();
        return httpClient;
    }


 
 
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如下是测试代码：

@Test
    public void test6(){
        HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");
        try {
            rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
        }finally{
            HttpUtil.close(rsp);
        }
    }


 
 
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依然没有达到希望的效果。

HttpRequestRetryHandler

可以实现，但是不够完美。在官方文档有这么一段，如下，

HttpRequestRetryHandler myRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {

    public boolean retryRequest(
            IOException exception,
            int executionCount,
            HttpContext context) {
        if (executionCount >= 5) {
            // Do not retry if over max retry count
            return false;
        }
        if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            // Timeout
            return false;
        }
        if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {
            // Unknown host
            return false;
        }
        if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {
            // Connection refused
            return false;
        }
        if (exception instanceof SSLException) {
            // SSL handshake exception
            return false;
        }
        HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
        HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
        boolean idempotent = !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);
        if (idempotent) {
            // Retry if the request is considered idempotent
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

};
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
        .setRetryHandler(myRetryHandler)
        .build();


 
 
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自定义retry实现，这比较灵活，可以根据异常自定义retry机制以及重试次数，并且可以拿到返回信息，如下，是我定义的httpclient pool，

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
            public boolean retryRequest(
                    IOException exception,
                    int executionCount,
                    HttpContext context) {
                if (executionCount >= 5) {
                    // Do not retry if over max retry count
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
                    // Timeout
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {
                    // Unknown host
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {
                    // Connection refused
                    return false;
                }
                if (exception instanceof SSLException) {
                    // SSL handshake exception
                    return false;
                }
                HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
                HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
                boolean idempotent = !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);
                if (idempotent) {
                    // Retry if the request is considered idempotent
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        };
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients
                .custom()
                .setRetryHandler(retryHandler)
                .setConnectionManager(cm)
                .build();
        return httpClient;
    }


 
 
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如下测试代码：

@Test
    public void test6(){
        HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");
        try {
            rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
        }finally{
            HttpUtil.close(rsp);
        }
    }


 
 
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这种方案，可以实现retry，并且可以根据我的需求进行retry，如：retry count，但是就不能控制retry时间的间隔，也只好放弃了，继续寻找找到了下面这个ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy。

ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy

可以实现，满足需求，这具有HttpRequestRetryHandler的所有优点，并且可以自定义retry时间的间隔，如下，是我定义的httpclient pool，

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy serviceUnavailableRetryStrategy = new ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy() {
            /**
             * retry逻辑
             */
            @Override
            public boolean retryRequest(HttpResponse response, int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
                if (executionCount <= 3)
                    return true;
                else
                    return false;
            }

            /**
             * retry间隔时间
             */
            @Override
            public long getRetryInterval() {
                return 2000;
            }
        };
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler())
                .setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        return httpClient;
    }


 
 
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如下是测试代码：

@Test
    public void test6(){
        HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");
        try {
            rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
        }finally{
            HttpUtil.close(rsp);
        }
    }


 
 
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