反射获取操作对象的成员变量和方法

概述

通过Class在运行操作对象的非静态成员变量和方法和静态成员变量和方法

示例

Star：

package com.ycy1;
import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;

public class Star extends Object implements Serializable{
    //private static修饰的属性
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1693448743370688474L;
    //public修饰的属性
    public String name;
    //private修饰的属性
    private String city;
    private int age;

    //public修饰的无参构造函数
    public Star() {
        super();
        System.out.println("Star无参public构造方法");
    }

    //public修饰的带参构造函数
    public Star(String name, String city, Integer age) {
        super();
        System.out.println("Star带参public构造方法");
        this.name = name;
        this.city = city;
        this.age = age;
    }

    //private修饰的带参构造函数
    private Star(Integer age) {
        super();
        System.out.println("Star带参private构造方法");
        this.age=age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    //private修饰的私有方法
    private void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Star [name=" + name + ", city=" + city + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }

    private String printInfo(String message) {
        System.out.println("Star中的私有方法printInfo() 输入参数 message="+message);
        String result="最新消息:"+message;
        return result;
    }

    //static修饰的静态方法
    public static void printDate() {
        System.out.println(new Date());
    }
}

获取成员变量测试类：

package com.ycy1;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class Test01 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		testField2();
	}

	public static void testField1() throws Exception {
		Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.ycy1.Star");
		Constructor<?> constructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, String.class, Integer.class);
		// 调用有参构造函数创建对象
		Object star = constructor.newInstance("lll", "km", 18);
		// 获取字段
		Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("city");
		// 取消安全性检查以便获取私有成员
		field.setAccessible(true);
		// 获取对象的成员变量值
		Object object = field.get(star);
		System.out.println(object);
		// 设置成员变量的值
		field.set(star, "chengdu");
		System.out.println(star);

	}

	// 访问静态成员变量
	public static void testField2() throws Exception {
		Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.ycy1.Star");
		Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField("serialVersionUID");
		field.setAccessible(true);
		Object object = field.get(null);
		System.out.println(object);
	}
}

获取成员方法测试类：

package com.ycy1;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Test02 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		testMethod2();
	}

	// 访问非静态成员方法
	public static void testMethod1() throws Exception {
		Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.ycy1.Star");
		Object instance = clazz.newInstance();
		Method setMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setName", String.class);
		setMethod.invoke(instance, "ycy");
		Method getMethod = clazz.getMethod("getName");
		Object value = getMethod.invoke(instance);
		System.out.println(value);
		System.out.println();
	}

	// 访问静态成员方法
	public static void testMethod2() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException,
			IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
		Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.ycy1.Star");
		Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("printDate");
		Object object = method.invoke(null);
		System.out.println(object);
	}
}