2021-01-23

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-19 13:19:42 发布

zmzmii

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-19 13:19:42 发布

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文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zmzmii/article/details/113009077

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微信JS扫码功能报错：unable to find valid certification path to requested target，意思是找不到请求目标的有效证书路径。

大佬的文章很全面

{“errMsg”:“config:invalid signature”}

一开始出现的是这个错误，查阅了很多资料都没得到解决。
这个表示无效的签名，在溯源发现导致签名无效的原因是控制台中的jsapi=null,为什么会这样呢？带着疑问又继续找控制台的错误，接着发现因为这个为null来自于access_token的获取出了异常。
获取异常的原因便还是回到了证书出错的地方。没想到兜兜转转还是他。
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+appid+"&secret="+secret
上面这个网址可以根据appid和secret获取access_token，这个appid是和secret是根据公众号的 开发>基本配置>公众号开发信息 中获得的。
access_token这个数据网页地址栏输入上述网址能得到数据。返回了json格式的access_token,可以知道获取的数据没有问题，证明不是微信端出错，那么只能是证书了。当然，因为出问题是在idea控制台显示的，所以我从微信端扫码的返回错误作为入手点还是不切实际的。并且第一个错误就是证书错误，所以导致花了大量时间在寻错上。
接着需要通过一些代码来生成证书。

import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.io.OutputStream;  
import java.security.KeyStore;  
import java.security.MessageDigest;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;  
  
public class InstallCert {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        String host;  
        int port;  
        char[] passphrase;  
        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {  
            String[] c = args[0].split(":");  
            host = c[0];  
            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);  
            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];  
            passphrase = p.toCharArray();  
        } else {  
            System.out  
                    .println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        File file = new File("jssecacerts");  
        if (file.isFile() == false) {  
            char SEP = File.separatorChar;  
            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"  
                    + SEP + "security");  
            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");  
            if (file.isFile() == false) {  
                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");  
            }  
        }  
        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");  
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);  
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());  
        ks.load(in, passphrase);  
        in.close();  
  
        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");  
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory  
                .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());  
        tmf.init(ks);  
        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf  
                .getTrustManagers()[0];  
        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);  
        context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);  
        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();  
  
        System.out  
                .println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");  
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);  
        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);  
        try {  
            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");  
            socket.startHandshake();  
            socket.close();  
            System.out.println();  
            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");  
        } catch (SSLException e) {  
            System.out.println();  
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);  
        }  
  
        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;  
        if (chain == null) {  
            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(  
                System.in));  
  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");  
        System.out.println();  
        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");  
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");  
        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {  
            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];  
            System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "  
                    + cert.getSubjectDN());  
            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());  
            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());  
            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));  
            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());  
            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));  
            System.out.println();  
        }  
  
        System.out  
                .println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");  
        String line = reader.readLine().trim();  
        int k;  
        try {  
            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;  
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {  
            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];  
        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);  
        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);  
  
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");  
        ks.store(out, passphrase);  
        out.close();  
  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out.println(cert);  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out  
                .println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"  
                        + alias + "'");  
    }  
  
    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();  
  
    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {  
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);  
        for (int b : bytes) {  
            b &= 0xff;  
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);  
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);  
            sb.append(' ');  
        }  
        return sb.toString();  
    }  
  
    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {  
  
        private final X509TrustManager tm;  
        private X509Certificate[] chain;  
  
        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {  
            this.tm = tm;  
        }  
  
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
        }  
  
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                throws CertificateException {  
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
        }  
  
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                throws CertificateException {  
            this.chain = chain;  
            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);  
        }  
    }  
  
}

关键点来了
我们可以任意在一个文件夹下创建一个InstallCert.java文件。
通过 javac InstallCert.java在命令行窗口编译该文件。（小tips：可以在.java文件的路径地址栏下直接输入cmd进入命令行窗口）

如图所示，编译完后会得到两个.class文件。
编译：javac InstallCert.java
重要：获取证书：java InstallCert api.weixin.qq.com
生成的文件一定是请求路径的证书文件（指api.weixin.qq.com）。
当运行了上述命令后，并不会结束执行，而是需要输入1按回车，并生成 jssecacerts文件，该文件的位置还在.java文件处。
最后就可以将 jssecacerts（证书文件）复制到Java安装路径,也就是jdk中的路径，我的是C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11.0.6\lib\security
当大功告成后，jsapi=null这个最初的控制台错误便得到了解决，最后正常调用微信扫码功能。