设计模式之工厂方法模式

工厂方法模式实验（2学时）

实验目的

• 理解简单工厂、工厂方法模式的概念
• 掌握工厂方法模式的用法

实验工具

• 计算机，安装JDK
• vscode或Eclipse

实验题目

• 参考给定制作咖啡的简单工厂例子，将其改成工厂方法模式实现

实验步骤

1. 保留例子中的Coffee抽象类、LatteCoffee和EspressoCoffee类不变；

2. 将原来的CoffeeStore变成抽象类，并去掉其中的SimpleCoffeeFactory相关信息，加入抽象的工厂方法用于构造各种咖啡：

   protected abstract Coffee createCoffee(String type);
   

3. 添加两个类SweetCoffeeStore和BlackCoffeeStore均扩展自CoffeeStore抽象类，并分别实现createCoffee方法，使得构造出的咖啡分别为甜味和苦味（因此需要新建几个咖啡类，分别表示甜味和苦味的Latte和Espresso咖啡），内容可参考SimpleCoffeeFactory类中的方法；

4. 测试用的主函数可采用如下函数：

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       // TODOAuto-generated method stub
       CoffeeStore sweetStore= new SweetCoffeeStore();
       CoffeeStore blackStore= new BlackCoffeeStore();
       Coffee coffee= null;
       coffee = sweetStore.orderCoffee("espresso");
       System.out.println("Iordered a cup of " + coffee.getName() + " coffee");
       System.out.println(coffee);
       System.out.println();
       coffee = sweetStore.orderCoffee("latte");
       System.out.println("Uordered a cup of " + coffee.getName() + " coffee");
       System.out.println(coffee);
       System.out.println();
       coffee = blackStore.orderCoffee("espresso");
       System.out.println("Iordered a cup of " + coffee.getName() + " coffee");
       System.out.println(coffee);
       System.out.println();
       coffee = blackStore.orderCoffee("latte");
       System.out.println("Uordered a cup of " + coffee.getName() + " coffee");
       System.out.println(coffee);
       System.out.println();
   }
   

实验内容

• 关键类的源程序清单：

  // CoffeeStore.java(变成抽象类)
   public abstract class CoffeeStore {
   protected abstract Coffee createCoffee(String type);
   public Coffee orderCoffee(String type) {  
       Coffee coffee=createCoffee(type);
       coffee.prepare();
       coffee.brew();
       coffee.pour();
       coffee.addSugar();
       return coffee;
       }
   }
  // SweetCoffeeStore.java
  public class SweetCoffeeStore  extends CoffeeStore{
    @Override
    protected Coffee createCoffee(String type) {
    	// TODO 自动生成的方法存根		
    switch (type) {
    case "latte":
      return new SweetLatteCoffee();
    	case "espresso":
       return new SweetEspressoCoffee();
    	default:
           return new NullCoffee();
             }
    	 }
    	 }
  }
  // BlackCoffeeStore.java
  public class BlackCoffeeStore extends CoffeeStore{
    @Override
    protected Coffee createCoffee(String type) {
    	// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
    	 switch (type) {
         case "latte":
             return new BlackLatteCoffee();
    	case "espresso":
        	 return new BlackEspressoCoffee();
    	default:
             return new NullCoffee();
             }
    	 }
       }  
       //SweetEspressoCoffee.java
  public class SweetEspressoCoffee extends Coffee {
    SweetEspressoCoffee(){
      name = "SweetEspresso";
      hasSugar =false;
      }
      }
      //SweetLatteCoffee.java
  public class SweetLatteCoffee extends Coffee {
  SweetLatteCoffee(){
    name = "SweetLatte";
    hasSugar =true;
    }
    }
    //BlackEspressoCoffee.java
    public class BlackEspressoCoffee extends Coffee {
      BlackEspressoCoffee(){
    name = "BlackEspresso";
    hasSugar =false;
     }
    }
    //BlackLatteCoffee.java
    public class BlackLatteCoffee extends Coffee {
    BlackLatteCoffee(){
    name = "BlackLatte";
    hasSugar =true;
    }
    }    
  
  

• 相关类的类图：

• 实验结果：

Preparing coffee beans...
Brewing coffee...
Pouring coffee into the cup....
Adding sugar...
Iordered a cup of SweetEspresso coffeeffee
---- SweetEspresso ----
without sugar.


Preparing coffee beans...
Brewing coffee...
Pouring coffee into the cup....
Adding sugar...
Uordered a cup of SweetLatte coffeee
---- SweetLatte ----
with sugar.


Preparing coffee beans...
Brewing coffee...
Pouring coffee into the cup....
Adding sugar...
Iordered a cup of BlackEspresso coffeeffee
---- BlackEspresso ----
without sugar.


Preparing coffee beans...
Brewing coffee...
Pouring coffee into the cup....
Adding sugar...
Uordered a cup of BlackLatte coffeee
---- BlackLatte ----
with sugar.