C#中使用XPath的XPathNavigator类移动选择XML数据

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-10 02:21:55 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-06-10 02:21:55 发布

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分类专栏：－－－2、程序开发技术－－－ 2.1、C#开发 2.4、.NET开发文章标签： xml c# encoding 文档 search string

－－－2、程序开发技术－－－同时被 3 个专栏收录

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XPathNavigator类包含移动和选择XML所需元素的所有方法。
1.创建：
a.如果是从XPathDocument中创建，则是只读的，只能浏览数据；
b.如果是从XmlDocument中创建，则可以编辑文档；
2.查询：使用Select()方法通过XPath语句查询；
3.迭代：使用XPathNodeIterator类，MoveNext()方法移动下一个节点；Current属性表示当前节点；
4.求值：使用Evaluate()方法计算表达式的值；
5.插入节点：先检查CanEdit属性是否为true，再使用InsertAfter()方法插入新节点。

实例：查询和编辑books.xml

 
  01. 
  using  System;   
 
  02. 
  using  System.Collections.Generic;   
 
  03. 
  using  System.Text;   
 
  04. 
  using  System.Xml.XPath;   
 
  05. 
  using  System.Xml;   
 
  06. 
     
  07. 
  namespace  Magci.Test.XML.TestXPath   
 
  08. 
  {   
 
  09. 
       class  Program   
 
  10. 
       {   
 
  11. 
           private  static  XPathDocument doc;   
 
  12. 
           private  static  XPathNavigator nav;   
 
  13. 
     
  14. 
           static  void  Main( string [] args)   
 
  15. 
           {   
 
  16. 
               doc =  new  XPathDocument(@ "../../books.xml" );   
 
  17. 
               nav = ((IXPathNavigable)doc).CreateNavigator();   
 
  18. 
               SearchByGenre( "nove" );   
 
  19. 
               TotalPrice();   
 
  20. 
               Insert();   
 
  21. 
               Console.ReadLine();   
 
  22. 
           }   
 
  23. 
     
  24. 
           public  static  void  SearchByGenre( string  search)   
 
  25. 
           {   
 
  26. 
               //查询bookstore的子元素book中genre属性值为novel的所有节点   
 
  27. 
               XPathNodeIterator iter = nav.Select( "/bookstore/book[@genre='"  + search +  "l']" );   
 
  28. 
     
  29. 
               Console.WriteLine( "/nSearchByGenre:/n" );   
 
  30. 
               while  (iter.MoveNext())   
 
  31. 
               {   
 
  32. 
                   //迭代所有子代节点   
 
  33. 
                   XPathNodeIterator newIter = iter.Current.SelectDescendants(XPathNodeType.Element,  false );   
 
  34. 
                   while  (newIter.MoveNext())   
 
  35. 
                   {   
 
  36. 
                       Console.WriteLine(newIter.Current.Name +  " : "  + newIter.Current.Value);   
 
  37. 
                   }   
 
  38. 
               }   
 
  39. 
           }   
 
  40. 
     
  41. 
           public  static  void  TotalPrice()   
 
  42. 
           {   
 
  43. 
               XPathNodeIterator iter = nav.Select( "/bookstore/book" );   
 
  44. 
               Console.WriteLine( "/nTotalPrice:/n" );   
 
  45. 
               while  (iter.MoveNext())   
 
  46. 
               {   
 
  47. 
                   XPathNodeIterator newIter = iter.Current.SelectDescendants(XPathNodeType.Element,  false );   
 
  48. 
                   while  (newIter.MoveNext())   
 
  49. 
                   {   
 
  50. 
                       if  (newIter.Current.Name ==  "price" )   
 
  51. 
                       {   
 
  52. 
                           Console.WriteLine(newIter.Current.Name +  " : "  + newIter.Current.Value);   
 
  53. 
                       }   
 
  54. 
                   }   
 
  55. 
               }   
 
  56. 
               //统计图书总价   
 
  57. 
               Console.WriteLine( "Total price = {0}" , nav.Evaluate( "sum(bookstore/book/price)" ));   
 
  58. 
           }   
 
  59. 
     
  60. 
           //插入节点   
 
  61. 
           public  static  void  Insert()   
 
  62. 
           {   
 
  63. 
               XmlDocument doc =  new  XmlDocument();   
 
  64. 
               doc.Load(@ "../../books.xml" );   
 
  65. 
               XPathNavigator nav2 = doc.CreateNavigator();   
 
  66. 
               //判断是否可编辑   
 
  67. 
               if  (nav2.CanEdit)   
 
  68. 
               {   
 
  69. 
                   XPathNodeIterator iter = nav2.Select( "bookstore/book/price" );   
 
  70. 
                   while  (iter.MoveNext())   
 
  71. 
                   {   
 
  72. 
                       //在当前节点之后插入新节点   
 
  73. 
                       iter.Current.InsertAfter( "<disc>5</disc>" );   
 
  74. 
                   }   
 
  75. 
               }   
 
  76. 
               doc.Save(@ "../../newBooks.xml" );   
 
  77. 
               Console.WriteLine( "/nnewBooks.xml saved successful./n" );   
 
  78. 
           }   
 
  79. 
       }   
 
  80. 
  }   
 
   book.xml: 
  
     01. 
     <? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8"  ?>   
    
     02. 
     < bookstore >   
    
     03. 
        < book  genre = "autobiography"  publicationdate = "1991"  ISBN = "1-861003-11-0" >   
    
     04. 
          < title >The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin</ title >   
    
     05. 
          < author >   
    
     06. 
            < first-name >Benjamin</ first-name >   
    
     07. 
            < last-name >Franklin</ last-name >   
    
     08. 
          </ author >   
    
     09. 
          < price >8.99</ price >   
    
     10. 
        </ book >   
    
     11. 
        < book  genre = "novel"  publicationdate = "1967"  ISBN = "0-201-63361-2" >   
    
     12. 
          < title >The Confidence Man</ title >   
    
     13. 
          < author >   
    
     14. 
            < first-name >Herman</ first-name >   
    
     15. 
            < last-name >Melville</ last-name >   
    
     16. 
          </ author >   
    
     17. 
          < price >11.99</ price >   
    
     18. 
        </ book >   
    
     19. 
        < book  genre = "philosophy"  publicationdate = "1991"  ISBN = "1-861001-57-6" >   
    
     20. 
          < title >The Gorgias</ title >   
    
     21. 
          < author >   
    
     22. 
            < name >Plato</ name >   
    
     23. 
          </ author >   
    
     24. 
          < price >9.99</ price >   
    
     25. 
        </ book >   
    
     26. 
     </ bookstore >   
    
 newBooks.xml:编辑后的文档 
  
     01. 
     <? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8" ?>   
    
     02. 
     < bookstore >   
    
     03. 
        < book  genre = "autobiography"  publicationdate = "1991"  ISBN = "1-861003-11-0" >   
    
     04. 
          < title >The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin</ title >   
    
     05. 
          < author >   
    
     06. 
            < first-name >Benjamin</ first-name >   
    
     07. 
            < last-name >Franklin</ last-name >   
    
     08. 
          </ author >   
    
     09. 
          < price >8.99</ price >   
    
     10. 
          < disc >5</ disc >   
    
     11. 
        </ book >   
    
     12. 
        < book  genre = "novel"  publicationdate = "1967"  ISBN = "0-201-63361-2" >   
    
     13. 
          < title >The Confidence Man</ title >   
    
     14. 
          < author >   
    
     15. 
            < first-name >Herman</ first-name >   
    
     16. 
            < last-name >Melville</ last-name >   
    
     17. 
          </ author >   
    
     18. 
          < price >11.99</ price >   
    
     19. 
          < disc >5</ disc >   
    
     20. 
        </ book >   
    
     21. 
        < book  genre = "philosophy"  publicationdate = "1991"  ISBN = "1-861001-57-6" >   
    
     22. 
          < title >The Gorgias</ title >   
    
     23. 
          < author >   
    
     24. 
            < name >Plato</ name >   
    
     25. 
          </ author >   
    
     26. 
          < price >9.99</ price >   
    
     27. 
          < disc >5</ disc >   
    
     28. 
        </ book >   
    
     29. 
     </ bookstore >