一、Spring MVC 框架快速体验
1.1 配置web.xml
1.2 创建Sring 配置文件的applicationContext.xml
1.3 创建model
1.4 创建controller
二、源码分析
2.1 ContextLoaderListener
ContextLoaderListener的作用是启动Web容器时,自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息。因为它实现了ServletContextListener这个接口,在web.xml配置这个监听器,启动容器时,就会默认执行它实现的方法,使用servletContextListener接口。
2.1.1 Spring中的ContextLoaderListener
ServletContext启动之后会调用ServletContextListener的contextInitialized方法。
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
// 初始化WebApplicationContext
initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
try {
if (this.context == null) {
// 初始化context
this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
}
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent);
}
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
// 记录在servletContext中
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.context;
}
else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
return this.context;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
throw ex;
}
}
initWebApplciationContext函数主要是体现了创建WebApplicationConext实例的一个功能架构,从函数中我们看到了初始化的大致步骤
(1)WebApplicationContext存在性的校验
(2)创建WebApplicationContext实例
2.2 DispatcherServlet
在Spring中,ContextLoaderListener只是辅助功能,用于创建WebApplicationContext类型实例,而真正的逻辑实现其实是在DispatchServlet中进行的,DispatchServlet是实现servlet接口的实现类,主要分为以下几个阶段
(1)初始化阶段
(2)运行阶段
(3)销毁阶段
2.2.1 DispatcherServlet的初始化
父类初始化入口
public final void init() throws ServletException {
// 解析init-param并封装在pvs中
PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties);
if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
try {
// 将当前的这个servlet类转换为一个beanWrapper,从而能够以Spring的方式来对init-param的值进行注入
BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this);
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext());
bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment()));
initBeanWrapper(bw);
bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
}
}
// 子类扩展
initServletBean();
}
1.封装及校验初始化参数
public ServletConfigPropertyValues(ServletConfig config, Set<String> requiredProperties)
throws ServletException {
Set<String> missingProps = (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(requiredProperties) ?
new HashSet<>(requiredProperties) : null);
Enumeration<String> paramNames = config.getInitParameterNames();
while (paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String property = paramNames.nextElement();
Object value = config.getInitParameter(property);
addPropertyValue(new PropertyValue(property, value));
if (missingProps != null) {
missingProps.remove(property);
}
}
// Fail if we are still missing properties.
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(missingProps)) {
}
}
}
2.将当前servlet实例化成beanWrapper实例
PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess是Spring中提供的工具方法,主要用于实例化为Spring中可以处理的BeanWrapper类型的实例
3.初始化ServletBean
init的实现委托给了initWebApplicationContext
2.2.2 WebApplicationConext的初始化
initWebApplicationConext方法的主要工作就是创建或刷新WebApplicationConext实例并对Servlet功能所使用的变量进行初始化。
protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
WebApplicationContext rootContext =
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
WebApplicationContext wac = null;
if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
// context实例在构造方法中被注入
wac = this.webApplicationContext;
if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
cwac.setParent(rootContext);
}
// 刷新上下文环境
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac);
}
}
}
if (wac == null) {
// 根据ContextAttribute属性加载WebApplicationContext
wac = findWebApplicationContext();
}
if (wac == null) {
// No context instance is defined for this servlet -> create a local one
wac = createWebApplicationContext(rootContext);
}
if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
// Either the context is not a ConfigurableApplicationContext with refresh
// support or the context injected at construction time had already been
// refreshed -> trigger initial onRefresh manually here.
synchronized (this.onRefreshMonitor) {
onRefresh(wac);
}
}
if (this.publishContext) {
// Publish the context as a servlet context attribute.
String attrName = getServletContextAttributeName();
getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
}
return wac;
}
1.寻找或创建对应的WebApplicationConext实例
2. 对已经是闯进阿德WebApplicationContext实例进行配置及刷新
3. 刷新