Hibernate学习（一）之Hibernate开发环境搭建

Hibernate开发环境搭建

一、下载Hibernate包的下载

官网地址：http://hibernate.org/orm/

下载版本：hibernate-release-4.3.11.Final

 

二、Hibernate jar包介绍

包名	用途
hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar	Hibernate核心包
antlr-2.7.7.jar	Hibernate利用它实现从HQL到SQL的转换
dom4j-1.6.1.jar	解析XML配置文件和XML映射文件
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar	Hibernate注解包
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar	JPA2.1接口库
jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar	用来索引Anotation的
javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar	Hibernate用它来实现PO字节码的动态生成
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar	日志服务通用库
jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar	实现带注释的借口的具体实现类
jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar	JTA规范包

 

三、Hibernate核心配置文件

hibernate.cfg.xml：是Hibernate的核心配置文件，主要功能有：

配置数据库连接的各种属性注册对象关系映射文件。开发阶段的调试信息。运行时的日志信息。

四、搭建Hibernate开发环境

新建javaproject工程。新建libs文件夹，将hibernate中required的所有文件复制到java工程的libs文件夹中，将所连接的数据库驱动包也复制到文件夹下。将hibernate中project下etc下的hibernate.cfg.xml和log4j.properties复制到SRC根目录下。

 

五、测试代码

1、 创建学生表

hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件（hibernate的核心配置文件，hibernate只加载这个配置文件）

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>

    <!-- 第一步：配置数据库连接  必须 -->
   
    <!-- 数据库驱动包 -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    </property>
    <!-- 数据库URL地址 -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
        jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
    </property>
    <!-- 用户名 -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
    <!-- 密码 -->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>

 <!-- 第二步：配置hibernate信息   可选 -->

<!-- 是否输出SQL语句 --> < property name ="show_sql" >true </ property > <!-- 是否格式化SQL语句 格式化就是让sql代码格式好看一点 --> < property name ="format_sql" >true </ property > <!-- 如果对象有更新则重新生成SQL表 create：重新生成 update：更新

          是否自动生成表，如果自己有表，则不需要这个语句
     -->
    <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

 <!-- Hibernate的方言：生成SQL语句的规则 -->
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">
        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
    </property>

<!-- 第三步：注册实体映射文件 -->
< mapping resource ="com/lxit/entity/Student.hbm.xml" /> </ session-factory > </ hibernate-configuration >

 

2、学生类

package com.lxit.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Student implements Serializable{

    public Student(){}
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    public Student(String loginId, String loginPwd, String realName, String phone, String address, String email) {
        super();
        this.loginId = loginId;
        this.loginPwd = loginPwd;
        this.realName = realName;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.address = address;
        this.email = email;
    }
    private String loginId;
    private String loginPwd;
    private String realName;
    private String phone;
    private String address;
    private String email;
    
    public String getLoginId() {
        return loginId;
    }
    public void setLoginId(String loginId) {
        this.loginId = loginId;
    }
    public String getLoginPwd() {
        return loginPwd;
    }
    public void setLoginPwd(String loginPwd) {
        this.loginPwd = loginPwd;
    }
    public String getRealName() {
        return realName;
    }
    public void setRealName(String realName) {
        this.realName = realName;
    }
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public static long getSerialversionuid() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }
    
    
}

 

3、实体映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>

 <!-- 哪个实体类对应哪个表 -->

< class name ="com.lxit.entity.Student" table ="Student" >

<!-- 主键 -->

< id name ="loginId" column ="loginId" > < generator class ="assigned" ></ generator > </ id > < property name ="loginPwd" column ="loginPwd" ></ property > < property name ="realName" column ="realName" ></ property > < property name ="phone" column ="phone" ></ property > < property name ="address" column ="address" ></ property > < property name ="email" column ="email" ></ property > </ class > </ hibernate-mapping >

 

4、测试类

package com.lxit.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.lxit.entity.Student;

public class StudentTest {
    
    //@Test
    public void createTable(){
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
        SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);
        export.create(true, true); //创建表，在控制台输出SQL语句
    }
    
    @Test
    public void add(){
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
        
        //hibernate3.0版本创建sessionFactory的方法
         //SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();  
        
        //hibernate4.0版本创建sessionFactory方法
         StandardServiceRegistryBuilder ssrb = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties());
        ServiceRegistry sr = ssrb.build();
        SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(sr);
        Session session = factory.openSession();        
        Transaction tran = session.beginTransaction();
        
        Student stu = new Student("zhangsan", "123123", "张三", "12345678901", "广东深圳", "zhangsan@163.com");
        
        try {
            session.save(stu);
            tran.commit();
            System.out.println("保存成功！");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            tran.rollback();
        }finally{
            session.close();
            factory.close();
        }
    }
}