简介:
Hessian是一个简单的连接Web服务的二进制协议。
- 客户端和服务端不依赖于其他任何jar,比起webService 它显得轻量许多,比如使用xfire包含核心库和客户端的jar,大小达到了10M ,而最新的hessian-4.0.7 jar大小也只有不到400K.
- 更适合二进制的传输,比起webService.Hessian的 传输速度要高于webService.
- 支持Java,c#,Flex(actionscrpit)
配置:
Hessian的访问分为客户端和服务端,首先都要有Hessian的jar包:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.caucho</groupId>
<artifactId>hessian</artifactId>
<version>4.0.7</version>
</dependency>
首先在pom中添加Hessian的依赖,确保客户端和服务端都有这个jar文件。
接下来我们来看看服务端怎么配置,首先是web.xml文件:
<!-- Hessian通过Servlet提供远程服务,需要将某个匹配的模式映射到hessian服务中, -->
<!-- spring的dispatcherServlet能完成此功能,DispatcherServlet可将匹配模式的请求转发到Hessian服务, -->
<!-- web.xml只是定义了“请求转发器”,该转发器将匹配/remoting/*的请求截获, 转发给context的bean处理。 -->
<!-- 而HessianServiceExporter提供bean服务。 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/remoting/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
和Spring集成,我们不再使用这个类:
<servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet</servlet-class>
这里是拦截所有包含remoting的请求,servlet的名称为remoting,注意这个名称,一会又用到。
然后看看这个文件remoting-servlet.xml是干什么用的呢?
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 用户服务 -->
<bean name="/userClientServiceRemote" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<property name="service" ref="userClientServiceRemote"/>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.darren.comm.client.user.service.UserClientService"/>
</bean>
</beans>
首先在WEB-INF目录下,我们不用在别的地方配置去引用到这个文件,主要靠它的名字,它的名字是这样构成的servet-name + servlet,那么servlet-name是什么呢,就是上边提到的remoting,刚好,于是它的名字就叫remoting-servlet.xml
文件的内容就是提供一个bean供客户端使用, ref="userClientServiceRemote"/>这个依赖是通过Spring扫描后注入的一个bean。
注意:这个bean的名称要加斜线,和普通的bean不同
看一看接口的实现类是怎么配置的:
package com.darren.back.client.user.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.darren.back.back.user.service.UserService;
import com.darren.comm.client.user.service.UserClientService;
import com.darren.comm.exception.BusinessException;
import com.darren.comm.user.po.User;
import com.darren.comm.vo.ResultHandle;
/**
* 用户远程服务接口的实现
*
* @author zhangpanfeng
*
*/
@Component("userClientServiceRemote")
public class UserClientServiceImpl implements UserClientService {
private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(UserClientServiceImpl.class);
/**
* 注入用户服务
*/
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
public ResultHandle<List<User>> findAllUsers() {
ResultHandle<List<User>> resultHandle = new ResultHandle<List<User>>();
try {
List<User> userList = userService.findAllUsers();
resultHandle.setContent(userList);
} catch (BusinessException e) {
LOG.error("Error method <findAllUsers>");
LOG.error(e);
resultHandle.setErrorCode(e.getErrorCode());
resultHandle.setMessage(e.getMessage());
}
return resultHandle;
}
}
好了,到此为止,服务端已配好了,接下来看看客户端怎么访问
客户端引入一个const.properties配置文件,内容如下:
darren_back.serviceUrl=http://localhost:9999/darren_back/remoting
注:这里服务端的端口是9999
这个url包含remoting,所以会走Hessian的路线。
客户端需要配一个bean:
<!-- 用户接口 -->
<bean id="userClientService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="serviceUrl" value="${darren_back.serviceUrl}/userClientServiceRemote" />
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.darren.comm.client.user.service.UserClientService" />
<property name="chunkedPost" value="false" />
<property name="overloadEnabled" value="true" />
</bean>
这样的话,客户端的控制器就可以使用这个bean来访问服务端的内容了
package com.darren.web.user.action;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.darren.comm.client.user.service.UserClientService;
import com.darren.comm.exception.BusinessException;
import com.darren.comm.user.po.User;
import com.darren.comm.utils.StringUtil;
import com.darren.comm.vo.ClientMessage;
import com.darren.comm.vo.ResultHandle;
import com.darren.web.user.service.UserService;
/**
* 用户控制器
*
* @author zhangpanfeng
*
*/
@Controller
public class UserAction {
@Autowired
private UserClientService userClientService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/login")
public String login(Model model, User user) throws BusinessException {
ClientMessage clientMessage = new ClientMessage();
String target = "/home";
ResultHandle<List<User>> resultHandle = userClientService.findAllUsers();
List<User> userList = resultHandle.getContent();
if (userList != null) {
for (User u : userList) {
System.out.println(u);
}
}
return target;
}
}
我们运行一下看看结果:
User [id=135e1bd1-4801-447a-aebb-d1d807c519fd, userName=222, password=BCBE3365E6AC95EA2C0343A2395834DD, createTime=Thu Apr 02 14:07:36 GMT+08:00 2015, updateTime=null]
User [id=2c1214b4-ea09-42f9-9daa-5bf7de1edeaf, userName=qqq, password=B2CA678B4C936F905FB82F2733F5297F, createTime=Thu Apr 02 13:53:54 GMT+08:00 2015, updateTime=null]
User [id=485786f6-7689-4f72-8c34-1539e6e3b67d, userName=111111, password=96E79218965EB72C92A549DD5A330112, createTime=Thu Apr 02 13:42:41 GMT+08:00 2015, updateTime=null]
User [id=b0cab9c2-201c-4fc0-bf65-e4a8a8bb004a, userName=darren, password=96E79218965EB72C92A549DD5A330112, createTime=Wed Apr 01 17:31:32 GMT+08:00 2015, updateTime=null]
User [id=e284f6d0-b871-49e8-9806-6f0118172ff5, userName=aaa, password=47BCE5C74F589F4867DBD57E9CA9F808, createTime=Thu Apr 02 13:56:59 GMT+08:00 2015, updateTime=null]
这是打印的结果信息,到此走通。
漏掉一个问题,我们需要看看ResultHandle类和User类
package com.darren.comm.vo;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 远程调用的返回对象
*
* @author zhangpanfeng
*
* @param <T>
*/
public class ResultHandle<T> implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5396872858744255371L;
/**
* 返回信息
*/
private String message;
/**
* 错误代码
*/
private String errorCode;
/**
* 返回内容
*/
private T content;
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public String getErrorCode() {
return errorCode;
}
public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) {
this.errorCode = errorCode;
}
public T getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(T content) {
this.content = content;
}
}
package com.darren.comm.user.po;
import com.darren.comm.base.po.BaseEntity;
public class User extends BaseEntity {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 8380375210393218806L;
/**
* 用户ID
*/
private String id;
/**
* 用户名
*/
private String userName;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String password;
/**
* 确认密码
*/
private String confirmPassword;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getConfirmPassword() {
return confirmPassword;
}
public void setConfirmPassword(String confirmPassword) {
this.confirmPassword = confirmPassword;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password + ", createTime=" + createTime
+ ", updateTime=" + updateTime + "]";
}
}
package com.darren.comm.base.po;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 基础实体类
*
* @author zhangpanfeng
*
*/
public class BaseEntity implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7982965810132366752L;
/**
* 创建时间
*/
protected Date createTime;
/**
* 更新时间
*/
protected Date updateTime;
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public Date getUpdateTime() {
return updateTime;
}
public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {
this.updateTime = updateTime;
}
}
这些类都被序列化了,为什么要序列化,我们先来看看序列化的作用:
a)当你想把的内存中的对象状态保存到一个文件中或者数据库中时候;
b)当你想用套接字在网络上传送对象的时候;
c)当你想通过RMI(Remote Method Invocation,远程方法调用)传输对象的时候;
所以是要序列化的,否则会报错的。