ASH（Active Session History）——概述（1）！

1、大家都知道v$session里面记录的是活动会话当前的等待，这个也可以通过v$session_wait查看，而v$session_wait_history记录的也只是活动会话的最近10次等待事件。

2、那么想要看活动Session更早的等待事件就只能通过ASH了，ASH的信息通过视图v$active_session_history查看。

3、使用ASH报告可以以几分钟为跨度对数据库进行精确分析。ASH信息是保存在SGA内存中的。

4、我们还可以对一个会话ID、一个SQL_ID、一个程序做他们各自的ASH报告。（ashrpti.sql）

[oracle@linux oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba @?/rdbms/admin/ashrpt.sql

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 11月 1 06:36:43 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


连接到: 
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options


Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

   DB Id    DB Name      Inst Num Instance
----------- ------------ -------- ------------
 1293815896 ORCL                1 orcl


Specify the Report Type
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter 'html' for an HTML report, or 'text' for plain text
Defaults to 'html'
输入 report_type 的值:  html   --生成html格式的ash报告。

Type Specified:  html


Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

   DB Id     Inst Num DB Name      Instance     Host
------------ -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
* 1293815896        1 ORCL         orcl         linux

Defaults to current database

Using database id: 1293815896

Defaults to current instance

Using instance number: 1


ASH Samples in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oldest ASH sample available:  01-11月-11 03:34:14  [    183 mins in the past]
Latest ASH sample available:  01-11月-11 06:36:43  [      0 mins in the past]


Specify the timeframe to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Enter begin time for report:

--    Valid input formats:
--      To specify absolute begin time:
--        [MM/DD[/YY]] HH24:MI[:SS]
--        Examples: 02/23/03 14:30:15
--                  02/23 14:30:15
--                  14:30:15
--                  14:30
--      To specify relative begin time: (start with '-' sign)
--        -[HH24:]MI
--        Examples: -1:15  (SYSDATE - 1 Hr 15 Mins)
--                  -25    (SYSDATE - 25 Mins)

Defaults to -15 mins
输入 begin_time 的值:  -30       --采集30分钟以前的数据。
Report begin time specified: -30

Enter duration in minutes starting from begin time:
Defaults to SYSDATE - begin_time
Press Enter to analyze till current time
输入 duration 的值:           --这里默认是当前时间。
Report duration specified:

Using 01-11月-11 06:07:51 as report begin time
Using 01-11月-11 06:38:17 as report end time


Specify Slot Width (using ashrpti.sql) for 'Activity Over Time' section
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:
--   In the 'Activity Over Time' section of the ASH report,
--   the analysis period is divided into smaller slots
--   and top wait events are reported in each of those slots.

-- Default:
--   The analysis period will be automatically split upto 10 slots
--   complying to a minimum slot width of
--     1 minute,  if the source is V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY or
--     5 minutes, if the source is DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY.


Specify Slot Width in seconds to use in the 'Activity Over Time' section:
Defaults to a value as explained above:
Slot Width specified:


Specify Report Targets (using ashrpti.sql) to generate the ASH report
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- Explanation:
--   ASH Report can accept "Report Targets",
--   like a particular SQL statement, or a particular SESSION,
--   to generate the report on. If one or more report targets are
--   specified, then the data used to generate the report will only be
--   the ASH samples that pertain to ALL the specified report targets.

-- Default:
--   If none of the report targets are specified,
--   then the target defaults to all activity in the database instance.


Specify SESSION_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.SID) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SESSION report target specified:


Specify SQL_ID (eg: from V$SQL.SQL_ID) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
SQL report target specified:


Specify WATI_CLASS name (eg: from V$EVENT_NAME.WAIT_CLASS) report target:
[Enter 'CPU' to investigate CPU usage]
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
WAIT_CLASS report target specified:


Specify SERVICE_HASH (eg: from V$ACTIVE_SERVICES.NAME_HASH) report target:
Defaults to NULL:
SERVICE report target specified:


Specify MODULE name (eg: from V$SESSION.MODULE) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
MODULE report target specified:


Specify ACTION name (eg: from V$SESSION.ACTION) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
ACTION report target specified:


Specify CLIENT_ID (eg: from V$SESSION.CLIENT_IDENTIFIER) report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
CLIENT_ID report target specified:


Specify PLSQL_ENTRY name (eg: "SYS.DBMS_LOB.*") report target:
Defaults to NULL: (% and _ wildcards allowed)
PLSQL_ENTRY report target specified:

Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is ashrpt_1_1101_0638.html.  To use this name,
press <return> to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
输入 report_name 的值:  /u01/app/oracle/ash.html           --生成报告的路径。
... ...
... ...
... ...
Report written to /u01/app/oracle/ash.html