最新centos8 yum安装mysql8

因centos8不在免费服务，需解决yum源不可访问问题（这个问题的原因是：centos8官方已经停止提供服务，相应的yum源也已经移到归档源）

1. 备份原来文件

mv CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo.bak
mv CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo.bak

2. 编辑文件CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo和CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo

注释原来配置，复制下面替换

[BaseOS]
name=Qcloud centos OS - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

最终如下

# CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo
# 
# The #mirrorlist system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick current mirrors that are geographically
# close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates unless you are
# manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the #mirrorlist does not work for you, you can try the commented out
# baseurl line instead.

#[baseos]
#name=CentOS Linux $releasever - BaseOS
#mirrorlist=http://#mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
#gpgcheck=1
#enabled=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial


[BaseOS]
name=Qcloud centos OS - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

vim CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo

注释原来配置，复制下面替换

[AppStream]
name=Qcloud centos AppStream - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

最终如下

# CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo
# 
# The #mirrorlist system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick current mirrors that are geographically
# close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates unless you are
# manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the #mirrorlist does not work for you, you can try the commented out
# baseurl line instead.

#[appstream]
#name=CentOS Linux $releasever - AppStream
#mirrorlist=http://#mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
#gpgcheck=1
#enabled=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial


[AppStream]
name=Qcloud centos AppStream - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

3. 刷新yum缓存

yum clean all && yum makecache

mysql安装

centos8上通过yum安装MySQL

1. 检查系统是否已安装MySQL相关，如果有则全部清除干净

#列出MySQL相关的安装包
 rpm -qa | grep mysql
#依次删除安装包
yum remove mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el8.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el8.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el8.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-devel-8.0.22-1.el8.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el8.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el8.x86_64

2. centos8下安装MySQL8的yum源

#下载源(可自行到官网下载)
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el8-3.noarch.rpm
#安装源
yum install mysql80-community-release-el8-3.noarch.rpm
# 安装完成mysql源，在执行一下yum源刷新（一开始我没执行，安装到最后一步报错，又重新卸载在安装，烦~）
yum makecache

3. 关闭默认的MySQL（一定要执行，不然安装时会提示找不到包）

yum module disable mysql

4. 查看yum源支持的mysql版本

yum repolist all | grep mysql

[root@Canteen ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-8.0-community        MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community              禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community - Source     禁用
mysql-connectors-community         MySQL Connectors Community               启用
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community - Source      禁用
mysql-tools-community              MySQL Tools Community                    启用
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Source           禁用
mysql-tools-preview                MySQL Tools Preview                      禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source             禁用
mysql80-community                  MySQL 8.0 Community Server               启用
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Source      禁用

5. 可通编辑配置，以禁用或启用某个版本

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
修改enable即可，0代表禁用，1代表启用

6. MySql8安装（输入 y 下一步直到安装完成）

yum install mysql-community-server

7. 启动MySQL服务，查看运行状态，开机自启

# 启动
systemctl start mysqld
# 状态
systemctl status mysqld

8. 开机自启动设置

# 开机自启
systemctl enable mysqld
# 重新加载系统配置，使开机自启立马有效
systemctl daemon-reload

9. 查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
或者
vim /var/log/mysqld.log
# 如下
[root@Canteen ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-07-07T04:16:56.991242Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q(3jLLOkj*iQ

10. 修改密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@WSX3edc';
flush privileges;

11. 切换用户、查看用户数据库

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+

12. mysql远程访问设置、查看用户数据库

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| root             | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

13. 密码加密规则还原成mysql_native_password

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '1qaz@WSX3edc';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

导入

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