laravel之http请求路由

1、路由基本使用实例
   a.默认示例
     Route::get('/',function(){
        return view('welcome');
     });
   b.Get请求示例，对页面常见的请求有get post
     Route::get('/home',function(){
          return 'Hello world !';
     });
   c.Post请求示例
     Route::get('/testPost',function(){
         $csrf_token = csrf_token();
         $form = <<<FORM
           <form method="post" action="/post">
              <input type="hidden" name="_token" value="$csrf_token">
              <input type="submit" name="btn" value="提交">
           </form>
<<<FORM;
         return $form;
     });
     Route::post('/post',function(){
          return 'Hello Laravel';
     })
    d.其他便捷路由
     Route::match(['get','post'],'/hello',function(){
         return 'vagrant add box metadata.json';//match 匹配多种请求
     });
     Route::any('/hello',function(){
         return 'bash init.sh'; //any 匹配任意请求
     });
2、路由参数使用示例
    a.必选参数
      Route::get('/hello/{name}',function($name){
          return "hello {$name} !";
      });

      Route::get('/hello/{n