效果
—————点击查询用户后:
环境搭建及依赖
这里使用的处理器映射器是SimpleUrlHandlerMapping,对应的处理器适配器是HttpRequestHandlerAdapter
依赖引入
SpringMVC依赖:
spring-web
spring-webmvc
Servlet依赖:
javax.servlet-api
JSTL依赖(JSP标准标签库,这里我们需要用到一些基本的JSP标签)
jstl
standard
配置文件
springmvc.xml springmvc的配置文件
web.xml web项目的配置文件
pom.xml 基于maven搭建项目的组织文件
java实现类
UserController.java (需要实现HttpRequestHandler接口)
User (实体类,用于表示一个用户数据)
jsp文件
index.jsp 首页,有查询用户的按钮
user.jsp 展示查询用户的数据
文件目录结构
整体过程
理解整体过程,重点是需要理解springmvc的整体运作过程.
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>mvc_usertable</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/jstl/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/taglibs/standard -->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!--主页-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/pages/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--配置文件位置-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
springmvc.xml
如果没有代码提示,就是约束没有给对.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--注册controller-->
<bean id="userController" class="com.zsb.controller.UserController"></bean>
<!--配置处理器映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<!--将getUserList.do请求映射到上面注册的controller-->
<prop key="/getUserList.do">userController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!--配置视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>
</beans>
UserController.java
import com.zsb.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestHandler;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class UserController implements HttpRequestHandler{
public void handleRequest(HttpServletRequest Request, HttpServletResponse Response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
User user1 = new User(1,"TOM",25,"male");
User user2 = new User(2,"Marry",20,"female");
User user3 = new User(3,"peter",30,"male");
userList.add(user1);
userList.add(user2);
userList.add(user3);
//将用户信息放入Request对象里
Request.setAttribute("userList",userList);
//当跳转到user.jsp时,当前请求数据仍然可以被访问到
Request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user.jsp").forward(Request,Response);
}
}
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath =
request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>主页</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
</head>
<body>
<h1>主页</h1>
欢迎进入主页!
<a href="<%=path%>/getUserList.do"><button>查询用户</button></a>
</body>
</html>
user.jsp
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>用户数据页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户数据页面</h1>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
</tr>
<c:if test = "${userList!=null}">
<c:forEach items = "${userList}" var = "user">
<tr>
<td>${user.userId}</td>
<td>${user.userName}</td>
<td>${user.age}</td>
<td>${user.sex}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</c:if>
</table>
</body>
</html>