Centos8安装MySQL8

一、下载

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

二、解压安装

1.创建/usr/local/mysql文件夹

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql

2.将下载好的MySQL安装包上传至/usr/local/mysql

3.解压安装

解压zx文件

xz -d /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 

得到mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar：

解压tar文件

tar -xvf /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar -C /usr/local/mysql

修改文件夹名称

mv /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29

创建data文件夹

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29/data

创建mysql用户组

groupadd mysql

添加mysql用户

useradd -g mysql mysql

授权用户

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29

拷贝mysql.server至/etc/init.d/mysql 添加mysqld服务到系统

cp /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --level 2345 mysql on #设置开启自动启动

新建 /etc/my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf 

加入以下内容：

[client]  
default-character-set=utf8mb4  
#password   = your_password  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# The MySQL server   
[mysqld]  

#配置mysql的文件夹 和 mysql data目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29/data
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
character-set-server=utf8mb4  
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
skip-external-locking  
key_buffer_size = 16K  
max_allowed_packet = 64M  
table_open_cache = 4 
sort_buffer_size = 64K  
read_buffer_size = 256K  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K  
net_buffer_length = 2K  
thread_stack = 128K  
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id   = 1 

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates  
#log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended  
#binlog_format=mixed  

[mysqldump]  
quick  
max_allowed_packet = 64M  

[mysql]  
default-character-set = utf8mb4
no-auto-rehash  
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]  
key_buffer_size = 8M  
sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]  
interactive-timeout

初始化基础信息，最后一行后面会有个随机的初始密码保存下来一会登录要用(如果忘记了就删掉data重新初始化)

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29/bin/

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29

记住密码：

./mysqld_safe --user=mysql

这里如果报错

> ./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

执行：

sudo ln -s /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5

或者：
出现该问题首先检查该链接库文件有没有安装使用 rpm -qa|grep libaio命令进行核查
运行该命令后发现系统中无该链接库文件
使用命令，yum install libaio-devel.x86_64安装

将mysql命令添加到服务

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.29/bin/mysql /usr/bin

连接数据库

./mysql -uroot -p

然后输入之前保存的随机密码

修改密码

123456为你的新密码：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
flush privileges;

开放外网可以访问：

use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user='root';
flush privileges;

开放防火墙

firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
 firewall-cmd --reload

启动命令

service mysql start   #启动MySQL
service mysql stop    #停止MySQL
service mysql restart #重启MySQL
service mysql status  #查看MySQL状态