English介绍-simpler

English介绍-simpler

 

Elementary

Lesson1|一般现在时：肯定

一般现在时，是一种英语语法形式。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性（即事实）的动作或状态。在英语语法中，“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指动作的样子和状态。

 

一般现在时：肯定

需要这样的肯定句结构：

主语 + 动词 + XX

I work here

You work here

You like coffee

 

如果主语是第三人称单数，那么要在动词结尾加s|es

He works here

She like coffee

 

 

 

Lesson2|名词复数

复数名词|名词复数

为了构成复数形式要在名词词尾加s|es

I like my cat

I like cats

Cats like boxes

My child likes cats

 

Lesson3|一般现在时：问题

一般现在时：问题

对现在时进行提问，需要这样的结构

do+主语+动词+xx

do you eat meat？

 

第三人称单数的主语用does代替do

does he drink milk？

 

 

 

Lesson 4|一般现在时：否定

一般现在时：否定

为了现在时的否定形式，需要这样的结构

主语+ do+not +动词+xx

you don‘t read book

 

第三人称单数的主语用doesn‘t代替don’t

he doesn‘t read books

 

 

 

Lesson 5|动词have有，拥有

1. 动词Have-有，拥有

要是表示你有什么-则说“我有”有-have

你会得到

主语 + have + XX

I have a car

 

1. 当主语是第三人称单数ta和名词（名词一般是第三人称），用has代替have

He has a sister

This house has an elevator

 

1. 如果需要提问，请使用这个句子结构跟have

Do|Does + 主语 + have + XX

Do you have a car?

Does he have a car?

Do we have time?

 

1. 为了表示否定意义用这个句子结构跟have：

主语 + (do|does+not) + have + XX

I don’t have time

He doesn’t have time

The house doesn’t have an elevator

 

Lesson 6|Be动词-是|are/is的使用场景

形式be（是）：

I---am，简写I’m

He,she,it—is,简写’s

You,we,they—are，简写’are

 

is仅限于三单

are可用于第一二三人称的单复数

 

Lesson 7|be动词：现在时表否定

1. 用此结构表示现在时的否定意义be：

主语 + am|is|are + not + XX

I’m not busy

 

1. Be动词否定意义的略语：

Am + not = 没有缩略词

Is + not = isn’t

Are + not = aren’t

 

My parents aren’t at home

He isn’t my brother

 

Lesson 8|be动词：现在进行提问

使用be动词提问，表示现在发生行为

Am|is|are + 主语 + XX ？

 

Am I happy?

 

Lesson 9|一般现在时：副词

副词（Adverb 简称adv.）是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词

用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念

 

时间频率副词

主要表示“什么时候”“经常与否”形容动作所做的次数或频繁程度”

now，then，often，always，usually，next，after，lastday，already(已经)，generally(一般地)，

 

地点副词

表示地点与位置关系的副词，用来说明动作是在什么地方发生的。

here， there， everywhere， anywhere，somewhere， in， out， inside， outside，

 

1. 副词在句子中的结构

主语 + 副词 + 动词 + XX

Always=总是

Never=永远不

 

I always wake up late

He always use the elevator

 

1. 副词在句子结构跟be动词

主语 + am/is/are + 副词 + XX

Often=经常，常常

Usually=常常

 

I’m always right

I’m usually right

 

1. 这些副词一般在句子的开头或结尾：

Sometimes=有时候

Every day=每天

 

Sometimes I wake up late

I go to work every day

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lesson 10|疑问词

Where=在哪儿

When=什么时候

How=怎么

Why=为什么

 

Where do you live?

When does the movie start?

How does the movie end?

 

Who=谁

What=什么

Which=哪个

 

What do they eat?

Which color do you like?

 

结构应该是

Where|when|how|why + do|does + XX

 

2） 对主语提问后面跟肯定句一样：

Who|what + 动词 + XX ?

 

Who works here?

Who likes Chocolate?

 

 

Lesson 11|简单回答问题

协助主要动词构成谓语的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb），

也叫辅助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。助动词用来构成时态和语态。

助动词具有语法意义，但除情态助动词外没有词汇意义，不可单独作谓语。它没对应的汉译，

例如： He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语

 

1. 短的肯定回答：

Yes + 主语 + 助动词

 

Yes,I do

Yes,she does

1. 短的否定回答：

No + 主语 + （助动词+not）

 

No, I don’t

No,We don’t

No, he doesn’t

 

1. 短的回答+be：

Yes + (主语 + am|is|are)

No + (主语 + am|is|are) + not

 

Yes,I’m

Yes,They are

No,he’s not

No,I’m not

 

 

Lesson 12|一般过去时：肯定

要添加动词词尾ed过去的主张：

主语 + （动词+ed） + XX

I used the elevator

We like the movie

It happened again

 

 

Lesson 13|一般过去时：问题和否定

1. 对过去时的行为进行提问，需要使用这个句子结构

Did + 主语 + 动词 + XX ?

Did you call?

Did she call yesterday?

Did the boss get the message?

 

1. 对否定过去发生的行为，使用这个句子结构

主语 + (did + not) + 动词 + XX

I didn’t get your message

He didn’t hear your call

It didn’t work yesterday

 

 

Lesson 14|was和were的使用场景|be动词：表示过去的肯定式

 

形式be过去时：

Was=单数 主语I,he,she,it                        只要是单数后面就跟was

Were=复数 主语 we，they，you         只要是第二人称或复数后面就跟were

I was alone

We were together

They were friends

He was on vacation

 

Ps

Were=are的过去式

Was=第一人称和第三人称的过去式

Lesson 15|be动词：过去的问题和否定回答

1. 对过去的行为进行提问  需要使用这个句子结构跟be的过去式

Was|were + 主语 + XX ?

Was it easy?

Was the test difficult?

Were you at home?

Were your parents at home?

 

1. 否定过去的行为  需要使用这个句子结构跟be过去时

主语 + wasn’t|weren’t + XX

I wasn’t at home

You weren’t at home

The test wasn’t difficult

They weren’t together

 

Lesson 16|一般过去时：时间状语

Yesterday=昨天

Last week=上个星期

这些副词放在句子的开头或结尾

 

Lesson17|一般将来时：肯定

将来会发生的行为 用此句子结构
主语 + will + 动词 + XX
Will跟代词短到 ‘ll
代词：代替名词的词
I will be at home
I’ll be at work
They’ll be at home
My father will be at work

 

Lesson18|一般将来时：问题与否定

1)    对将来要进行的行为进行提问=你将会XX 需要用到这样的句子结构
Will + 主语 + 动词 + XX ?
Will you call me?
Will you boss call me?
Will you think about it?

2)    对将来的行为进行否定=我将来不会XX 需要使用这样的句子结构
主语 + will + not + 动词 + XX
Will和not短到won’t
I will not tell you
She won’t tell you
The police won’t help you

 

Lesson19|代词

人称代词：
主格：Me=我，You=你
宾格：Us=我们，Them=他们
He loves me
I love you
I hate them
They see us

人称代词：
宾格：Him=他
宾格：Her=她
宾格：It=它
I know him
I hate it
Do you know her?

 

Lesson20|与（be）动词相关的问题

1)    对be动词现在时进行提问 需要用到这个句子结构
疑问句 + am|is|are + 主语 + XX
Where am I ?
Who are you ?
Where is my phone ?

2)    对be动词过去时进行提问 需要使用这个句子结构
疑问句 + was|were + 主语 + XX
Where was I ?
Where were you ?
Why was he at home ?

3)    对be动词将来时进行提问 需要使用这个句子结构
疑问句 + will + 主语 + be + XX
Where will it be ?
Where will you be ?
When will they be at home ?

 

Lesson21|词汇：介绍自己

i travel everyear
we met yesterday

 

lesson22 词汇：五官

i see you
he falt sick

 

lesson23 词汇：购物

i‘ll pay in cash

 

lesson24 词汇：掌握信息

i thought about it
i understood you
i always forget the way
we forgot the way

i know address
my friends knew about it

 

lesson25 词汇：动作

一般过去时动词不加s，不分三单人称
i put sugar in my coffee
he throws very far
you threw the bottle on the floor
the painting fell on the floor
the bed stands on the floor
the table stood here
i go to work everyday
we went home

 

lesson26 词汇：日常生活

i usually wake up early
he had a car 他已经有辆车
 i get to work by bus
he got to work early
i make good coffee
i made dinner
they spend everyday together
we spent a week together

 

lesson27 句词：动作行为

i take english lessons  我在上英语课
i took shower 我已经洗过澡了
she always brings food
we brought pizza
you lost your keys 你弄丢了你的钥匙
he found my keys  他们已经找到了我的钥匙

 

lesson28 词汇：生活

i eat vegetables everyday
i ate the bread
she doesn't drink wine
who drank the milk？
i sleep enough
i slept at home
you always do homework
he never does the homework

 

lesson29 词汇：物主限定词

物主代词
my我的，your你的｜你们的
our我们的，their他们的
i found your phone
we saw their new house
they took our car
物主代词
his他的，her她的
its它的，对非动物
i have his number
he knows her number

为了表示属于某个对象，我们会加‘s，或复数s’
it's my neighbor’s dog
I took my father’s car
We took my parent’s car

 

lesson30 日常用语
hi joe

 

lesson31 1-10

 

lesson32 序数词

顺序数词
first第一，second第二
third第三，fifth第五
其余的是由-th
you’re our first costumer
Second door on the left

 

Lesson33 星期

I have yoga on Monday 

 

Lesson 34 月份

January 
February
March
My birthday is in january

 

Lesson35 表示时间的前置词 第一部分

at一天中的时间
on星期几或周几，号或周
in年月四季
I usually wake up at seven
On Tuesday I have an exam
My birthday is in summer 

 

Lesson 36 表示时间的前置词：固定搭配

At the weekend 
At night 
At lunchtime 
We have a party at the weekend 
I’m always hungry at night 
We’ll talk at lunchtime 

On the weekend         周末
On Monday morning 星期一早上
We’ll meet them on the weekend 
I’ll leave on Monday morning 
My friends arrived on Wednesday evening 

In the morning 
In the afternoon 
In the evening 
I have classes in the morning 
My son has classes in the afternoon 
Our flight is in the evening 

 

Lesson 37 表示时间的前置词：特例

介词on/in/at不放在前面
last上个，next下个
this这个，every每个
Last spring we went to Italy 
Next spring we’ll go to France
I have a date this Sunday
We meet every Saturday 

 

Lesson 38 请求

命令式/指挥式
动词+XX
Don’t +Verb+XX
Open the Window 
Close the Window 
Don’t close the Window 
Don’t follow me 

礼貌的请求：
please+动词
could you+动词？
Close the window please 
Could you close the window 
Don’t open the window please 

 

Lesson 39 语句

建议做什么事：
Let’s xx
Why don’t we 我们为什么不xx
Let’s dance 
Let’s play a game 
Why don’t we play a game 

 

Lesson 40 方位介词

 

英语前置词（preposition，adposition的一种，还有后置词postposition），
表示名词、代词等与句中其它词的关系，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语，
表示与其他成分的关系。

地方介词
in里面
on上面
at旁边
The beer is in the fridge 
The juice is on the table 
We sit at the table 

方面的介词
to向，超
into到xx里面
out of 从xx里面（走出），off离开（某处）
We went to a restaurant 
We got into the car 我们上了车
They got out of the car 他们下了车
The cat jumped off the couch 猫从沙发上离开

 

Lesson 41在这，在那儿，这个和那个

here这里
there那里
I keep my money here 
We spent a week there
I won’t go there 
This这个
That那个
These这些
Those那些
I like this dress 
I need these shoes 

 

Lesson 42 can 能，会

肯定行为用can这样组成
I can cook

用can这样提问
can+主语+动词+XX ？
Can you cook?

否定词与can连用
主语+can not +动词+XX
can和not 简写为can’t/cannot 
I can’t cook
She cannot sing

 

Pre_intermediate

Lesson 1 数量限定词some和any

some 一些
any 多少
not…any 一点也不（用于否定）
I need some money
Do you need any money?
I don’t need any rest

Something 某事，某物
Somewhere在某处
Anything随便什么/任何事（否定）
Anywhere随便哪儿/任何地方
I heard something 
I didn’t say anything 
I saw your keys somewhere 
Did you see my phone anywhere?

 

Lesson 2 许多，much，many，a lot of

这个词的变种很多
many-很多，许多，用于可数名词
much-用于不可数名词
A lot of -这两种类型都可以
Do you have many friends
It won’t take much time
She has a lot of friends 
It takes a lot of space 

a lot of 常见于陈述肯定句中
much和many在疑问和否定句中使用
We have a lot of money 
We don’t have much time
Does the house has any rooms?
I met a lot of people 

 

Lesson 3 少 few and little

单词选项：少，一点
few-用于可数名词
little-用于不可数名词
Few people know about it 
We have little time
He made few mistakes 

可以通过否定表达少量的东西
Not + many/much
He did not make many mistakes 
I don’t add much sugar 
Not many people know about it

冠词a（an）改变意义
a few-几个，一点（可数名词）
a little-几个，一点（不可数名词）
We have a little time before the flight 
I have a few tickets
He made few mistakes in the test
Add a little sugar

 

Lesson 4冠词

冠词表示，某个特定或任意的主题
the 关于某种特定的，熟悉的
a（an）关于任意的，任何的
I saw a girl
The girl was pretty 
I’m an actor 
The actor was good in that movie 

The满足以下条件
1、反复 提到
2、独一无二的
3、给予 准确说明（其中）
The dress was expensive 
Look at the sky
Where is the dress that I bought yesterday 

对于复数情况，将使用冠词the，而不使用冠词a（an）
实际看下来，还是看特指与泛指
We’re actors
We’re the actors from that movie 
He can’t talk to girls 

 

Lesson 5 冠词：特例

如果对象前面有代词，则不使用冠词
如：this/that/my/her
She’s in her room 
This city is very big 
Do you know those people?
They love their country 

代词不用于专有名词之前（除了河流，海洋的名称，他们都放在the之后）
I live in Ukraine
We went to paris
Did you swim in the Red Sea 
Don’t swim in the Neil 
I looked at the sky
Don’t look at the sun
We sent a man to the moon

 

Lesson 6 持续时间的方法

如果该行动现在发生，但尚未完成
主语 + am/is/are + 动词 ing
I am working 
We are working 
He is sleeping 
The kids are sleeping 

 

Lesson 7 持续时间的问题和否定

问题-此刻 “是否”正在行动
Am/is/are + 主语 + 动词 ing？
Are you listening to me?
Is he laughing?
Am I sleeping?

否认此时正在发生的行为
主语+am/is/are+not+动词 ing
I’m not crying 
He’s not listening to me 
The kids are not sleeping 

 

Lesson 8 状态动词

Understand 
Believe 
它通常不使用持续时态
I understand you
We believe you 
Do you understand me?

Promise -承诺
Remember-记忆
He remembers the way
Do you promise?
I don’t remember her name

See
Hear
它通常不使用持续时态
I hear your voice 
Do you see me?
Do you hear that noise?

 

Lesson 9 过去持续的时间

该行动发生在过去，当时尚未完成
主语+was/were+动词 ing
I was taking a shower 
We were watching tv
He was watching tv when we came

在过去的某个时刻是否发生过的行动
was/were +主语+动词ing？
Were you sleeping when I called?
Were the kids sleeping when you came home?
Was he having breakfast?

某行为在过去的某个时刻没有发生
主语+was/were+not+动词ing
I wasn’t listening
You weren’t listening to me 
The kids weren’t sleeping when we came home 

 

Lesson 10 未来持续的时间

此行为将在指定时间发生，且不会完成
主语+will+be+动词ing
I will be waiting outside 
We’ll be waiting outside 
I’ll be sleeping all day 

该行为是否会在某个时刻发生
will+主语+be+动词ing？
Will you be working at that time?
Will he be working?
Will you be traveling alone?

这一行动将不会出现在未来某一时刻
主语+won’t +be+动词ing
I won’t be working at that time 
We won’t be doing anything 
Our store won’t be working this weekend 

 

Lesson 11 无人称句

如果不能确定谁执行的动作，使用it+be
it+is｜was+XX
it+will+be+XX
It is cold 
It was cold 
It will be hot there

没有明确的对象，发生行为
Is/was+it+XX?
Will+it+be+XX?
Is it cold outside?
Was it hot?
Will it be cold there?

否定句中没有执行行为的主体
It+is/was+not+XX
It+won’t+be+XX
It’s not hot here 
It wasn’t too late 
It won’t be hot there 

无人称句跟动词
get-成为
rain-下雨
snow-下雪
Its getting late 
It’s raining 
It snows here everyday 

 

Lesson 12 there is 短语

如果重要的不是物品所在的位置，而是在指定位置的是什么
There+is/are/was/were+subject +位置place
There is a spider on the wall 
There are spiders on the wall 
There was juice in the fridge
There were two bottles in the fridge
单数用is，复数用are
单数+过去时用was，复数+过去时用were

问题是-指定地点有什么东西吗
is/are/was/were+there+subject+place?
Is there any water in the bottle?
Are there any spiders on the wall?
Was there food in the fridge?
Were there any mosquitoes on the wall?
单数用is，复数用are
单数+过去时用was，复数+过去时用were

当事情不在指定的地点
There+is/are/was/were+not+subject+place
There isn’t any food in the fridge 
There aren’t any clouds in the sky
There wasn’t any food in the fridge
There weren’t any flights in the afternoon

将来时
There+will+be+subject
Will+there+be+subject?
There+won’t+be+subject
There will be drinks at the party 
There won’t be food at the party 
Will there be music at the party?

 

Lesson 13 系动词-动词不定式

在合成谓语动词，其中一个动词可以加语气词to：
基本动词+to+动词
to+动词=就是动词不定式（动词原形）
I want to sleep 
We want to sleep 
She needs to eat

语气词可以翻译为：为了
He did it to get your attention
I exercise to feel good 
I called to ask you something 

不定式也可以用于形容词和名词之后
It’s easy to say 
It’s good to be here again 
You need a key to open the door 

动词不定式也叫做非谓语动词，其结构为 to+动词原形，to叫做小品词，没有实际含义。

动词不定式既然叫做非谓语动词，很明显，在句中除了不能做谓语，其他成分都可以充当

 

Lesson 14动作重定向

如果在动词和不定式之间放置一个对象
那么他将开始在不定式中发生动作
verb+subject+（to+verb）（动词不定式）
I want you to help me 
He wants us to stay here 
I need you to listen to me
 

Lesson 15 系动词-动名词

在合成谓语有的动词有结尾ing
基本动词+动词+ing
动词+ing—动名词
I enjoy cooking
I avoid talking to him
Do you like working here here?
动名词不仅可以履行动词的作用，还可以履行名词
Learning English is easy 
Running is good for you 
I don’t like her singsong 

Lesson 16 句汇—动词与副词

wait for—等
Listen to—听
Look at—看
We’re waiting for the train 
I’m listening to you 
Look at the sky

Approve of—认可
Ask for —请求
Depend on —依靠/取决于
I asked for help 
She doesn’t approve of your smoking 
It depend on the traffic 

 

Lesson 17 词汇-颜色

Black 
White 
Red
Green
Strawberry is red
Do you have black shoes?
Yellow 
Blue
Purple 
Pink
I painted the walls blue 
My shoes are pink
is仅限于三单，are单双都可以

 

Lesson 18 将来时-going to

Be going to 将做什么
主语+am|is|are+going to+行为
I am going to visit my parents 
He’s going to buy a car
We’re going to celebrate our anniversary at home

打算进行一项具体的动作行为吗？
Am|is|are+主语+going to +behavior?
Am I going to call him?
Are you going to eat this?
Is he going to buy a new apartment?

没有计划做某些行动
主语+am|is|are+not+going to +verb
I am not going to eat this
We’re not going to celebrate New Year’s Eve 
He’s not going to buy a new car 

Lesson 19 表示过去的意图

 

这个动作曾在计划中
Subject+was|were+going to +behavior
I was going to throw in the trash 
我正要扔垃圾
We were going to visit our parents 
我们曾计划拜访我们的父母
he was going to call 

Postscript
Were/was的用法参考lesson 14

曾在计划中吗？
Was|were + subject+going to +behavior?
Were you going to eat this?
Was he going to come?
Were you going to throw this in the trash?

没有计划好
Subject +was |were+not+going to +behavior
I wasn’t going to drink your coffee 
My parents weren’t going to visit me 
I wasn’t going to leave home today 

 

Lesson 20 计划和安排

在你的计划100%确信，你可以形容他们为现在时
Pick up—整理、带离
I’m going to the movies tonight
We’re have lunch together today
Are you picking up the kids from school?
I’m not going to work tomorrow

 

Lesson 21 反身代词

反身代词翻译为 自己、本人：
I----myself —我自己
You—-yourself —-你自己(强调亲自）
You(复数)—-yourselves 你们自己
I made breakfast myself 
I locked myself in the car
Did you make breakfast yourself?
Did you make the coffee yourselves?

We—-ourselves 我们自己亲自，强调或代替we
We—-themselves ta们自己，性别不详 亲自
We can defend ourselves 
They build this house themselves 
My kids made breakfast themselves 

He—-himself 
She—-herself 
It—-itself 它本身
My son cleaned his room himself 
She locked herself in the car
Breakfast won’t eat itself 

 

Lesson 22 时间介词第二部分|do和does的使用场景

from….to｜till      从….到
before—-在xx之前
after—-在xx之后
I work from nine to five 
Dinner is from seven to nine 
I had a snack before lunch 
He doesn’t eat after six 

for=在….期间内
during=在..的时候
while=当..的时候
We talked for two hours 
Somebody was talking during the movie 
He ran away while you were watching tv

In=过…以后
By=在…前面
Till|until=在…以前
Be ready in ten minutes 
I’m going to sleep until lunchtime 
We’ll be ready by five 

postscript
do= 用在第一二人称和人或物是复数时
does=三单
doesn't=三单
Don’t= 用在第一二人称和人或物是复数时

Lesson 23 位置介词第二部分

in front of-在..前面
Behind -在后面
Next to -在旁边
The building is in front of me 
We’re behind you 
You can sit next to me 

Above me 在…上面
Under 在..下面
Between在…中间
A big family above us
You can sit between us 
The remote is under the bed

Lesson 24 方位介词第二部分

Around 在..周围
Across 从..穿过
Along 沿着
I’m driving around this building
I walked across the street 
I was walking along the beach 

up 往上
Down 往下
Through 通过
Over 在….上空
We walked through the crowd
We’re flying over the ocean 

 

Lessons 25 数字 十到十九

We’re meeting at eleven
Come at twelve
We lived there for thirteen years 
I walked there for fifteen years 

成为序数词—加入该端—th
如twelve—twelfth
This is my twelfth call
My son is in eleventh grade 
Today is my seventeenth birthday 
Today is our seventeenth anniversary 

Intermediate 

 

Lesson 1 关于未来的条件句

在什么条件下将来会发生某种事件
if+在现在时的条件+未来的事件
If I pass this exam, I’ll get a new car
I’ll buy you a toy,if you stop crying 
I’ll give you some candy,if you eat your lunch 
If the weather is good,we’ll go to the beach 

If you get a promotion,will you buy a new apartment ?
What will you do,if you pass the exam?
If I don’t buy her a new toy,she’ll start crying 
if you don't pass the exam,you won’t get a new computer 
if it rains tomorrow,we’ll stay at home 
Will she stop crying,if i buy her a new toy
You won’t be late,if you take a cab 
If the weather is good tomorrow ,we’ll go for a walk

 

Lesson 2 动词短语第一部分

短语动词是一个动词，带有改变其含义的介词
look for-寻找
look after-照看、关心
I’m looking for bathroom 
Will you look after my cat?
We were looking for the exit 

Turn on 打开
Turn off 关闭
Turn up 调大音量
Turn down 调小音量
Turn on the light 
Turn off the tv
I turned up the music 
Turn down the tv please 
Could you turn the tv down?
Could you turn the tv up?
Why did you turn off the tv?
we were looking for the bathroom

 

Lesson 3 动词短语第二部分

Get up-起床
Get along-与….和睦相处
Get away with -逃避罪行、避免惩罚
I usually get up at seven
They don’t get along 
How did he get away with this crime

Find out 查明、找出
Give up 投降
Come up with-想出、发明
What did you find out?
Don’t give up 
He came up with a name for our child 

 

Lesson 4 现在完成时|have和has使用场景

描述到目前为止已完成的行为（无论何时）
Subject+have |has+verb(-ed)
I have finished the renovation 
He has finished the renovation 
I’ve watched this movie 
He’s cleaned the kitchen

到目前为止做了什么没有：
have |has+ Subject+verb(-ed)？
Have you tried octopus before?
Have they finished the renovation?
has she watched this movie before?

目前为止尚未完成
Subject+haven’t |hasn’t +verb(-ed)
I haven’t tried seafood before 
He hasn’t surfed before 
We haven’t watched this movie 

Postscript:
Have =第一二人称单复数，第三人称复数they
Has=三单或单数名词
this=打扫了这个厨房
the=看了电影