B/S结构文件的上传以及下载
当我们在项目开发中,一些文件的上传以及下载功能是必不可少的,最近在修改公司项目的bug时就遇到了下载的实现,当时自己想到了前端使用ajax请求后端接口,后端使用i/o流进行下载文件,可是发现ajax请求并不能实现下载的功能,后来又想到使用表单提交进行文件的下载,但是该方法不能提供callback函数,不能对下载进行监听,所以上网搜了搜有一种方法叫$.fileDownload,其可以实现文件的下载并且可以在下载完成时获取一个回调函数,并且可以支持多种浏览器。
一、文件的下载:
前端:$.fileDownload方法请求接口
后端:springmvc框架、使用i/o流进行文件的下载
注意⚠️:在使用$.fileDownload的时候需要引入js文档(根据自己的路径,仅供参考):
<script type="text/javascript" src="../jquery.fileDownload.js"></script>
不多说,来个例子实战一下:
前端代码:
function download() {
//定义后台的接口,注意路径
var url = "/XX/XXX";
$.fileDownload(url, {
data : {
//传到后台的数据
path : "${result.data}"
},
prepareCallback : function(url) {
//下载开始之前得回调函数
},
successCallback : function(url) {
//下载成功之后的回调函数
},
failCallback : function(html, url) {
//下载失败的毁掉函数
}
});
}
后端接口代码:
@RequestMapping("download")
@ResponseBody
public void download(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
{
//获取前台下载的路径
String path = request.getParameter("path");
File file = new File(path);
String filename = file.getName();
InputStream fis;
OutputStream os;
try
{
response.reset();
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + filename);
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=UTF-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Length", String.valueOf(file.length()));
fis = new FileInputStream(file);
os = response.getOutputStream();
int b;
while ((b = fis.read()) != -1)
{
os.write(b);
}
os.flush();
os.close();
fis.close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
后端有个注意点⚠️:
后端代码必须添加response.setHeader(“Set-Cookie”, “fileDownload=true; path=/”);
jQuery以此判断下载是否成功。如果不添加上面的语句,则successCallback回调函数失效
最后:就可以实现文件的下载啦!
二、文件的上传:
前端:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<p>
<input type="file" name="myfile1" value="浏览文件" />
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="上传" />
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
后端:
需要 commons-fileupload-1.2.1 jar包 commons-io-2.0 jar包(依赖)
package www.zuo.Servlet;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@WebServlet("/FileUpload")
public class FileUploadUtil extends HttpServlet
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/* 创建DiskFileItemFactory工厂*/
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
/*定义一个文件上传解析器*/
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
/* 解决上传文件中出现的中文乱码*/
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
/* 设置内存的临界值为500kb*/
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 500);
/* 新建一个目录用于存放大于500k的文件*/
File temp = new File("/Users/zuoxianyong/temp");
factory.setRepository(temp);
upload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 5);
try
{
/* 1. 得到 FileItem 的集合 items*/
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
/* 2. 遍历 items:*/
for (FileItem item : items)
{
/* 若是一个一般的表单域, 打印信息*/
if (item.isFormField())
{
String name = item.getFieldName();
String value = item.getString("utf-8");
System.out.println(name + ": " + value);
}
else
{
String fileName = item.getName();
long sizeInBytes = item.getSize();
System.out.println(fileName);
System.out.println(sizeInBytes);
InputStream in = item.getInputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
/* 文件最终上传的位置*/
fileName = "/Users/zuoxianyong/file/" + fileName;
System.out.println(fileName);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
while ((len = in.read(buffer)) != -1)
{
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
out.close();
in.close();
}
}
}
catch (FileUploadException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
注意⚠️:
当tomcat容器启动失败时报 failed to start component … 基本是找不到jar包,jar包应该放在WEB-INF/lib下面