Java使用POI进行Excel表格的导入导出

POI为“Poor Obfuscation Implementation”的首字母缩写。Apache POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。一般对Excel表格进行操作。

1. pom文件导入poi所需要的依赖

 <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>

2. 准备表格中的数据，先创建一个Student类，属性有name，age，grade。（自己发挥）

    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String grade;

	// 有参
	// 无参
	// getter和setter方法

3. 现在开始编写后端代码

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class TestPOI2 {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        createExcel(getStudent());

        List<Student> student = readExcel();
        System.out.println(student.size());
        System.out.println(student.toString());


    }

    private static List<Student> getStudent() {
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Student student1 = new Student("小明", 18, "二年级");
        Student student2 = new Student("小光", 19, "三年级");
        Student student3 = new Student("小花", 10, "四年级");
        list.add(student1);
        list.add(student2);
        list.add(student3);
        return list;
    }


    /*创建Excel表格*/

    public static void createExcel(List<Student> list) {

        //1.创建一个excel文件
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        //2.创建一个工作表
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("学生表一");
        //3.添加表头
        HSSFRow hssfRow = sheet.createRow(0);//从0开始，是第一行
        //4.设置单元格居中
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);

        //5.添加表头信息
        HSSFCell headCell = hssfRow.createCell(0);//从0开始，是第一行
        headCell.setCellValue("姓名");
        //设置单元格样式
        headCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        headCell = hssfRow.createCell(1);//第二行
        headCell.setCellValue("年龄");
        //设置单元格样式
        headCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);


        headCell = hssfRow.createCell(2);//从0开始，是第三行
        headCell.setCellValue("年级");
        //设置单元格样式
        headCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);


        //6.添加数据内容
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {

            hssfRow = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
            Student student = list.get(i);
            // 创建单元格
            HSSFCell cell = hssfRow.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(student.getName());
            cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);


            cell = hssfRow.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(student.getAge());
            cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

            cell = hssfRow.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(student.getGrade());
            cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);


            //7.保存Excel文件到目标路径
            try {
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:\\student.xls");

                workbook.write(fileOutputStream);
                fileOutputStream.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    /*
    读取Excel表格中的文件
     */
    public static List<Student> readExcel() {

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
        try {
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("E:\\student.xls");
            workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileInputStream);
            fileInputStream.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //循环工作表
        for (int i = 0; i < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {

            HSSFSheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheetAt(i);
            if (hssfSheet == null) {
                continue;
            }

            //循环行
            for (int j = 1; j <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {
                HSSFRow row = hssfSheet.getRow(j);
                if (row == null) {
                    continue;
                }

                //将单元格中的数据存放到list集合中
                Student student = new Student();
                HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(0);
                if (cell == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                student.setName(cell.getStringCellValue());

                cell = row.getCell(1);
                if (cell == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                student.setAge((int) cell.getNumericCellValue());

                cell = row.getCell(2);
                if (cell == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                student.setGrade(cell.getStringCellValue());
                list.add(student);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }
}