初中英语重要句型

初中英语重要句型
as soon as
as…as…
as…as possible
ask sb. for sth.
ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
ask/tell sb. not to do sth.
be afraid of doing sth./ that…
初中英语重要句型
8. be busy doing sth.
9. be famous/ late/ ready/ sorry for…
10. be glad that…
11. buy/ give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/
tell…sth to sb.
12.buy/ give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/
tell sb. sth.
初中英语重要句型
13. either …or…
14.enjoy/ hate/ like/ finish/ stop/ mind/ keep/
go on doing sth.
15. find it+adj.to do sth.
16.get +比较级
17. get ready for/ get sth. ready
18. had better (not) do sth.
初中英语重要句型
19. help sb. (to) do / help sb. with…
20. I don't think that…
21. I would like to/ Would you like to..
22. is one of the +最高级+名词复数
23. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24. It is a good idea to do sth.
25. It is the second +最高级+名词
初中英语重要句型
26. It looks like…/ It sounds like…
27. It seems to sb. that…
28. It sounds +adj./ It looks+adj.
29. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
30. It's bad/ good for …
31. It's time for…/ to do sth.
32. It's two meters(years)long (high, old)
初中英语重要句型
33. keep sb. doing sth.
34. like to do / like doing sth
35. keep/ make sth. +adj.
36. make / let sb. (not) do sth.
37. neither…nor…
38. not…at all
39. not…until…
初中英语重要句型
40. One…the other…/ Some ….others…
41. prefer …to…
42. see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.
43. so …that…
44. spend… on/ (in) doing sth.
45. stop to do/ stop doing sth.
46. such a (an)+adj. +n. that…
初中英语重要句型
47. take/bring sth. with sb.
48. thank sb. for sth.
49. The more…the more…
50. There is something wrong with…
51. too…to…
52. used to…
53. What about/ How about…
初中英语重要句型
54. What's the matter with…
55. What's wrong with…
56. Why not…
57. Will( Would, Could) you please…


一、以形式主语it引导的句型。
句型1. It happened(chanced) that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. = sb. did sth. by chance. 如:
It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如:(还有动词appear可这样使用)
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好象你以去过北京。=He seemed to have been Beijing before.
句型3. It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.如:
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移,及形式)。
It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。(句中am不能用are来代替。)
句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语+should do / did+其它。(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气)
It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)+that+从句. 如:
It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。=He was said to have read this novel.
句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should+do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气。)如:
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。
句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have
done的形式,但should可以省略。)如:
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如:
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。
句型9、It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:
It was this house where I was born.请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词+when+从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11、It is well-known that+从句。如:
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. 众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女。
句型12、It is +段时间+since+主语+did. 请比较:
It was +段时间+since+主语+had done. 如:
It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。
It was five years since he left here.(同上)
句型13、It +谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.( before引导的是时间状语从句。) 如:
It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。
句型14、It is +形容词+for+ sb.+ to do. 如:
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15、It is +(心理品质方面的)形容词+of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词+to do.(常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如:
It is kind of you to help me.=You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。
二、定语从句:
句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知,他是个很好的学生。请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句。)
句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming.
他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)
句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:
This is the house where I used to come.请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。
三、让步状语从句
句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when /
whose+从句,+主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如:
No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么,一定要做好。
No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿,请通知我。
说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.
句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。
四、条件状语从句
句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如:
As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。
Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well.
一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。
句型21、主句+on condition that+从句。如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。
句型22、主句+unless+从句.(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。
句型23、祈使句,+and/ and then+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语。)如:
Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。
Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句,我就揍你。
句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句。如:
If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话,我来做此事。
五、原因状语从句
句型25、主句+in case+从句。(in case表示以免)如:
I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
句型26、主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was
ill.由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。
六、时间状语从句
句型27、When / While / As +从句,+主句。(关于它们之间的区别请看语法。)如:
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。
句型28、主句+after / before +从句. 如:
They hadn’t been married four months before they were
devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。
句型29、主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间).请比较:
主语+否定谓语+until+从句。如:
I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。
I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。
句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句,+主句. 如:
My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家,我父亲就出去了。
句型31、No sooner +had + 主语+done…than +主语+did. 请比较:
主语+had + no sooner +done…than +主语+did. 如:
No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。
I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.
句型32、Hardly +had +主语+done…when / before + 主语+did.请比较:主语+had +hardly +
done…when / before +主语+did.
Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。
She had hardly had supper when she went out.
句型33、By the time+从句,+主句.(注意时态的变化。)如:
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。
By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时,我将写完这本书。
句型34、each / every time +从句,+主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter
when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如:
Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨,总是随便来看看我。
七、地点状语从句
句型35、Where +从句,+主句. 如:
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。
句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句,+主句. 如:
Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿。
I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿。
八、目的状语从句
句型37、主句+in order that / so that +从句.如:
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。
句型38、主句+for + sb. +to do.(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。)如:
He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
九、结果状语从句
句型39、主句+so that+从句. 如:
It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很冷,因此河水结冰了。
句型40、So+形容词/ 副词+特定动词+主语+…+that+从句.
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。
句型41、主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.如:
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快,老师表扬了他。
句型42、Such was + 主语+that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。
十、比较状语从句
句型43、The +形容词比较级……,(主句)the +形容词比较级+……如:
The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。
句型44、主语+谓语+as +形容词原级+as +被比较的对象. 如:
He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。
句型45、主语+谓语+the+形容词比较级+of / between …
He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。
句型46、主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+被比较的对象.如:
This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)
句型47、主语+谓语+百分数/倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象.如:
This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。
The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍。
句型48、主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如:
Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。
十一、其它句型
句型49、It doesn’t matter wh-+从句。如:
It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。
It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。
句型50、形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句.如:
Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小,但他知道得很多。
Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。
句型51、Were / Should / Had +主语+谓语,+主句.如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。
句型52、Only +状语+特定动词+主语+谓语…
Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。
Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。
Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时,我才认识到我错了。
句型53、Not only +特定动词+主语+谓语…but also+主语+谓语…
Not only did he learn English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好,而且法语讲得很流利。
句型54、whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
句型55、主语+doubt+whether + 从句. 请比较:
主语+特定否定词+doubt+that+从句. 如:
I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。
十二.句型1:too +adj./adv.+to do
The boy is too young to go to school.这孩子太小不能上学。
句型2:adj./ad v.+enough to do
The girl is old enough to go to school.这女孩到了上学的年龄。
句型3:...in order to do
He stood up in order to see better.他站了起来,好看清楚些。
句型4:...have to do
You'll have to go home now.现在你得回家了。
句型5:There's no time to do this.
There's no time for me to play now.现在我没时间玩。


书面表达常用句型及短语
1. 学校生活及学习成绩

be obsorbed in … 对……入迷

bury oneself in … 对……入迷

give an excellent performance before the whole class 在全班面前好好表现一番

acquire (obtain)knowledge学习知识

put one’s heart into … 一心扑在……上

be interested in … 对……感兴趣

be fond of … 喜欢/爱好……

like chemistry best 最喜欢化学

be good at … 擅长……

be poor at … 不擅长……

do well in …

(在考试、竞赛中)取得好成绩;干得不错

be weak in … 不擅长……

make progress in … 在……方面取得进步

fail in … 考试不及格

be tired of … 对……感到厌烦/厌倦

pass the examination 通过考试

major in history 主修历史

be getting on well with one’s study

(某人)学业进展得很好

take several courses at school

在学校上几门课

have English (Chinese , Physics…)every (other)day

每天(隔一天)上英语(中文、物理)课……

work hard at (Physics , Chemistry)…

努力学习(物理、化学)…

He has the best record in school.

他的学习成绩最棒。

live up to one’s hope 不辜负某人的期望

learn about …

学习到/知道(某学科知识)/听到,听说/获悉/了解到

succeed in …

在(某方面)成功;在(做某事)上获得成功

be active in class (work)

在课堂上(工作中)表现积极

take an active part in …积极参加……

learn sth . by heart 谙记某事,牢记在心

work out a (maths)problem

解决一个(数学)问题

improve oneself in …在某方面提高自己

get 90 marks for (English)

(英语)考试取得90分

get an “A”in the exam在考试中得到“A”

have a good command of …精通……

lay a good foundation in (language study)

在(语言学习)方面奠定一个好的基础

2. 师生关系

give sb. a passing grade 给予某人及格的分数

examine the students’ homework

检查学生的作业

stand on the platform 站在讲台上

get on well with sb. 与某人相处得很好

raise a question 提问

like to be with students 喜欢与学生相处

be gentle with us 对我们很友善

be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼

be a strict teacher 是一个严厉的老师

be strict with one’s pupils 对学生要求严格

be strict in work 对工作要求严格

think of (sb. / sth.)as…

把(某人或某事)当作……

help sb. with sth. 用……帮助某人

praise sb. for sth . 由于某事赞扬某人

blame sb. for sth . 为(某事)责备某人

give sb. advice on sth.

在……方面给某人建议

question sb. on … 就……质问某人

be satisfied with … 对……满意

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day

仔细批改学生的作业并为明天备课

give sb. a lot of work 给某人很多的工作

try to teach sb. to develop good study habits

努力教某人养成良好的学习习惯

make one’s lessons lively and interesting

使课堂生动并且吸引人

teach sb. sth. 教某人某事

teach sb to do sth . 教某人做某事

devote all one’s time to work

将自己所有的时间都投入工作之中

admire (sb. for)his devotion to the cause of education

佩服某人对于教育事业的献身精神

3. 课外活动及周末生活

have a swim 游泳

have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会

have a picnic over the weekend

周末去野餐

go to the cinema 去看电影

have a party 聚会,开晚会

hold a sports meeting 举行运动会

spend one’s time in many different ways

以多种不同的方式消磨时间

enjoy doing things by oneself 喜欢独自做某事

go swimming 去游泳

go for an outing 去远足

have an outing at (the seashore)去(海边)度假

see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光

play the piano (violin)弹钢琴(拉小提琴)

play chess (basketball)下棋(打篮球)

do some reading 阅读

help sb. do sth . 帮助某人做某事

enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游

get everything ready for 为……做好一切准备

rid one’s bike with sb. to the park

与某人骑车去公园

There are a lot of activities at the beach.

海滨有很多活动。

We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.

我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。

She would like to bring sth . to the picnic.

她愿意为野餐带点东西。

It was a very relaxing Sunday.

这是一个很轻松的星期日。

There are good programmes on TV on weekends.

周末有好的电视节目。

4. 彼此沟通信息

tell sb to do sth. 告诉某人做某事

get information about …了解……

express one’s idea(feelings)in English

用英语表达自己的思想(情感)

write sb a letter saying … 给某人写信说……

apologize to sb. for … 为……向某人道歉

thank you for … 感谢你……

make a speech at the meeting

在会议上发表讲演

take a message for sb. 给某人带口信

send a message to sb. 给某人送口信

hear from sb. 从(某人处)听说,收到某人的信

talk about / of sth . 谈论某事

explain sth . to sb. 向某人解释某事

look upon sb as … 把某人认为……

think sb. to be … 认为某人……

take sb’s side 站在某人一边;支持某人

5. 事件中人的态度

feel bored (embarrassed , nervous , carafree)

觉得很枯燥(尴尬,紧张,无忧无虑)

would like to do 愿意做某事

be unforgettable 是难以忘怀的

show sb one’s thanks 表示感谢

have fears for 感到害怕

My heart beats fast 心跳加速

hesitate for a few minutes 犹豫了几分钟

give sb a meaningful smile

冲某人意味深长的一笑

allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事

keep / prevent sb. from doing sth .

阻止某人做某事

call on sb. to do sth . 号召某人做某事

be afraid to do (be afraid of)sth.

害怕/担心某事

feel like doing sth .

坚持做某事

drive sb. off 赶走某人

speak highly of sb. 高度赞扬某人

speak ill of sb. 诽谤某人

think highly of sb. 对某人评价很高

force sb. to do sth . 强迫某人做某事

offer to do sth . 主动提出做某事

refuse to do sth . 拒绝做某事

agree to do sth . 同意做某事

regret doing sth . 遗憾做过某事

prefer to do A rather than do B

喜欢做A胜过做B

had better do sth . 最好做某事

would rather (not)do sth .

更(不)愿意做某事

6. 事情过程

be woken up by the telephone 被电话吵醒

 

一、 一般现在时
  1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
  2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…),  on Sundays,
  3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
  4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
  5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
  6.例句:. It seldom snows here.
  He is always ready to help others.
  Action speaks louder than words..
[编辑本段]二、 一般过去时
  1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
  2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
  3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词 的过去式
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
  5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
  6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.
  I didn't know you were so busy.
[编辑本段]三、 现在进行时
  1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
  2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
  3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其他
  4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其他
  5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
  6.例句: How are you feeling today?
  He is doing well in his lessons.
[编辑本段]四、 过去进行时
  1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
  2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
  3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其他
  5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
  6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
  When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
[编辑本段]五、 现在完成时
  1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
  2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其他
  4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
  5.一般疑问句:have或has。
  6.例句:I've written an article.
  The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
[编辑本段]六、 过去完成时
  1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
  2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其他
  4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
  5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
  6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
  By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
  基本结构:主语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
  ①肯定句:主语+ had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
  ②否定句:主语+ had+ not+p.p(过去分词)+其他
  ③一般疑问句:Had+主语+p.p(过去分词)+其他
  ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
[编辑本段]七、 一般将来时
  1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
  2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他;主语+will/shall + do+其他
  4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其他
  5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
  6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
  It is going to rain.
[编辑本段]八、 过去将来时
  1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
  2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其他;主语+would/should + do+其他
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were/not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.
  5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
  6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
  I asked who was going there .
[编辑本段]九、将来完成时
  1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
  2.时间状语:by the time of; by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)
  3.基本结构:主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(过去分词)+其他
  4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.
[编辑本段]十、现在完成进行时
  1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。
  2.基本结构:主语+have/has +been +doing+其他
  3.时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。
  4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.
  The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.
[编辑本段]十一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
  在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
  A. He joined the League two years ago.
  B. He has been in the League for two years.
  C. It is two years since he joined the League.
  D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
[编辑本段]十二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
  在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
  Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
  Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
十三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
  在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
  The train is leaving soon.
  The train will leave soon.


一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

  ~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

  例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

  Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

  二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。

  三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)

  例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

  四、There is no denying that + S + V ……(不可否认的……)

  例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

  五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道……)

  例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

  六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的……)

  例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

  七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (……的优点是……)

  例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

  八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 (……的原因是……)

  例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

  九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此……以致于……)

  例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。

  十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然……)

  例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

  十一、The + ~er + S + V,~~~the + ~er + S + V ~~~ The + more + Adj + S + V,~~~the + more + Adj + S + V~~~(愈……愈……)

  例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力,你愈进步。

  The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。

  十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着……,……能够……)

  例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。

  十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (……使……能够……)

  例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

  十四、On no account can we  + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能……)

  例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

  十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是……的时候了)

  例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

  十六、Those who ~~~ (……的人……)

  例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

  十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不……)

  例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。

  十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不……)

  例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。

  十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)

  It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)

  It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)

  例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

  二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是……的原因)

  例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

  二十一、For the past  + 时间,S + 现在完成式……(过去……年来,……一直……)

  例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。

  二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。

  例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中,他一直很用功。

  二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (……是值得的。)

  例句:It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。

  二十四、be based on (以……为基础)

  例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

  二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)

  例句:We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

九大简单基本句型 

  一、简单句的九大基本句型

  1. “主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)

  这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。

  例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.

  分析:“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。

  The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。

  The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。

  2. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)

  这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。

  例:I study English.

  分析:“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

  I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。

  3. “主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)

  这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。

  例:Our teacher taught us English.

  分析:“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。

  4. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)

  这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。

  例: He asked her to go there.

  分析:“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。

  5. “主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)

  这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语,即有形或无形的资源)”。

  例: You have a nice watch. 你有一块漂亮的手表

  分析:“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表,即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。

  6. “There + be + 主语+ …”(即“存在”句型)

  这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。

  例:There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。

  分析:“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。

  7. “主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)

  这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。

  例: I am a teacher. 我是一名老师

  分析:“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。

  She felt very tired. 她感觉到很累。

  He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。

  You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白,病了吗?

  8. 比较句型

  这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。

  1) 相等比较: …as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…;

  …as + 形容词+名词 + as…

  例:He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。

  例:He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多

  2) 劣等比较: …less + 形容词/副词原级 + than …

  例:He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。

  3) 优等比较:…+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than… ;

  …the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two…

  例:She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。

  例: He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。

  4)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物}

  {in + 场所}

  例: He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。

  9. “it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型)

  这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)

  例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。

  分析:本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。


[编辑本段]总介
  主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么。表示句子说的是"什么人"或“什么事”。
  主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体,如“我写字”中的“我”,就是主语,它做出“写”
  这个动作。“写”则是谓语,而“字”是接受谓语“写”这个动作的对象,它因此被称为宾
  语,又如”花死了”中的”花”就是主语,”死了”即是对主语”花”的陈述,所以是谓.有的语法书也称主语为“客体”或“受体”。
  主语可以用这些词类或形式来担任:名词、代词、名词化了的动词、形容词、分词、副词或
  数词等,动词不定式或不定式短语,从句,某些固定词组的第二格。
[编辑本段]英语中的例句
  1. 名词做主语:
  My school is not far from my house.
  2. 代词做主语:
  We like our school very much.
  3. 基数词做主语:
  Two and two is four.
  4. 名词性或名词化的词、词组或短语:
  This is an article.
  5. 动名词做主语:
  Seeing is believing.
  6. 动词不定式做主语:
  To do such a job needs more knowledge.
  7. 从句做主语:
  What I mean is to work harder.
  主语的补语:它用在系动词后,是句子的一个基本成分。常用主-系-表结构。
  1.I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
  我看到她和他们在一起,在最少的时候,至少我认为是她。(her做宾 语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)
  2.. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?
  -- Me. --我。 (me做主语补语= It's me.)
  3.John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. (she做主语补语)
  约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。


宾语
  宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句,所以一个句子中不一定只有一个宾语.
  英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
  说明,除及物动词有宾语之外,英语介词后面也要有宾语。另外,某些形容词如worth,careful等后也可有宾语。
  宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分。即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语统称为"双宾语"。
  My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑。(me是间接宾语,computer是直接宾语)
  She is playing the piano now.她正在弹钢琴。(名词作宾语)
  We all like him.(代词作宾语)
  Give me four.(数词作宾语)
  We all like to go to school.(不定式to go to school作like的宾语。school作to的宾 语)
  We all like swimming.(动名词作宾语)
  I think he is right.(宾语从句作宾语)
  He asked me what I was thinking about at that moment. (me作asked的宾语,[he asked me] 由what疑问代词引导的宾语从句作宾语)
  The book is worth reading.( 形容词worth可有宾语)
  补充现代汉语词典解释:
  宾语是动词的一种连带成分,一般在动词后边,用来回答“谁?”或“什么?”例如“我找厂长”的“厂长”,“他开拖拉机”的“拖拉机”,“接受批评”的“批评”,“他说他不知道”的“他不知道”。有时候一个动词可以带两个宾语,如“教我们化学”的“我们”和“化学”。

 

定语  定义:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
  充当定语的有:主要由形容词担任。此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。
  形容词作定语:
  The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。
  Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。
  There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。
  数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。
  The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。
  There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。
  代词或名词所有格作定语:
  His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。
  His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。
  There are two boys of Tom's there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。
  介词短语作定语:
  The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
  The boy in blue is Tom./穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
  There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。
  名词作定语:
  The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。
  It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔。
  There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。
  副词作定语:
  The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
  The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。
  不定式作定语:
  The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
  The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。
  There is nothing to do today./今天没有事要做。
  分词(短语)作定语:
  The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
  The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。
  There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。
  定语从句:
  The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
  The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。
  There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个。
  定语的位置一般有两种:用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。
  单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
  1)定语前置
  在英语里,一般定语前置时的次序为:限定词,形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语。但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前,我们要注意其次序。其形容词遵循的词序为:限观形龄色国材,指:限定词(一般指数量);外观(美丽等);形状(大小,高矮,肥瘦);年龄;颜色;国籍;材料;用途。如:
  1限定词 2 外观 3形状 4年龄 5颜色 6国籍 7材料 8用途
  A famous American university.
  An interesting little red French oil painting.
  A new plastic bucket.
  A purple velvet curtains
  An elegant German clock
  另外,有些形容词也有特殊的次序:
  1) 描述身体特征的形容词先于表示情感和性格特征的形容词
  例如:a small lovely girl , a long patient queue , a pale anxious patient ;
  2) 表示颜色的形容词放在表示情感和性格特征的形容词之后
  例如:a kindly black teacher ,an inquisitive brown dog ;
  3) little ,old 和young 有时可以作为名词短语不可分割的一部分,所以可以直接放在名词之前,
  例如:a lovely little girl
  4) 表示性格特征的形容词可以放在old young 之前,也可放在old young 之后,例如:
  a young ambitious man (强调年龄) ,an ambitious young man(强调雄心勃勃) 。
  当然,三个以上形容词连用作定语,就显得累赘,因此上面所说的情况一般较少出现.
  2)定语后置(1)短语作定语一般后置
  It was a conference fruitful of results. 那是一个硕果累累的会议。
  He gave me a basket full of eggs. 他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。
  English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英语是一门容易学但是难精通的语言。
  The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.最难教的男生都在他的班里了。
  (2)修饰some,any,no,every等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置
  Let’s go somewhere quiet. 咱们去找个安静一点的地方吧。
  There is nothing important in today's newspaper. 今天报纸上没有什么重要的东西。
  Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么话要说吗?
  (3)副词作定语
  The people here are very friendly. 这里的人很友好。
  They lived in the room above.他们住在楼上的房间。
  (4)动词、名词转化而来的以-able,-ible 结尾的形容词作定语
  He is a person dependable. 他是一个可以依靠的人
  This is the only transportation means available. 这是唯一可行的交通工具。
  (5)起强调用的单个分词
  Everybody involved should stay here.
  The college mentioned.
  (6)特殊词
  Could you tell me something imporpant.


语:名词性的词。(名词,动名词,不定式,the+形容词,特殊疑问句+不定式,代词,数次)

谓语:只能由动词充当(及物动词,不及物动词,系动词)

宾语:谓语动作的承受者,通常位于及物动词之后,或者介词之后。

基本句型有五种,高初中最重要的就是掌握好五种基本句型
1主+谓  eg:Birds fly.
2主+谓+宾  eg:I read the book.
3主+谓+宾+宾语补足语 eg:We call her Ann.
4主+谓+直接宾语+间接宾语  eg:He give me a pen.
5主+系动词+表语   eg:He is my teacher.

 

有五种简单句:
1 主+谓(S+V)
2 主+谓+宾(S+V+OC)
3 主+谓+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)(S+V+IO+DO)
4 主+谓+表(S+V+P)
5 主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+DO+OC)
下面来举例子:
1 Tom is laughing.
  这里的 is laughing 都是谓语动词,这类句型中的谓语动词都是不及物动词。
2 Tom hit me.
  这类句型中的谓语动词都是及物动词,后面必须加宾语,但只跟一个宾语。
3 Tom taugh me a lesson.
  这类句型中的动词都为及物动词,且跟双宾语,即直接宾语(动作的承受者)和间接宾语(动作结果的涉及者)。
4 Tom is friendly.
  这类句型中的动词都是系动词,后面要加标语,说明主语。可担当表语的有形容词、名词、分词、介词短语。
5 Tom made me laugh.
  这类句型中的动词都是及物动词,后面跟一个宾语,但句意仍不完整,后面再跟一部分表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等,这就是宾语补足语(OC)。但当OC的同S+V+P中的P。

当然,这些只是五种最简单的句型,但这是基础,后面还有什么形式主语、定语从句什么的,其实这些句子都见过,只是分不请,说不出名字,学过以后可以方便解题


句子成分有 主语、谓语、宾语(表语)、定语、状语、补语

主语是动作的发出者,一般是名词和物主代词
谓语是动作,是动词和系动词、情态动词
宾语是动作的承受者,一般是名词和代词宾格
定语是修饰名词的,可以理解为形容词,所以修饰主语或宾语
状语修饰动词,一般为副词,修饰谓语
补语初中阶段先不掌握 也不多见
例: The girl likes apples.
主语是 the girl
谓语是 likes
宾语是 apples
The nice girl likes big apples very much.
定语有:nice 修饰主语, big 修饰宾语
状语 very much 修饰谓语,表示程度

 

 

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