1. 介绍
Swagger是一个简单又强大的能为你的Restful风格的Api生成文档工具。在项目中集成这个工具,根据我们自己的配置信息能够自动为我们生成一个api文档展示页,可以在浏览器中直接访问查看项目中的接口信息,同时也可以测试每个api接口。Swagger生成的api文档是实时更新的,你写的api接口有任何的改动都会在文档中及时的表现出来。下面我将详细介绍在项目中如何集成Swagger。
2. 项目环境
jdk1.7,Spring4.1.2,Mybatis3
Spring提供了一个与Swagger的集成工具包springfox,让我们的Spring项目能够更好的与Swagger融合,下面是我的项目环境详细信息。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.shell</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>shiro Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.29</mysql.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.7</mybatis.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心 -->
<!-- springframe start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- springframe end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 阿里巴巴数据源包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Swagger api文档生成工具依赖包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Swagger end -->
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>shiro</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
3. Swagger配置步骤
3.1 自定义配置类实现
Swagger会根据这个配置类的具体实现来生成我们相应的api文档,比如:过滤指定接口
package com.shell.swagger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* @author Administrator
*/
@EnableSwagger2
public class CustomSwaggerConfig {
@Bean
public Docket myDocket() {
Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2);
ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfo("基础框架", "这是一个项目的基础框架结构,构建新项目可以在这个基础上搭建","1.0","apiDocs","1536999495@qq.com","","");
docket.apiInfo(apiInfo);
return docket;
}
}
3.2 将上面的配置类注入到Spring中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.shell"></context:component-scan>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
<!-- 视图 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/static/" mapping="/static/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/static/swagger/" mapping="/swagger/**"/>
<!-- 将我们在上面实现的类在这里声明 -->
<bean class="com.shell.swagger.CustomSwaggerConfig"></bean>
</beans>
注意: 自定义类CustomSwaggerConfig这个类的bean定义放置在spring的哪个配置很重要,我这里定义的自动扫描包路径也是在这个配置文件中所以才将CustomSwaggerConfig放在这个类中.如果你的spring和springmvc分了两个配置文件,就要注意CustomSwaggerConfig的放置位置
3.3 api接口注解
package com.shell.basemodel;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.shell.basemodel.ifc.BaseModelService;
import com.shell.common.controller.BaseController;
import com.shell.common.model.ResultObject;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;
/**
* @author shell
*/
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
@RequestMapping("/model")
public class BaseModelController extends BaseController {
@Autowired
private BaseModelService service;
@RequestMapping("/test/{hhh}")
@ApiOperation(notes = "测试Swagger", value = "test")
public ResultObject test(@ApiParam(required = true, name="输出") @PathVariable("hhh") String hhh ) {
System.out.println(hhh);
System.out.println(request.getParameter("name"));
BaseModel t = new BaseModel();
t.setId(2334l);
t.setTt(34.53456145352548f);
// service.test();
Object obj = service.add(t);
ResultObject resultObject = new ResultObject();
resultObject.setData(obj);
return resultObject;
}
}
springfox默认会将所有的接口都给你生成文档,不管你有没有使用注解@ApiOperation这个注解注释接口方法,并且如果你没有为你的接口指定访问方式,他也会为这个接口生成所有访问方式的文档, 下面会有结构展示图.
3.4 修改swagger中index.html内容
要在浏览器中访问查看我们的文档,那么就必需要下载Swagger-UI这个ui组件, 将dist目录中的内容加入到项目中。然后修改index.html文件中的内容。
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
var url = window.location.search.match(/url=([^&]+)/);
if (url && url.length > 1) {
url = decodeURIComponent(url[1]);
} else {
// 修改这个url地址为: http://{ip:port}/{projectname}/v2/api-docs
// {ip:port}: 改为你自己的项目地址, {projectname}:改为你自己的项目访问路径
// v2/api-docs: 固定不变
url = "http://localhost:8080/shiro/v2/api-docs";
}
hljs.configure({
highlightSizeThreshold: 5000
});
// Pre load translate...
if(window.SwaggerTranslator) {
window.SwaggerTranslator.translate();
}
window.swaggerUi = new SwaggerUi({
url: url,
dom_id: "swagger-ui-container",
supportedSubmitMethods: ['get', 'post', 'put', 'delete', 'patch'],
onComplete: function(swaggerApi, swaggerUi){
if(typeof initOAuth == "function") {
initOAuth({
clientId: "your-client-id",
clientSecret: "your-client-secret-if-required",
realm: "your-realms",
appName: "your-app-name",
scopeSeparator: " ",
additionalQueryStringParams: {}
});
}
if(window.SwaggerTranslator) {
window.SwaggerTranslator.translate();
}
},
onFailure: function(data) {
log("Unable to Load SwaggerUI");
},
docExpansion: "none",
jsonEditor: false,
defaultModelRendering: 'schema',
showRequestHeaders: false
});
window.swaggerUi.load();
function log() {
if ('console' in window) {
console.log.apply(console, arguments);
}
}
});
</script>
4. 结果展示
BaseModelController中的接口:
每个接口文档的具体描述
从上面的截图我们可以看到, 生成的文档把所有的接口信息都列出来了, 把我们不想让他生成的接口文档也列出来了,比如: IndexController中的接口. 如果我们只想让让列出我们配置的想要的接口的文档应该怎么做呢?我们可以修改我们的CustomSwaggerConfig这个Swagger配置类来过滤甚至生成地址的文档模型.
修改后的CustomSwaggerConfig如下:
package com.shell.swagger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@EnableSwagger2
public class CustomSwaggerConfig {
@Bean
public Docket myDocket() {
Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2);
ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfo("基础框架", "这是一个项目的基础框架结构,构建新项目可以在这个基础上搭建","1.0","apiDocs","1536999495@qq.com","","");
docket.apiInfo(apiInfo);
// 下面这句代码是只生成被ApiOperation这个注解注解过的api接口
// 以及最后一定要执行build()方法,不然不起作用
docket.select().apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.withMethodAnnotation(ApiOperation.class)).build();
return docket;
}
}
修改配置后的结果:
从结果看出: IndexController中的接口没有再生成(因为没有注解ApiOperation),只生成了test这个被ApiOperation注解了的接口的文档, 但同时我们也看到他依然生成了6中访问方式的接口文档,这是因为我们的test接口定义时没有明确的指定是什么方法访问的。我想这也是为什么Swagger是针对Restful风格的Api文档生成工具的原因吧。
5. 结语
Swagger这个工具之前一直没用过,之前写api文档都是直接用word或者是其他的编辑工具手写的。这个也是同学用过说有这样的工具。后来发现类似这样的工具有很多,比如:apiblueprint, raml等等。我这里也只是一个简单快速的集成,具体详细的配置并没有深入去研究, 但是我想既然只是作为一个工具,我们只要知道怎么使用,遇到问题和需求再继续研究也不迟