相同Bean分别被Spring MVC子容器与Spring父容器初始化,导致@Value注入失败

1 问题描述

在车保养项目开发过程中,技术架构:Spring MVC + MyBatis;Service层接口中属性,如果使用注解@Value注入,不能够拿到Properties文件中拿到对应的key值;但在Spring配置文件applicationContext-xxx.xml文件中配置的Properties就可以拿到。具体项目中相关代码如下:

  1. Spring MVC的dispatcher-servlet.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
     <!-- 自定义的参数解析器放在第一位置 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
         <!-- 自定义参数解析器 -->
         <property name="customArgumentResolvers">
             <list>
                 <bean class="com.qding.base.resolver.ArgumentFromJsonResolver" />
             </list>
         </property>
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
     <!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qding"/>
    
     <!-- 开启注解 -->
     <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
     <!-- 启用AspectJ对Annotation的支持 -->
     <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
    
     <!-- 静态资源路径 -->
     <mvc:resources location="/easyui/" mapping="/easyui/**"/>
     <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
     <mvc:resources location="/html/" mapping="/html/**"/>
    
     <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
         <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 配置多请求数据类型,如json xml-->
     <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
         <!-- set the max upload size10MB -->
         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />
         <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="10240" />
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 配置Controller拦截器 -->
     <mvc:interceptors>
         <mvc:interceptor>
             <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/remote/imessage"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/easyui/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/html/**"/>
             <bean class="com.qding.base.interceptor.TransferSecurityInterceptor"/>
         </mvc:interceptor>
         <mvc:interceptor>
             <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/remote/imessage"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/easyui/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/html/**"/>
             <bean class="com.qding.doc.interceptor.TransferDocInterceptor"/>
         </mvc:interceptor>
     </mvc:interceptors>
    
     <!-- 切面配置:Controller方法参数校验 -->
     <bean class="com.qding.base.aspect.ParameterValidateAspect" />
    </beans>

  2. Spring的applicationContext-service.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
     <!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
     <!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qding.*.*.service"/>
    
     <!-- 定时任务 -->
     <task:annotation-driven/>
    
     <!-- 启用AspectJ对Annotation的支持 -->
     <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
    
     <!-- Transaction Support -->
     <tx:advice id="useTxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
         <tx:attributes>
             <tx:method name="*remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
             <tx:method name="*save*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*update*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="fill*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="cancel*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*chang*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
    
             <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="query*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="page*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="count*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
         </tx:attributes>
     </tx:advice>
    
     <!--把事务控制在Service层-->
     <aop:config>
         <aop:pointcut id="pc" expression="execution(public * com.qding..service.*.*(..))" />
         <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="pc" advice-ref="useTxAdvice" />
     </aop:config>
    
     <!-- 切面配置:Service层方法执行日志 -->
     <bean class="com.qding.aspect.ServiceVersionLogAspect" />
    
     <!--memcached客户端配置-->
     <bean name="xmemcachedClientBuilder" class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.XMemcachedClientBuilder">
         <constructor-arg>
             <list>
                 <bean class="java.net.InetSocketAddress">
                     <constructor-arg>
                         <value>${server_1}</value>
                     </constructor-arg>
                     <constructor-arg>
                         <value>${port_1}</value>
                     </constructor-arg>
                 </bean>
             </list>
         </constructor-arg>
         <constructor-arg>
             <list>
                 <value>${priority_1}</value>
             </list>
         </constructor-arg>
         <property name="connectionPoolSize" value="6"/>
         <property name="commandFactory">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.command.BinaryCommandFactory"/>
         </property>
         <property name="sessionLocator">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.impl.KetamaMemcachedSessionLocator"/>
         </property>
         <property name="transcoder">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.transcoders.SerializingTranscoder" />
         </property>
     </bean>
    
     <bean name="xmemcachedClient" factory-bean="xmemcachedClientBuilder" factory-method="build" destroy-method="shutdown">
         <property name="opTimeout" value="3000"/>
     </bean>
    
     <bean id="memCacheUtil" class="com.qding.member.common.cache.MemCacheUtil">
         <!-- 过期时间  单位秒 -->
         <property name="expTime" value="3600"/>
         <!-- 操作失效时间  单位毫秒 -->
         <property name="opTime" value="3000"/>
         <property name="memcachedClient" ref="xmemcachedClient"/>
     </bean>
    </beans>

  3. Service层OrderServiceImpl的代码

     
    public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    
         @Value("${bopai.provider_id}")
         private String bopaiProviderId;
    
         @Value("${bopai.provider_name}")
         private String bopaiProviderName;
    
         @Value("${bopai.connect.phone}")
         private String boPaiPhone;
    
         ......
     }

2 排查过程

  1. Spring的applicationContext-service.xml文件配置的属性,可以正常拿到Properties文件中的值;【正常】
  2. 项目工程的Service层OrderServiceImpl实现,@Value不能拿到Properties文件中的值;【不正常】
  3. 代码断点调试:发现OrderServiceImpl被初始化了两次,第一次@Value可以拿到值,第二次@Value没有拿到值;【不正常】
  4. 发现根本原因:Spring 容器和Spring MVC容器分别都初始化了Service的实例,后者第二次初始化Service实例时,没有拿到@Value值,该实例覆盖掉了Spring 容器初始化的实例;

3 解决方案

通过修改两个配置文件的<context:component-scan base-package=""/>扫包范围,达到以下效果:

  1. Spring MVC的配置文件dispatcher-servlet严格限制只初始化Controller层实例;
  2. Spring的配置文件applicationContext-service.xml严格限制只初始化除Controller层的其他层实例;

修改后的配置文件:

  1. Spring MVC的dispatcher-servlet.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
     <!-- 自定义的参数解析器放在第一位置 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
         <!-- 自定义参数解析器 -->
         <property name="customArgumentResolvers">
             <list>
                 <bean class="com.qding.base.resolver.ArgumentFromJsonResolver" />
             </list>
         </property>
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
     <!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qding.*.*.controller,com.qding.*.controller"/>
    
     <!-- 开启注解 -->
     <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
     <!-- 启用AspectJ对Annotation的支持 -->
     <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
    
     <!-- 静态资源路径 -->
     <mvc:resources location="/easyui/" mapping="/easyui/**"/>
     <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
     <mvc:resources location="/html/" mapping="/html/**"/>
    
     <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
         <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 配置多请求数据类型,如json xml-->
     <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
         <!-- set the max upload size10MB -->
         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />
         <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="10240" />
     </bean>
    
     <!-- 配置Controller拦截器 -->
     <mvc:interceptors>
         <mvc:interceptor>
             <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/remote/imessage"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/easyui/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/html/**"/>
             <bean class="com.qding.base.interceptor.TransferSecurityInterceptor"/>
         </mvc:interceptor>
         <mvc:interceptor>
             <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/remote/imessage"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/easyui/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**"/>
             <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/html/**"/>
             <bean class="com.qding.doc.interceptor.TransferDocInterceptor"/>
         </mvc:interceptor>
     </mvc:interceptors>
    
     <!-- 切面配置:Controller方法参数校验 -->
     <bean class="com.qding.base.aspect.ParameterValidateAspect" />
    </beans>

  2. Spring的applicationContext-service.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
     <!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
     <!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.qding.*.*.service,com.qding.*.*.imessage,com.qding.*.quartz,com.qding.remote.service"/>
    
     <!-- 定时任务 -->
     <task:annotation-driven/>
    
     <!-- 启用AspectJ对Annotation的支持 -->
     <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
    
     <!-- Transaction Support -->
     <tx:advice id="useTxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
         <tx:attributes>
             <tx:method name="*remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
             <tx:method name="*save*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*update*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="fill*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="cancel*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
             <tx:method name="*chang*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
    
             <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="query*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="page*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
             <tx:method name="count*" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
         </tx:attributes>
     </tx:advice>
    
     <!--把事务控制在Service层-->
     <aop:config>
         <aop:pointcut id="pc" expression="execution(public * com.qding..service.*.*(..))" />
         <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="pc" advice-ref="useTxAdvice" />
     </aop:config>
    
     <!-- 切面配置:Service层方法执行日志 -->
     <bean class="com.qding.aspect.ServiceVersionLogAspect" />
    
     <!--memcached客户端配置-->
     <bean name="xmemcachedClientBuilder" class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.XMemcachedClientBuilder">
         <constructor-arg>
             <list>
                 <bean class="java.net.InetSocketAddress">
                     <constructor-arg>
                         <value>${server_1}</value>
                     </constructor-arg>
                     <constructor-arg>
                         <value>${port_1}</value>
                     </constructor-arg>
                 </bean>
             </list>
         </constructor-arg>
         <constructor-arg>
             <list>
                 <value>${priority_1}</value>
             </list>
         </constructor-arg>
         <property name="connectionPoolSize" value="6"/>
         <property name="commandFactory">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.command.BinaryCommandFactory"/>
         </property>
         <property name="sessionLocator">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.impl.KetamaMemcachedSessionLocator"/>
         </property>
         <property name="transcoder">
             <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.transcoders.SerializingTranscoder" />
         </property>
     </bean>
    
     <bean name="xmemcachedClient" factory-bean="xmemcachedClientBuilder" factory-method="build" destroy-method="shutdown">
         <property name="opTimeout" value="3000"/>
     </bean>
    
     <bean id="memCacheUtil" class="com.qding.member.common.cache.MemCacheUtil">
         <!-- 过期时间  单位秒 -->
         <property name="expTime" value="3600"/>
         <!-- 操作失效时间  单位毫秒 -->
         <property name="opTime" value="3000"/>
         <property name="memcachedClient" ref="xmemcachedClient"/>
     </bean>
    </beans>

4 问题总结

SpringMVC容器是Spring容器的一个子容器,它同样能够初始化实体类。由于SpringMVC容器的初始化是在Spring容器初始化之后,所以它会替换Spring中已经存在的类,这样可能会导致冲突。因此在Spring的配置文件中SpringMVC和Spring容器各司其职,在使用ComponentScan进行扫描时,各自扫描各自的实体类。如下配置:

  1. Spring容器扫描配置

     
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.projects.system">
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />         
     </context:component-scan>

  2. SpringMVC容器扫描配置

     
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.projects.system">
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
     </context:component-scan>

    以上配置在使用Spring xml-based配置时是没有问题的。如果在项目中引入java-base配置时,同时引入了@Configuration注解,@Configuration注解是在Spring容器初始化时进行实体类的初始化工作,因此在Spring MVC扫描配置中要将其过滤掉,否则会导致SpringMVC 的rest地址不可访问的问题。新的配置如下:

     
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.projects.system">
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
         <!-- 不扫描配置文件类,避免重复初始化 -->
         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration"/>
     </context:component-scan>


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