深度学习模型编译快速入门教程

zxros10

已于 2022-07-18 11:03:38 修改

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分类专栏： TVM官方文档翻译文章标签：深度学习人工智能

于 2022-05-31 16:19:09 首次发布

原文链接：https://tvm.apache.org/docs/tutorial/relay_quick_start.html

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本文翻译自Quick Start Tutorial for Compiling Deep Learning Models — tvm 0.9.dev0 documentation

这个例子展示了如何使用Relay python前端构建一个神经网络，并使用TVM为Nvidia GPU生成一个运行时库。注意，构建TVM时需要启用cuda和llvm。

TVM支持的硬件后端概述

下图展示了目前TVM支持的硬件后端:

在本教程中，我们将选择cuda和llvm作为目标后端。首先，让我们导入Relay和TVM。

import numpy as np

from tvm import relay
from tvm.relay import testing
import tvm
from tvm import te
from tvm.contrib import graph_executor
import tvm.testing

在Relay中的定义神经网络

首先，让我们使用Relay前端定义一个神经网络。为了简单起见，我们将在Relay中使用预定义的resnet-18网络。参数用Xavier初始化器初始化。Relay还支持其他的模型格式，如MXNet, CoreML, ONNX和Tensorflow。

在本教程中，我们假设我们将在设备上进行推理，batch size设置为1。输入为224 * 224的RGB图像。我们可以调用tvm.relay.expr.TupleWrapper.astext()来打印网络结构。

batch_size = 1
num_class = 1000
image_shape = (3, 224, 224)
data_shape = (batch_size,) + image_shape
out_shape = (batch_size, num_class)

mod, params = relay.testing.resnet.get_workload(
    num_layers=18, batch_size=batch_size, image_shape=image_shape
)

# set show_meta_data=True if you want to show meta data
print(mod.astext(show_meta_data=False))

输出：

#[version = "0.0.5"]
def @main(%data: Tensor[(1, 3, 224, 224), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(1, 3, 224, 224), float32] */, %bn_data_gamma: Tensor[(3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(3), float32] */, %bn_data_beta: Tensor[(3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(3), float32] */, %bn_data_moving_mean: Tensor[(3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(3), float32] */, %bn_data_moving_var: Tensor[(3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(3), float32] */, %conv0_weight: Tensor[(64, 3, 7, 7), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 3, 7, 7), float32] */, %bn0_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %bn0_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %bn0_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %bn0_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn1_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_conv1_weight: Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn2_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_conv2_weight: Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage1_unit1_sc_weight: Tensor[(64, 64, 1, 1), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 64, 1, 1), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn1_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_conv1_weight: Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn2_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage1_unit2_conv2_weight: Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64, 64, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn1_beta: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(64), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(64), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_conv1_weight: Tensor[(128, 64, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128, 64, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn2_beta: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_conv2_weight: Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage2_unit1_sc_weight: Tensor[(128, 64, 1, 1), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128, 64, 1, 1), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn1_beta: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_conv1_weight: Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn2_beta: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage2_unit2_conv2_weight: Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128, 128, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn1_beta: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(128), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(128), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_conv1_weight: Tensor[(256, 128, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256, 128, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn2_beta: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_conv2_weight: Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage3_unit1_sc_weight: Tensor[(256, 128, 1, 1), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256, 128, 1, 1), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn1_beta: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_conv1_weight: Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn2_beta: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage3_unit2_conv2_weight: Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256, 256, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn1_beta: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(256), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(256), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_conv1_weight: Tensor[(512, 256, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512, 256, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn2_beta: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_conv2_weight: Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage4_unit1_sc_weight: Tensor[(512, 256, 1, 1), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512, 256, 1, 1), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn1_gamma: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn1_beta: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_conv1_weight: Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn2_gamma: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn2_beta: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn2_moving_mean: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_bn2_moving_var: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %stage4_unit2_conv2_weight: Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512, 512, 3, 3), float32] */, %bn1_gamma: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %bn1_beta: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %bn1_moving_mean: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %bn1_moving_var: Tensor[(512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(512), float32] */, %fc1_weight: Tensor[(1000, 512), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(1000, 512), float32] */, %fc1_bias: Tensor[(1000), float32] /* ty=Tensor[(1000), float32] */) -> Tensor[(1, 1000), float32] {
  %0 = nn.batch_norm(%data, %bn_data_gamma, %bn_data_beta, %bn_data_moving_mean, %bn_data_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f, scale=False) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 3, 224, 224), float32], Tensor[(3), float32], Tensor[(3), float32]) */;
  %1 = %0.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 3, 224, 224), float32] */;
  %2 = nn.conv2d(%1, %conv0_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[3, 3, 3, 3], channels=64, kernel_size=[7, 7]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 112, 112), float32] */;
  %3 = nn.batch_norm(%2, %bn0_gamma, %bn0_beta, %bn0_moving_mean, %bn0_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 112, 112), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %4 = %3.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 112, 112), float32] */;
  %5 = nn.relu(%4) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 112, 112), float32] */;
  %6 = nn.max_pool2d(%5, pool_size=[3, 3], strides=[2, 2], padding=[1, 1, 1, 1]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %7 = nn.batch_norm(%6, %stage1_unit1_bn1_gamma, %stage1_unit1_bn1_beta, %stage1_unit1_bn1_moving_mean, %stage1_unit1_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %8 = %7.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %9 = nn.relu(%8) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %10 = nn.conv2d(%9, %stage1_unit1_conv1_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=64, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %11 = nn.batch_norm(%10, %stage1_unit1_bn2_gamma, %stage1_unit1_bn2_beta, %stage1_unit1_bn2_moving_mean, %stage1_unit1_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %12 = %11.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %13 = nn.relu(%12) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %14 = nn.conv2d(%13, %stage1_unit1_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=64, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %15 = nn.conv2d(%9, %stage1_unit1_sc_weight, padding=[0, 0, 0, 0], channels=64, kernel_size=[1, 1]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %16 = add(%14, %15) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %17 = nn.batch_norm(%16, %stage1_unit2_bn1_gamma, %stage1_unit2_bn1_beta, %stage1_unit2_bn1_moving_mean, %stage1_unit2_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %18 = %17.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %19 = nn.relu(%18) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %20 = nn.conv2d(%19, %stage1_unit2_conv1_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=64, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %21 = nn.batch_norm(%20, %stage1_unit2_bn2_gamma, %stage1_unit2_bn2_beta, %stage1_unit2_bn2_moving_mean, %stage1_unit2_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %22 = %21.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %23 = nn.relu(%22) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %24 = nn.conv2d(%23, %stage1_unit2_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=64, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %25 = add(%24, %16) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %26 = nn.batch_norm(%25, %stage2_unit1_bn1_gamma, %stage2_unit1_bn1_beta, %stage2_unit1_bn1_moving_mean, %stage2_unit1_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32], Tensor[(64), float32], Tensor[(64), float32]) */;
  %27 = %26.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %28 = nn.relu(%27) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 64, 56, 56), float32] */;
  %29 = nn.conv2d(%28, %stage2_unit1_conv1_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=128, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %30 = nn.batch_norm(%29, %stage2_unit1_bn2_gamma, %stage2_unit1_bn2_beta, %stage2_unit1_bn2_moving_mean, %stage2_unit1_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32], Tensor[(128), float32], Tensor[(128), float32]) */;
  %31 = %30.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %32 = nn.relu(%31) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %33 = nn.conv2d(%32, %stage2_unit1_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=128, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %34 = nn.conv2d(%28, %stage2_unit1_sc_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[0, 0, 0, 0], channels=128, kernel_size=[1, 1]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %35 = add(%33, %34) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %36 = nn.batch_norm(%35, %stage2_unit2_bn1_gamma, %stage2_unit2_bn1_beta, %stage2_unit2_bn1_moving_mean, %stage2_unit2_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32], Tensor[(128), float32], Tensor[(128), float32]) */;
  %37 = %36.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %38 = nn.relu(%37) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %39 = nn.conv2d(%38, %stage2_unit2_conv1_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=128, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %40 = nn.batch_norm(%39, %stage2_unit2_bn2_gamma, %stage2_unit2_bn2_beta, %stage2_unit2_bn2_moving_mean, %stage2_unit2_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32], Tensor[(128), float32], Tensor[(128), float32]) */;
  %41 = %40.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %42 = nn.relu(%41) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %43 = nn.conv2d(%42, %stage2_unit2_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=128, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %44 = add(%43, %35) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %45 = nn.batch_norm(%44, %stage3_unit1_bn1_gamma, %stage3_unit1_bn1_beta, %stage3_unit1_bn1_moving_mean, %stage3_unit1_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32], Tensor[(128), float32], Tensor[(128), float32]) */;
  %46 = %45.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %47 = nn.relu(%46) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 128, 28, 28), float32] */;
  %48 = nn.conv2d(%47, %stage3_unit1_conv1_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=256, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %49 = nn.batch_norm(%48, %stage3_unit1_bn2_gamma, %stage3_unit1_bn2_beta, %stage3_unit1_bn2_moving_mean, %stage3_unit1_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32], Tensor[(256), float32], Tensor[(256), float32]) */;
  %50 = %49.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %51 = nn.relu(%50) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %52 = nn.conv2d(%51, %stage3_unit1_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=256, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %53 = nn.conv2d(%47, %stage3_unit1_sc_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[0, 0, 0, 0], channels=256, kernel_size=[1, 1]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %54 = add(%52, %53) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %55 = nn.batch_norm(%54, %stage3_unit2_bn1_gamma, %stage3_unit2_bn1_beta, %stage3_unit2_bn1_moving_mean, %stage3_unit2_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32], Tensor[(256), float32], Tensor[(256), float32]) */;
  %56 = %55.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %57 = nn.relu(%56) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %58 = nn.conv2d(%57, %stage3_unit2_conv1_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=256, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %59 = nn.batch_norm(%58, %stage3_unit2_bn2_gamma, %stage3_unit2_bn2_beta, %stage3_unit2_bn2_moving_mean, %stage3_unit2_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32], Tensor[(256), float32], Tensor[(256), float32]) */;
  %60 = %59.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %61 = nn.relu(%60) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %62 = nn.conv2d(%61, %stage3_unit2_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=256, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %63 = add(%62, %54) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %64 = nn.batch_norm(%63, %stage4_unit1_bn1_gamma, %stage4_unit1_bn1_beta, %stage4_unit1_bn1_moving_mean, %stage4_unit1_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32], Tensor[(256), float32], Tensor[(256), float32]) */;
  %65 = %64.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %66 = nn.relu(%65) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 256, 14, 14), float32] */;
  %67 = nn.conv2d(%66, %stage4_unit1_conv1_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=512, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %68 = nn.batch_norm(%67, %stage4_unit1_bn2_gamma, %stage4_unit1_bn2_beta, %stage4_unit1_bn2_moving_mean, %stage4_unit1_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32], Tensor[(512), float32], Tensor[(512), float32]) */;
  %69 = %68.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %70 = nn.relu(%69) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %71 = nn.conv2d(%70, %stage4_unit1_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=512, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %72 = nn.conv2d(%66, %stage4_unit1_sc_weight, strides=[2, 2], padding=[0, 0, 0, 0], channels=512, kernel_size=[1, 1]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %73 = add(%71, %72) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %74 = nn.batch_norm(%73, %stage4_unit2_bn1_gamma, %stage4_unit2_bn1_beta, %stage4_unit2_bn1_moving_mean, %stage4_unit2_bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32], Tensor[(512), float32], Tensor[(512), float32]) */;
  %75 = %74.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %76 = nn.relu(%75) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %77 = nn.conv2d(%76, %stage4_unit2_conv1_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=512, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %78 = nn.batch_norm(%77, %stage4_unit2_bn2_gamma, %stage4_unit2_bn2_beta, %stage4_unit2_bn2_moving_mean, %stage4_unit2_bn2_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32], Tensor[(512), float32], Tensor[(512), float32]) */;
  %79 = %78.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %80 = nn.relu(%79) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %81 = nn.conv2d(%80, %stage4_unit2_conv2_weight, padding=[1, 1, 1, 1], channels=512, kernel_size=[3, 3]) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %82 = add(%81, %73) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %83 = nn.batch_norm(%82, %bn1_gamma, %bn1_beta, %bn1_moving_mean, %bn1_moving_var, epsilon=2e-05f) /* ty=(Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32], Tensor[(512), float32], Tensor[(512), float32]) */;
  %84 = %83.0 /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %85 = nn.relu(%84) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 7, 7), float32] */;
  %86 = nn.global_avg_pool2d(%85) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512, 1, 1), float32] */;
  %87 = nn.batch_flatten(%86) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 512), float32] */;
  %88 = nn.dense(%87, %fc1_weight, units=1000) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 1000), float32] */;
  %89 = nn.bias_add(%88, %fc1_bias, axis=-1) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 1000), float32] */;
  nn.softmax(%89) /* ty=Tensor[(1, 1000), float32] */
}

编译

下一步是使用Relay/TVM管道编译模型。用户可以指定编译的优化级别。目前该值可以是0 ~ 3。优化passes包括算子融合、预计算、布局变换等。

relay.build()返回三个组件:json格式的执行图，目标硬件上专门为该图编译的函数的TVM模块库，以及模型的参数blob。在编译过程中，Relay进行图级优化，而TVM进行张量级优化，从而为模型服务产生了一个优化的运行时模块。

我们将首先为Nvidia GPU编译。在后台，relay.build()首先做一些图级的优化，例如修剪，融合等，然后注册操作符(即优化图的节点)到TVM实现来生成一个tvm .module。为了生成模块库，TVM首先会将高级IR转换为指定目标后端低级的固有IR，本例中为CUDA。然后生成机器代码作为模块库。

opt_level = 3
target = tvm.target.cuda()
with tvm.transform.PassContext(opt_level=opt_level):
    lib = relay.build(mod, target, params=params)

输出：

/workspace/python/tvm/target/target.py:371: UserWarning: Try specifying cuda arch by adding 'arch=sm_xx' to your target.
  warnings.warn("Try specifying cuda arch by adding 'arch=sm_xx' to your target.")
/workspace/python/tvm/driver/build_module.py:264: UserWarning: target_host parameter is going to be deprecated. Please pass in tvm.target.Target(target, host=target_host) instead.
  "target_host parameter is going to be deprecated. "

运行生成库

现在我们可以创建图形执行器并在Nvidia GPU上运行模块。

# create random input
dev = tvm.cuda()
data = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=data_shape).astype("float32")
# create module
module = graph_executor.GraphModule(lib["default"](dev))
# set input and parameters
module.set_input("data", data)
# run
module.run()
# get output
out = module.get_output(0, tvm.nd.empty(out_shape)).numpy()

# Print first 10 elements of output
print(out.flatten()[0:10])

输出：

[0.00089283 0.00103331 0.0009094  0.00102275 0.00108751 0.00106737
 0.00106262 0.00095838 0.00110792 0.00113151]

保存和加载编译后的模块

我们还可以将图形、lib和参数保存到文件中，然后在部署环境中加载。

# save the graph, lib and params into separate files
from tvm.contrib import utils

temp = utils.tempdir()
path_lib = temp.relpath("deploy_lib.tar")
lib.export_library(path_lib)
print(temp.listdir())

输出：

['deploy_lib.tar']

# load the module back.
loaded_lib = tvm.runtime.load_module(path_lib)
input_data = tvm.nd.array(data)

module = graph_executor.GraphModule(loaded_lib["default"](dev))
module.run(data=input_data)
out_deploy = module.get_output(0).numpy()

# Print first 10 elements of output
print(out_deploy.flatten()[0:10])

# check whether the output from deployed module is consistent with original one
tvm.testing.assert_allclose(out_deploy, out, atol=1e-5)

输出：

[0.00089283 0.00103331 0.0009094  0.00102275 0.00108751 0.00106737
 0.00106262 0.00095838 0.00110792 0.00113151]

zxros10

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深度学习模型编译快速入门教程

本文翻译自Quick Start Tutorial for Compiling Deep Learning Models — tvm 0.9.dev0 documentation
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