C++ 错误 pure virtual method called

C++ 错误 pure virtual method called

• 某日做UnitTest（单元测试）时，Gtest跑完析构时，报出如下错误

.....
.....
.....
[ PASSED ] X tests.
pure virtual method called
terminate called without an active exception
Segmentation fault

• 根据字面意思，就是调用了一个纯虚的函数。
• 一般来讲，如果没有实现声明的纯虚函数。创建对象时，编译检查是不会通过的。例子如下：

#include <iostream>
class Parent
{ 
public:
    Parent()
    {
    }

    virtual ~Parent()
    {
    }

    virtual void crash() = 0;
    void init()
    {
    }
};

class Child : public Parent
{
public:
    Child()
    {
    }
};

int main()
{
    Child c;
    return 0;
}

• 编译错误如下：

error: cannot declare variable ‘c’ to be of abstract type ‘Child’
Child c;
note: because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘Child’
class Child : public Parent
note: virtual void Parent::crash()
virtual void crash() = 0

• 那么产生该问题的原因是？
• 第一种：父类的构造函数中，调用了纯虚函数。

#include <iostream>

class Parent
{ 
public:
    Parent()
    {
        init();
    }

    virtual ~Parent()
    {
    }

    virtual void crash() = 0;
    void init()
    {
        // Call Pure Virtaul
        crash();
    }
};

class Child : public Parent
{
public:
    Child()
    {
    }

    void crash()
    {
        return ;
    }

};

int main()
{
    Child c;
    return 0;
}

• 第二种：意外析构

#include <iostream>

class Parent { 
public:
    Parent()
    {
        std::cout << "Parent" << std::endl;
    }

    virtual ~Parent()
    {
        std::cout << "~Parent" << std::endl;
    }

    virtual void crash() = 0;
};
 
class Child : public Parent { 
public:
    Child()
    {
        std::cout << "Child" << std::endl;
    }

    virtual ~Child()
    {
        std::cout << "~Child" << std::endl;
    }

    void crash() {
        return ;
    }
};
 
int main()
{
    Child *p = new Child();
    p->~Child();
    p->crash();
    return 0;
}